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The step of the Ming Sword requires three ways to run in a fork, and constantly fuse until it can be cast into a spirit sword. Ning Fan now has a certain amount of experience in understanding and using swords, but Ning Fan is very vague about the part of sword casting, and he doesn't know anything, so he decided to learn this part first today.

In the appendix of the inner chapter, the part of sword casting takes up a lot of space, and the sword casting is divided into two types: low-level sword-casting and high-level sword-casting. The so-called low-level sword-forging is the method of forging swords of mortals, using conventional methods to forge sharp blades.

In this way, at most, the sharpest mortal weapons can be cast, but spiritual weapons cannot be cast.

The high-level sword-casting method is the use of special fires such as earth fire, Dan fire, beast fire and other fire casting materials, and engraved with magic array runes in the artifact, such a sword-casting method is naturally much more advanced than the conventional method, and the most important thing is that this method may make the cast artifact have spirituality, so as to cast a spiritual weapon.

For the high-level ones, Ning Fan knew that he had no foundation and was unlikely to be cast at present, and for the low-level sword casting, he felt that it was necessary to learn it, since he had decided to learn this Yilong Thunder Light Sword, this step was indispensable, so learn it well.

With a decision in his heart, Ning Fan took a serious look at the low-level sword-casting technique.

This low-level sword-casting method is explained with a bronze sword as an example. The basic method of making a copper sword is casting, and there are generally five processes in casting a copper sword.

1. Making, that is, making a model for casting. The sword fan is mostly shaped with mud, and then put into the kiln to be dried by fire, and then trimmed, the texture is like pottery, so it is called clay fan or pottery fan. The model is based on the design of the copper sword, and whether the shape of the copper sword can meet the design requirements, regular and harmonious, symmetrical and beautiful, depends on whether the model is fine. The model should also lay the foundation for future decoration, such as the patterns and famous texts cast on the sword body, which must be carved out of the opposite lines of yin and yang on the inner wall of the sword fan in advance. In fact, the first step in the decoration of the bronze sword was carried out on the paradigm.

For this step, Ning Fan felt that it was not too difficult, practicing his subtle control ability and the power of his divine sense, as long as he practiced a few more times, he could do it.

After thinking about it in his mind, Ning Fan didn't start making a model right away, but continued to look at it.

Second, the material of the sword is bronze, and bronze is an alloy of copper and tin or copper and tin and lead. The dosage should be paid attention to, which refers to the proportion of each component in the bronze alloy. Before smelting bronze, copper, tin or copper, tin, lead and other raw materials must be blended according to a reasonable ratio law, which is called dispensing. This is the key link that determines the performance of the copper sword. Within a certain range, the increase of tin content in bronze can correspondingly improve the hardness and strength of the alloy; However, if the tin content exceeds the limit of the combined amount, the bronze alloy becomes very fragile and prone to breakage. Adding a small amount of lead to a bronze alloy can adjust the casting and processing properties of the metal, but too much lead will also reduce the hardness and strength of the alloy. Therefore, only by mixing the components in a reasonable proportion can we obtain a bronze that is both strong and tough for the sword.

For this step, Ning Fan felt that it was not too easy, the softness, hardness, toughness and brittleness of bronze could not be understood without practice. He decided to try a few more times and take notes.

In this appendix, some reference data are given. "Gold has six qi", that is, the proportion of the composition of six types of bronze ware, of which the fourth category is: the big blade is the sword; Three points of gold and tin are one, which means that the bronze alloy is divided into four equal parts, copper accounts for three points, and tin accounts for one point.

Mortal sword casting has neither advanced smelting equipment, pure raw materials, and no accurate testing methods, in this case after a long period of practice, the craftsmen have explored and summarized the ratio of bronze alloy, and has a strong law, the alloy ratio of the cast copper sword will also be different, and the phenomenon of fluctuating up and down the ratio constant.

3. Smelting, after the raw material is stopped, it is loaded into the crucible for refining. The purpose of smelting is to melt copper, tin, lead and other raw materials, and at the same time further remove impurities contained in the raw materials, such as charcoal attached to the raw materials, as well as other metal elements such as oxides, sulfides and iron contained in the raw materials, so that the alloy is pure.

The key to smelting is to observe the heat and judge whether the smelting is mature.

