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An oligonucleotide is an oligonucleotide, which is made up of two words, one is oligonucleotide and the other is nucleotide.

This word seems complicated, but in fact, it is the Chinese scholar who gave the name, Wenqing, and gave a name that seems troublesome (I originally wanted to find out which hero came up with egg-sore names such as nucleotide guanine cytosine, but I didn't find it for half an hour, and then I thought about it, I also did this kind of thing because of the pain of birds' eggs...... ）

The nucleotide itself is a basic molecule that is about the same significance to living organisms as dihydrogen monoxide. And its importance is mainly reflected in its composition. When the nucleotides are linked together, they are ribonucleotides, that is, Rna, and then deoxygenated, called deoxyribonucleotides, are DNA.

The oligonucleotide is a group of nucleotides gathered together, and the total number is less than 20, so it is called oligomeric and has become an idle oligonucleotide with no eggs.

Of course, oligonucleotides themselves are useless, but they are the raw material for many biological experiments, so much so that people desperately want to produce them because the dosage is too large.

Historically, Morris, who won the Nobel Prize for pcR, worked as a director in an oligonucleotide laboratory at a private company, where his job was to constantly synthesize and produce oligonucleotides, and then provide raw materials for experiments in other parts of the company.

Michael Smith, who won the Nobel Prize in the same year as Murice, also understood oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis technology.

However, Michael Smith is much worse than Muris, he made the oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis technology in 79, and at that time, the oligonucleotide production method used by Muris was not yet known.

As a result, Michael Smith had to spend most of his time producing oligonucleotides.

This is the norm for researchers, and most of the time is spent doing boring and repetitive work.

However, before the technology exhibition was reached, boring repetitive work was indispensable, and some valuable results were also manifested in repetitive work.

In just four years, from '79 to '83, the biotechnology exhibition was fast enough to make Nobel laureates confused, in fact, if the textbook was revised according to the exhibition of biotechnology, it would certainly not be enough to change it twice a year.

As a result, biotechnology has entered an era similar to Moore's Law.

For the scholars who are in it, this is a painful and happy era, they study hard, work hard to do projects, and personally participate in the wave of changes of the times, and their achievements may not be able to be completed by their predecessors in a hundred years.

And for college students who are studying, this era is only pain. Students in other disciplines are still complaining that what we learn in college is useless in society -- when it is time for biology students to look for a job, they look back at the textbooks of the past four years and see that the things in them have been revised beyond recognition......

Of course, most of the textbooks are so late that they don't even know how far behind they are.

In fact, in terms of proportion, Chinese scholars are more backward, especially cutting-edge technology, in the era when most researchers in China can't understand English, it's too difficult for everyone to follow the rhythm of American dads, you can't read the research results and articles of your predecessors, do you want to do it again?

Even if you do it again, you can't catch up.

Since the Americans began to allow commercial private biological companies in the 70s, the application of biological science has been rapidly redefining professional terms in five years, and those who chase it will be left behind if they learn slowly, let alone do it themselves.

And when Yang Rui said the DNA synthesis, not only Li Wenqiang and others from local universities didn't know, but Huang Mao, who only came back from Columbia University in the United States a few years ago, had no idea.

"Isn't it possible to make nucleotides in the laboratory method? We have a lot of people now, and it should be no problem to deploy two people out. Huang Mao had also heard of the DNA synthesizer, but he didn't know exactly what it was.

Yang Rui shook his head and said: "I have already bought the DNA synthesizer, a company called biological research in the United States began to try to produce this instrument two years ago, we are now behind the opponent, after the DNA synthesizer arrives, our job is to transform this instrument, improve its production capacity, and then produce." Of course, the original laboratory method has also been done and used to make experimental raw materials during this time. ”

The current DNA synthesizer is far from the level of later generations, not to mention the automatic production of nucleotides, it is not easy to work normally, it is essential to modify and modify, just like the early computers, it is not a matter for users to program plug-ins and the like by themselves, and do not expect the engineers of the other company to have maintenance capabilities, the so-called first generation, is something that no one else can understand except for the person who opened it.

However, this is not such a scientific research instrument that you can buy if you want to, if it weren't for the honeymoon period between China and the United States, Yang Rui wouldn't be able to buy the instrument if he gave money.

Huang Mao had never seen anything, and his focus was different, so he first asked in surprise: "Who is the opponent?" You just said that we are now behind the opponent, who is our opponent?"

Yang Rui did not give a positive answer, but said: "Those who engage in scientific research, except for their own people, are opponents, no matter what, we should first improve our own supply capacity, and there will be other uses for manpower in the future." ”

Huang Mao still felt that it was expensive, so he cautiously asked, "How much does that DNA synthesizer cost?"

