The original PCR process is miscellaneous, which is equivalent to high-precision Malatang.

A bundle of DNA is selected and placed in a test tube, and then a bunch of test tubes are put into a high-temperature water bath, pinched and raised with a stopwatch, and then into a low-temperature water bath, and then a low-temperature water bath for tens of seconds.

Different times and temperatures will have different results, and the same action is often repeated more than six or seven times, and before there was no high-temperature polymerase, a new polymerase needed to be added between each action.

This kind of PCR technology, like the computer technology of the forties, is complex and sophisticated, with a low fault tolerance, and people see his prospects at the same time, but also see his shortcomings, and think that the shortcomings will accompany him.

There will always be drawbacks, but to varying degrees.

Yang Rui decided to make the first version of PCR less disadvantageous, so that everyone can see the convenience of PCR, look forward to the prospect more, and pay less attention to details.

This can be a difficult choice for other companies, with no idea how many resources they will consume, how long they will take, and how much risk they will take...... After all, it's easier said than done to do this kind of thing, if you have inspiration, it's better, if you don't have inspiration to do it, you can't help but be anxious.

But for Yang Rui, it would be too simple to make PCR technology a little more advanced, just a little.

Hands-on is not Yang Rui's strength, Yang Rui thought about the result, so he found Zhang Xuetong, first described the requirements to him, and then said: "I think that by changing multiple water baths into one, the most troublesome problem will be solved."

Zhang Xuetong covered his head and thought, he was a little stunned for a while, and said: "Several water baths have their own temperatures, how to use them when they are changed to one? ”

Yang Rui didn't say the solution first, but said: "Let's talk about the result first, if a few water baths are changed to one, is the operation simple?"

"That's for sure, first of all, the test tube doesn't have to be moved around, and it used to pinch the stopwatch to catch the test tube, but it became pinching the stopwatch to change the temperature. Zhang Xuetong said and thought about it, and asked: "Can the temperature of the water bath be exchanged?"

"Yes. Yang Rui affirmed: "If I have a good impression, there should be a kind of water bath that can control the gradient temperature." ”

"Water bath for temperature gradient control...... Is it a water bath that can quickly change temperature?" Zhang Xuetong quickly understood, and immediately frowned: "It's not easy, right?" ”

"It's not too difficult, I guess there is a finished product, if not, let's find a way to change it ourselves. "It's a very simple improvement that modern technology has made long ago. Yang Rui doesn't know who invented the earliest version of the automatic temperature change water bath, but by the early 90s at the latest, this water bath liberated the PCR of heavy physical labor.

The precise problem is handed over to the machine to control, and the most complex and most necessary test of physical strength and energy is solved.

The original PCR machine was actually as simple as that, a water bath that would become warm, instead of multiple water baths.

As for the water bath, it is just a cylinder that boils water and maintains its temperature.

After the Nobel Prize-winning technology finally becomes a finished product, it is not much more complicated than a spicy hot stall, and the modified version of PCR technology is simpler, and the setting operation is slightly more complicated than that of an oven.

Countless people will say, when they see the final version of PCR: I didn't expect that.

Zhang Xuetong also felt the same way, touched his chin and said: "If there is really a water bath with automatic temperature change, your method is really good...... I think it's reliable, so I'm going to check the literature?"

"Okay, you go and check the literature, and I'll ask people to search for patents to see if any company has made it. "Universities are active promoters of the Internet and computers. For colleges and universities, the cost of information query is extremely high, and it is not possible to check it.

Literature can be checked through the library, for example, the library of Peking University has a special person responsible for doing this. Patent searches are also conducted by a dedicated person in large patent offices, but the fees are expensive.

In fact, at the current price, that is, a researcher like Yang Rui, who is in charge of the laboratory, has the money to inquire about patents or something, and ordinary researchers have neither money nor want to do such a thing.

It's useless to think about it, especially for researchers from universities outside Beijing, they are extremely troublesome to check the literature, it is really not easy to write a paper, some people only have a few yuan a year, let alone invite a special company to check the patent, and the money for phone calls is very tight.