This is described in more detail in the appendix: where gold is cast, gold and tin, black and turbid are exhausted, followed by yellow and white.

Black turbidity is produced by the combustion of charcoal, branches, etc., attached to the raw materials. Yellow and white gas is mainly produced by the melting of tin with a low melting point first, and at the same time, other things contained in the raw material also form flue gas of different colors.

Yellow and white are exhausted, followed by blue and white; Ning Fan could also understand this, as the temperature rose, the blue flame color of the copper melt was mixed in a little, so there was a blue and white gas.

The green and white qi is exhausted, and the green qi is secondary; No matter how high the temperature is, the copper will be melted, and the amount of copper will be greater than that of tin. Moreover, the flame color is pure, indicating that too many impurities in the raw material have vaporized and run away, and the remaining residue can be removed.

The pin is ripe and ready to be cast.

These sequences are also the summary of the experience of the long-term practice of mortal craftsmen, and later people used "perfect fire" to refer to kung fu proficiency, which originated here.

To improve the quality of the bronze alloy, mortal craftsmen also smelted copper tin several times to further remove impurities.

When Ning Fan saw this, he felt that this thing had some similarities with that alchemy, remembering that the last time he was refining with Feng Danshi, so many medicines also needed to be constantly refined and fused, how similar was it to this smelting?

If this is the case, is it possible to refer to the "Encyclopedia of Basic Medicinal Materials" given by Master Feng Danshi when learning this sword-casting technique.

Thinking like this in his heart, Ning Fan looked at it again.

Fourth, casting, the smelted and mature bronze liquid is poured into the sword fan, and after it cools and solidifies, the copper sword is formed.

5. Post-casting processing. The bronze sword cast by Fan is only a blank, and the surface is rough, so after removing the casting fan, the following repair processing must be carried out.

Scrape and grind to make the surface smooth and smooth.

Decoration, such as inlaying glazed and turquoise in the grooves of the cast pattern, or inlaying red copper, gold and silver wires, and even further engraving of the pattern on the table. Inlay error is a very common decoration process at that time, it is on the surface of the bronze cast or carved out of the pattern, and then embedded with gold, silver, copper wire, with the wrong stone to polish the surface, that is, to show a vivid image of bright colors and clear lines.

This step is especially important when refining swords at an advanced level, but it is not just about decoration, but about carving the runes of the magic circle on the sword blank. To a certain extent, this step is the most critical time for advanced sword forging techniques.

As for how to depict the magic circle runes, it was only mentioned in this low-level sword-casting technique, but it was not elaborated.

After that, there is the attachment of the device, which is equipped with a sword; Sharpen the edge.

In this way, the production of the bronze sword is finally completed. But in the process of use, the sword must be repaired from time to time, which is divided into sharpening and sprinkling, sharpening is the meaning of scraping and sharpening; Sprinkling refers to sharpening the knife and sprinkling it with water, which generally refers to repairing the sword.

At the end of the appendix, the sword-forging process is summarized in a short paragraph: Punishment Fan Zheng, Jin Ximei, Gong Ye Qiao, Fire Qide, Dissecting and Mo Xie. However, if you don't peel off and don't stiffen, you can't break the rope; Peel it off, and if it is strong, it will be distorted, and the cow and horse will suddenly be heard.

Seeing this, Ning Fan finally finished reading the low-level part of this sword-casting technique, but as for the high-level part in the back, he didn't look at it. He knew that that part needed more and more complex knowledge and experience as a foundation, and with his current ability, he couldn't do it, so it was better to learn the lower part first.

At this time, Ning Fan was very interested in this sword-forging technique. He has divine consciousness and alien fire, whether it is a low-level sword-forging or a high-level sword-casting, he has certain conditions. At this time, Ning Fan even felt that this sword-forging technique seemed to be tailor-made for him.

At this time, Ning Fan really decided to temporarily abandon the alchemy technique and study this sword-forging technique wholeheartedly.

As long as he learns this sword-casting technique well, he can truly achieve the sword character, and then he will be able to body the sword heart, condense the sword soul, and cast the heart sword, and the heart sword will be completed, presumably his strength can be greatly improved, and then go to this Yi Dragon Sword Technique and Thunder Light Sword Technique, which must be much stronger than that Zhang Jin's spiritual skills.

With a decision in his heart, he decided to forge a bronze sword first to practice his hands.