Chapter 120: Glass Making (Fourth Update, Ask for Subscription!)
Richard didn't know what was going on at the jewelry store, but after getting the ruby, he had gathered all the ingredients to make cobalt blue, and all that was left was to make cobalt blue, and then make real cobalt blue glass. So, Richard and Gro went to the last place they were going to today, the glassworks of the Emerald Kingdom.
This place is not something that ordinary people can enter, even Gro can't enter and exit casually.
This is mainly due to the fact that glass, especially high-quality glass, is an absolute luxury in the current world, which resembles the Middle Ages. Large glass mirrors are more expensive than gold, and small pieces of stained glass used to decorate the stained windows of churches are also worth a lot. Even broken glass pieces are not available to ordinary people, and are often worn by some aristocratic young ladies to be embedded in gorgeous evening dresses and worn to attend dinner parties. In their opinion, pieces of broken glass are more shiny and representative of status than gemstone rings and pearl necklaces.
To put it simply, glass was almost inaccessible to commoners, and was exclusively the preserve of the aristocracy, with great benefits. For this reason, a country often firmly grasps the glass factory, places it in a remote place, and sends heavy troops to guard it, and the craftsman is not allowed to leave the glass factory for life to prevent the process from leaking.
In fact, this is also a true portrayal of the history of the modern earth.
In the history of modern earth, around the twelfth century, Venice, as the world's glass manufacturing center at that time, directly enclosed all glass artists on an island called Murano Island for centuries in order to monopolize glass-making technology.
In the current world's Jade Kingdom, it has not been exaggerated to this extent, but Gro also used his status as a prince to finally obtain the qualification to bring people in.
After several identity checks, Gro led Richard into the interior of the Emerald Kingdom's glassworks.
In the huge wooden shed, square ponds are everywhere, stoves are lined up, and the heat is soaring, and a large number of workers and craftsmen are constantly coming and going, climbing up and down on one shelf after another, shouting constantly.
"Shaq, go to the No. 1 furnace and see if the fire is extinguished!"
"Barbes, go to furnace number four and check the fuel. ”
"Nus, there's something wrong with pool fifteen, go and call Master Monhach to take a look......"
The director of the glassworks, a brown-haired, high-cheeked man in his forties, led Richard and Gro through the wooden hut in a respectful manner. After all, it's one thing for a glass factory to be heavily guarded, but as the director of the factory, he's still just a small person in front of Ge Luo, and if he dares to be disrespectful, Ge Luo dares to throw him into the pool to make glass.
Vichard's attitude was so natural that Richard would soon be in a furnace that had been temporarily suspended, and by some means, he would make cobalt ore, rubies, and phosphoric acid into the pigment cobalt blue.
Then hand the cobalt blue to Veiss, and let the other party put it into the unformed glass according to a certain proportion, and finally make the cobalt blue glass that meets the requirements.
Veice did it quickly, and brought the product after half a ring.
"This ...... His Excellency Richard. Vicz handed Richard a palm-sized glass sample to Richard and exclaimed, "This is just made according to your orders, you see...... Satisfied. ”
Richard took the glass piece, and after a brief glance, he saw that the glass piece was sea blue, which basically met the requirements of cobalt blue glass, but ......
Richard slightly deviated from the glass and changed the angle of incidence of light, and saw that the glass revealed a pale green color, and his brows suddenly furrowed.
This is...... Glass has the manifestation of impurities.
Richard thought.
This should not be deliberately made by Veices, the other party does not have the courage or this motive, it is purely a matter of process. In today's medieval-like world, glass technology has not reached the level of the modern earth, and the more traditional process of making glass is used, that is, silica rich in silica (SiO2, the main component of quartz, sand) as a raw material.
In order to reduce the difficulty of production, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, that is, soda) and potassium carbonate (Potash, K2CO3, potash alkali) will be added to reduce the silica melting point to about 1000 degrees Celsius. However, sodium carbonate makes the glass soluble in water, so an appropriate amount of calcium oxide (CaO) is usually added to make the glass insoluble in water.
In this process, many raw materials and minerals cannot achieve 100% purity, and some impurities will be mixed with some impurities, and iron, as the most common mineral element, is easy to mix into. Finally, after a series of reactions, ferrous ions are formed, giving the glass a light green color of ferrous ions.
This is an unavoidable phenomenon, unless the whole process is improved, unless all raw materials and minerals are 100% pure, otherwise this problem cannot be solved from the source.
Generally speaking, this does not have much effect, in fact, on the modern earth, many low-cost glass is pale green. In order to prevent the damage of the beer from ultraviolet radiation, the bottle where the beer is stored is specially added with iron to make it dark green.
But the cobalt blue glass that Richard was going to make now was for the flame experiment. The role of cobalt blue glass is to eliminate possible color influences to ensure that the true flame color is observed, so the color difference itself should be eliminated as much as possible.
In this case......
Richard frowned, thought for a moment, flipped his hand, and found a small glass bottle in his hand, which contained half a bottle of gray-white metal powder, which was manganese powder.
Since we can't solve the problem from the source, we can only solve it from the last link. A small amount of manganese can be reacted to change the pale green color caused by ferrous ions in the glass, but the concentration must be controlled, too much will make the glass remove the pale green color and then appear lilac.
Handing the manganese powder in the glass bottle to Vichard, Richard exclaimed, "Go and make the blue glass sheet I want again, and sprinkle this powder into it again at the same time, the concentration is ......."
After speaking, Richard looked at the slightly stunned Viche and asked, "Do you understand?"
"Well, I understand it, but ...... What's the use of that, Your Excellency Richard?" said Veices, slightly confused.
"You don't have to worry about it, just do it. Richard spoke.
"Uh, okay. Vicky glanced at Gro, who was a little bored next to him, and took the manganese powder given by Richard to find someone to operate again.
After half a ring, Vicky walked back with the newly made cobalt blue glass, his face looking calm, but his hands were trembling, and it was difficult to hide the excitement in his heart.
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