Chapter 181: What is Science
"Although we today have not only accepted and popularized modern science in the West, but the gap between them is rapidly narrowing. However, no matter from the perspective of the "May Fourth" New Culture Movement or today's history, modern Western science is neither the whole of Western scientific knowledge, nor the whole of foreign scientific knowledge that China needs to import, still less the whole of human scientific knowledge. Moreover, Huaxia not only has excellent traditional culture, but also has a lot of scientific knowledge that is ahead of Shijie. Chinese medicine is one of them. So this kind of "looking at the present from the perspective of history...... Looking at the wisdom and mind of "looking at the long and short from the overall dimension", we should have it in modern times, we should have it today, and we should have it in the future. If we can always maintain such wisdom and mind, I believe that many mistakes will be avoided in modern China. The same is true when it comes to science. β
Wang Ming said this and asked: "Many of you are famous scholars, so let me ask a question, do you know the origin of the word science?"
Hearing Wang Ming's sudden question, everyone was stunned, but someone reacted first and said: "The word 'science' was introduced to China from Japan at the end of the 20th century. β
After Wang Ming heard someone answer, he nodded and continued: "You all know how it came about, but do you know the correct meaning of this word?"
"Science stands for knowledge!"
"Anything else?"
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"Anything else?"
Wang Ming saw that everyone was silent, and waited for a while. He continued: "The true meaning of the word science was not understood during the May Fourth New Culture Movement, and we may not all understand it today. Actually, the foreign word "science" is not mysterious. In terms of the connotation of this term, it should include four elements. First, the first meaning of science is knowledge. The second is the classification of knowledge, that is, the meaning of knowledge classification or discipline. The third is the accuracy and systematization of knowledge. That is to say, any scientific knowledge should have a mature conceptual category system. The fourth is the theoretical implications of scientific knowledge. That is to say, science is aimed at the pursuit of truth. Truth is naturally theoretical, jishu is a practical application on the basis of theory, and jishu is naturally subordinate to science. So when these four elements are combined, the definition of the word "science" is self-explanatory. If we give a definition of "science" here. Science, then, is a categorical, precise, systematic, and theoretical body of knowledge. These four elements are also the four criteria for examining whether each discipline has reached a mature scientific level.
From the above discussion, people can think that all the scientific knowledge that mankind has known so far is roughly composed of three major sections: natural science, social science, and thinking science. Any body of knowledge that is formed in the process of understanding nature, society, and thinking, and that meets the above definitions should be regarded as science. The modern era in modern Western science refers to the European Renaissance in the 16th century, and it is about four or five hundred years to the present. The sciences are mainly based on modern physics and chemistry since the 18th century. From the perspective of human understanding of nature, society, and thinking, modern science is only a part of natural science. in the natural sciences. People's understanding of the inherent laws of astronomy, geography, and life sciences is not completely determined by physics and chemistry. The two major sectors of social science and thinking science are not the territory of physics and chemistry. Of course, we fully admit that physics and chemistry are in the modern economic and military fields. It was indeed a huge, amazing success. However, we should also note that these successes are mainly based on the basic science of physics and chemistry, and later inventions or creations in the application of jishu. In particular, the high-tech jishu represented by the production of "materials and sharp weapons" is also jishu, not science. High-tech jishu is brilliant again. Its roots are still in physics and chemistry. We should not forget all the scientific knowledge of human beings in the fields of nature, society, and thinking because of high-tech jishu. β¦,
After the 19th century, the economic, military, and political rise of Western countries rose rapidly, while the Qing Dynasty, which was in decline, was declining. From the day when the Western powers' ships and guns broke into the gate of China, the Chinese people who were in internal and external difficulties suffered from national and cultural inferiority. On the one hand, he ruthlessly masochized and self-harmed the excellent traditional Chinese culture, blindly criticized and discarded. On the other hand, driven by the psychology of eagerness to strive for strength and wealth, they regard modern Western science (including jishu) as the main body of pursuit, and even worship it. If the elites who were at the forefront of the times at that time had been able to study and think more seriously and deeply, and had been able to have a clear understanding of what science is, what is modern science, and what are the differences between modern China and the West, I believe that the trend of modern scientism would not have spread in China. β
What is the trend of modern scientism? The trend of thought of modern scientism is a common herd mentality that people blindly worship for modern science for a certain period of time. There are many reasons for this trend of thought. From a rational point of view, in addition to people's common sense ignorance of the meaning and classification of science for a certain period of time, there is also the "historical dimension of the present...... Look at the length and shortness from the overall dimension". From a perceptual point of view, since the Opium War, most people in society have made cultural judgments based on the phenomenon of China's internal and external difficulties. In the long river of cultural development, the correct direction and path are always guided by correct rational understanding. The same is true of the development of science. Due to the backwardness of modern rational understanding, the perceptual understanding floating on the surface of phenomena has a large number of people and a great momentum. This is the main reason for the continuous trend of modern Chinese scientism. The incurable inferiority complex of national culture is also another manifestation of the trend of modern scientism. The Westernization of Chinese medicine was born in this cultural context. "Speaking of which, I really got to the place that Wang Ming was going to say, the previous one was only talking about the westernization of Chinese medicine in the background, and even many people couldn't see that Chinese medicine has been seriously Westernized!"
"The so-called Westernization of traditional Chinese medicine is the practice of using the concepts and methods of Western medicine under the influence of modern scientism to distort and disintegrate the basic scientific system of traditional Chinese medicine and the clinical jishu system. When the basic concept of Chinese medicine is distorted and dismembered into "non-West African" and "Western-like", the basic science and clinical jishu system of Chinese medicine are completely subverted. (Your support is my biggest motivation.) )