France

After the bourgeois republican government had suppressed the June Revolution, it began to play tricks again.

In order to win over interest groups, the bourgeois government chose to compromise with the monarchists and the clergy. First the economic program of the bourgeois republicans was abandoned, and then the fiscal and taxation system of the July Dynasty was restored.

On July 3, the French government announced the abolition of the railway state plan; On July 11, the French government reinstated high taxes on newspapers and publishing houses; On August 9, the French government began restricting freedom of the press and assembly......

None of this is a big deal, there is no pain for ordinary people, and some of the policies help to consolidate the regime. The next thing the French government did was to really die.

On August 30, the French government began to implement a surtax decree of 45 centimetres;

On September 6, the French government announced the abolition of the 8-hour working day and extended the working time to 12~14 hours;

On September 7, the French government announced the repeal of the Labour Protection Act and the Minimum Wage Guarantee Act......

The French government has raised taxes and repealed laws to protect the interests of the working class, which naturally aroused the dissatisfaction of the broad masses of the French people.

The French people are not easy to bully, and the workers and peasants whose interests have been damaged will naturally revolt, and starting from 9 parts, there have been workers' and peasants' uprisings in 23 provinces.

With such a dead government, in the next presidential election, the French people will naturally use their votes to make the bourgeois government bastard.

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon III) miraculously received 75% of the vote, knowing that according to Article 44 of the French Constitution, no one who has ever lost his French citizenship can be elected president.

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte not only lost his citizenship and became a Swiss citizen, but also served as a special police officer for the United Kingdom. However, such a person actually became the president of France.

It is also hilarious to say that the aristocracy, naturally opposed to the republican government, voted for Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, whom they thought was impossible; The bourgeoisie, whose interests had been damaged in the revolution, also gave the votes to Louis Bonaparte.

These obviously did not constitute an absolute majority, but after a turmoil, the French peasants, once again remembering the good life of Napoleon's time, supported Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte.

Of course, the story behind this is not so simple, and Louis Napoleon Bonaparte's ascension to the throne is indispensable to his own efforts.

He proclaimed himself the heir of his uncle Napoleon I, a staunch defender of "national unity", and he also presented a demagogic programme to all classes, making tempting promises:

He promised Catholics "freedom of religion";

Workers were assured of "eradication of unemployment", "amnesty for arrested June insurgents", "implementation of labor protection laws", "introduction of an eight-hour workday";

"eradicating poverty" by assuring farmers of "reduced taxes" and "protection of private ownership of small land";

"low-interest loans", "tax cuts" to appease the bourgeoisie, and so on.

But in secret, Bonaparte went about developing his henchmen; collusion with monarchists and clerical factions; Bought Molay and Thiers, re-enacted his henchman Percini, and used the royalist's "Committee of the Rue de Poitiers" to serve himself.

He spared no expense of a large amount of money, not only spending 300,000 francs himself, but also withdrawing 1 million francs from a bank manager in England to set up newspapers and periodicals, publish pamphlets, compose music, and so on to create public opinion for his election campaign and defeat his opponents.

Having been financed by the British, the government of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte had to fall to the government of London for the rest of its reign.

The ascension of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte to power meant the beginning of a new infighting in the French government and marked a possible new twist and turn in Franco-Austrian relations.

Vienna

"Your Majesty, as soon as the French President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte was elected, he tore up the Franco-Austrian Secret Treaty on the grounds that the French government was peace-loving, and I am afraid that it would be ill-intentioned towards the Empire." Metternich said with a frown

It was not easy to win over the French with a Faomiyo, and it was ruined by Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte.

Franz thought for a moment and said: "The Franco-Austrian secret treaty is in the interests of the French, even if the best opportunity to carve up the Kingdom of Sardinia is lost, the presence of the Franco-Austrian alliance can help the French government open up the diplomatic dilemma."

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was not a fool, he was so eager to tear up the treaty, I am afraid there are other factors behind it, check to see if the British are playing tricks. ”

John Bull was so unpopular that he became the object of suspicion in the first place.

"Yes, Your Majesty." Metternich replied

At this time, Austria faced a relaxed international environment, and even if the French tore up the treaty, it would not be harmless for Austria.

Since Franz came to power, the Austrian government has deepened the Russian-Austrian alliance and further developed Anglo-Austrian relations.

The British also had a motive to sabotage Franco-Austrian relations, and the current British Empire is no longer the Great Britain of thirty years ago.

As their strength grows, their political ambitions naturally increase. If Austria had established the Vienna system again, they would still have been excluded from European politics.

From the point of view of interests, the Vienna system stabilized the European continent for thirty years, and Austria was completely making a wedding dress for the British.

Without the restraint of European affairs, the British had the ability to expand abroad and build a huge colonial empire.

"Your Majesty, if the British do it, are we going to retaliate?" Prime Minister Felix asked thoughtfully

"It's a long time coming, and I'll talk about it when I have another chance in the future." Franz replied calmly

At this time, Austria was not afraid of the British Empire, it was excluded from the European continent for a long time, and there were Russians competing with them for hegemony, and the British did not have the prestige of later generations.

According to the code of conduct of the great powers, if something like this happens, it must be revenge. It's just that Franz is not a person who is willful, and revenge against Britain and France can not obtain practical benefits at all, except for a breath of air.

It's better to keep it in mind first, leave this excuse, and wait for the future to be profitable, and then stumble on them.

……

Paris

After tearing up the Francomito, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte began to regret it.

The plot against Italy was the need of the interests within France, and the Franco-Austrian Treaty was only the first step for them, since France would have now occupied half of the Kingdom of Sardinia had it not been for the June Revolution.

Now that he has torn up this secret pact in favor of French interests, it has naturally caused dissatisfaction among many people, which is undoubtedly worse for Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, who was in dire need of consolidating power.

The support of the British is indeed important, but no matter how important it is, it does not outweigh the benefits. If these interest groups are not satisfied, he, the elected president, may still get out.

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte's power was still very powerful, promising interest groups to return to Italy, and on the other hand, he introduced some positive reform policies, such as the abolition of the republican government surtax decree and the reduction of taxes on newspapers and publishing houses......

At the same time, he did not forget to improve diplomatic relations abroad, and in addition to hugging the thighs of the British, he also sent the Marquis of Trenwell to visit European countries to prepare for the restoration.