However, Yang Rui is a generation accustomed to outsourcing. By the time he was in graduate school, many of the experiments were not done in a single lab. For example, when you want to use a microscope with tens of millions of magnifications, the laboratory can't afford to buy a machine, and the school doesn't have it, so simply ask a unit with such a machine to take pictures. After all, no one likes to borrow a machine, and everyone is reluctant to talk about things that can be solved with money.

In addition to the lack of instruments, there are also a lot of experiments that are difficult to operate, and some experiments take more than half a year to learn, or it is very resource-intensive to learn, and teachers are too lazy to teach, so it is better to directly outsource to outside biotechnology companies, not to mention the low cost, and do not have to bear the notoriety of "exploitation".

After entering the 10s, many teachers who could only recruit master's students but not doctoral students have become more and more accustomed to doing experiments on their own. The master's students in the 10s are all pure newcomers, their main job at the undergraduate stage is to take the postgraduate examination, rarely go to work in the laboratory, and the work in the laboratory is getting more and more difficult, many teachers with the master's supervisor brand feel that it is troublesome to teach others, it is better to do it yourself, only as a graduate student is to wash the bottle essence - the upper academic community has always been free after the reform and opening up, what to say, what to do, what to do, it doesn't matter if students become fine.

In the next few days, Zhang Xuetong tried to make his own water bath that changed temperature quickly.

This thing is not difficult, there are no strong patent barriers, most of the relevant patents have expired, and the companies that own the patents have not continued to do similar research and remediation.

After all, before the PCR era, water baths that could quickly change temperature were also dragon slaying, and there was very little scope of application.

The beauty of science lies in this, some scientists will inadvertently create a dragon, some scientists will inadvertently invent dragon slaying, and the most interesting part is that the scientists who invent dragon slaying often invent before the creation of dragons.

When the original PCR was made, the fast temperature water bath was already available, and the private company where the patent was located did not consider it, and the company that invented the fast temperature water bath may not even know about the PCR.

Under Yang Rui's instructions, Zhang Xuetong made the PCR instrument almost two or three years in advance, and with the help of patent attorneys, he applied for a bunch of patents in the name of Sinovel Laboratory.

The Chinese in the laboratory didn't care about the patent problem, they just thought that the new PCR machine was quite easy to use, and one or two praised Zhang Xuetong.

"Save at least 50% of your effort. "Li Wenqiang's hands are sour when he does experiments, and he likes new equipment very much.

Although the appearance is a little ugly, it is really easy to use.

Zhang Xuetong's smiling face was like a flower, and he only felt that the value of life had been reflected to the greatest extent, and said in a joking tone: "Not only fifty percent, I think it is at least eighty percent." ”

"Eighty percent of the achievement, anyway, there is no reward. Li Wenqiang didn't care.

Duan Bo, who was selected at the same time as them, quipped: "Eight achievements are 80 points, and they are not worth rewarding." ”

"How can it be 80 points to save eighty percent of the effort, is it possible that it is 90 points to save ninety percent of the strength?" Zhang Xuetong looked indignant, still making experimental records in his hands.

Wei Zhenxue, who was on the side, said silently: "If my son scores 90 points in the exam, I have to beat him to death." ”

Li Wenqiang and Zhang Xuetong were speechless, dare to love that we are all your sons?

Wang Xiaoyun, as the only female researcher in the laboratory, asked at this time for fear that the world would not be chaotic: "Old Wei, how many points will you not beat?"

"Of course it's going to be 100 points. Wei Zhenxue said as a matter of course.

"100 points? Wang Xiaoyun smiled.

Wei Zhenxue was puzzled: "Why is it over?"

"Because zero is not divisible. Li Wenqiang shook his head.

Wei Zhenxue suddenly reacted, "Oh", and said: "That's right, saving eighty percent of your strength is 80 points, saving ninety percent of your strength is 90 points, you want 100 points, you have to save ten percent of your strength, so you can't get 100 points." ”

"yes. Zhang Xuetong replied casually.

"yes. Wei Zhenxue sighed and said, "You two turtle sons are fortunate not to fall into my hands, otherwise, I will have to discount your legs if you take the exam in the nineties every time." ”

Li Wenqiang was stunned for a moment, feeling that he had suffered a loss, and he didn't know how to refute it.

……

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