Yang Rui bared his teeth and said, "Plus freight, $280,000." ”

"Shhhh

Several people in the laboratory gasped in unison.

"There's no way, it's this price, the thing is coming, and it may cost tens of thousands of yuan to renovate it, so let's cheer up during this time, don't let this money be spent in vain, and next year, people will come out with a new DNA synthesizer, and the old ones haven't figured it out, so it's really a waste." ”

"That's too expensive, how much faster can it be than we can do it ourselves?"

"At least five times, debug it, change it yourself, and increase it to ten times. This production is also necessary, and it should be increased to a minimum of 6 people for a full day. Yang Rui is actually not willing to spend so much money, Huarui is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the offshore company of his offshore company, and the $280,000 is his own money. If this money is taken to the friendship store, it can buy a floor empty, and if it is used to buy a house in Beijing, it can buy 100 sets of courtyard houses. After 3o years, it will be at least more than one billion yuan, up to 200 million US dollars, and it will have to appreciate by 1ooo times.

However, pcR is a Nobel Prize-level research, not to mention that Yang Rui still has money, even if he spends all the money, Yang Rui is also willing to change for a Nobel Prize.

Huang Mao listened to the number of Yang Rui said, looked left and right, and said helplessly: "The output of 6 people throughout the day, we are not enough to go into battle...... Otherwise, let's recruit a few more people to specialize in oligonucleotides? ”

He still feels sorry for money. Huang Mao is now the deputy director of Sinovel Laboratory, and he is helpless to see Yang Rui spend most of his working capital in one go.

Yang Rui shook his head: "It's not impossible to make a specialized oligonucleotide laboratory, but it's too labor-intensive, 6 people produce all day, and you have to recruit more than 8 people." Add two or three assistants, and you have to prepare ten people. This is made of raw materials, and serious experiments should not be missing. So many people have to be equipped with full-time management personnel, plus accounting and cashiering or something, the size of the company has doubled at once, there are too many problems, it is better to buy an instrument. In addition, the production capacity of the equipment can be expanded, and the purity is relatively easy to control, which are all advantages. ”

The well-controlled purity of the instrument does not mean that the oligonucleotides produced by the instrument are purer, but more uniform. Average is perhaps a more important concept for important experiments, as it is easier to predict the progress of the experiment, and the purity of the API can be disregarded as a variable.

Anyone who has studied equations knows that binary equations are easy to solve, ternary equations are not difficult, quaternary equations are troublesome, and five-element equations with five variables are difficult to play if you can't find a special relationship.

For demanding laboratories, everyone is a different variable, and the worse the researcher, the higher the variable index.

The calves recruited by Yang Rui have not yet reflected their earth-shattering abilities, but since they can show their earth-shattering level, they now at least have good basic skills, and then recruit researchers of uneven levels, and then retrain, and even cultivate basic research thinking, it takes too much time, although Sinovel Lab is rich, it lacks a brand like Peking University, and it is not easy to recruit some high-level ones, and Yang Rui is not willing to raise a few snails with a high salary.

Huang Mao asked: "Can we use the project we are doing now?"

He actually wanted to ask if it was worth it?

Yang Ruixin said: This is the Nobel Prize, 280,000 US dollars, that is, it has just begun to invest.

After calculating his own deposit, more than a year's dividends plus the additional income of Jielikang's overseas factory, after seven deductions and eight deductions, Yang Rui still has more than 4oo US dollars in his hand, which made Yang Rui say with a little confidence: "Let's not talk about what the big project will look like, this DNA synthesizer is sent over, we can at least write a few papers based on it, it's not a loss." ”

"A few papers are $300,000, which is quite expensive. Huang Mao sighed and said, "Fortunately, foreigners have money, so let's spend it first." ”

Yang Rui rolled his eyelids when he said this, and his heart was also a little cold. This is still the beginning, which is equivalent to the prelude to the project, and eight percent of the funds will go out, which is indeed a bit dangerous.

Scientific research is a bit like doing business, and it is more difficult than doing business, both of them care about the capital chain, but the business is halfway, the capital chain is tight, you can mortgage, you can take out a loan. It is difficult to get some collateral for scientific research, but there are venture capital companies in the United States that specialize in biological companies, but what people want is shares, and the price is high, so it cannot be said that it is robbed while the fire is burning, but in terms of price, it is almost the same as robbing while the fire is burning. On the other hand, the timeliness of scientific research is strong, and it is normal for those who do business to talk about loans and shares, and to talk about one or two months, but it is difficult to say the result if they are delayed for one or two months, so it is possible to lose all their money.

If he can wait, Yang Rui still wants to wait a little longer, so that he can accumulate an extra quarter of dividends, at least one million dollars less, but unfortunately time waits for no one, Yang Rui has to hope that in the past half a year, the sales of coenzyme Q1o can be more powerful.

……