Chapter XVII
Franz just made trouble for Prussia, and the Austrian government would not invest too many resources in it, and the most important thing now was to develop the country.
At the same time as the Prussian-Danish war broke out again, the Russian-Austrian negotiations also came to an end, and after nearly half a year of efforts, the two countries finally reached an agreement on their respective interests.
On March 21, 1849, Austrian Ambassador to Russia Wessenberg and Russian Foreign Minister Karl Vorsselrod signed the Russo-Austrian Trade Agreement in St. Petersburg.
Treaty content:
1. The two countries are mutually favored nation treatment, and the tariffs on commercial transactions shall not exceed those of the third country;
2. The two countries have formed a strategic trade partnership and followed the principle of free trade; (A war breaks out between one side and a third country, and trade between the two sides continues as usual)
3、……
Obviously, these hasty commercial and trade agreements are not the result of the efforts of the two governments for half a year, and what really deserves the attention of both sides is the secret agreements signed, including the "Russian-Austrian Military Alliance" and the "Russian-Austrian Division of Forces."
The content of the "Russian-Austrian Military Alliance":
1. From the date of the signing of the treaty, the two countries shall formally conclude a military alliance;
2. If one side is invaded by foreign military forces, it shall be deemed to have declared war on both sides;
3. When a party declares war on a third country, it may request assistance from the other party, including material aid and military aid;
4、……
There is no doubt that the Russo-Austrian Military Alliance is a continuation of the Berlin Convention, and even a step further, except that Prussia is not a signatory.
Because of the Prussian-Danish War, Nicholas I was very uninterested in the Kingdom of Prussia, and the outbreak of this war also marked the end of the era of the "Three Northern Courts".
Compared with the military alliance, the "Russian-Austrian division of forces" is the cornerstone of the alliance between the two countries, and the two countries take what they need and get everything they need.
The treaty states:
1. Austria recognizes the full sovereignty of the Russian Empire over the Black Sea straits, the Dardanelles Strait and the coastal lands; (including Constantinople, Asia Minor, and parts of the Balkans)
2. Austria recognizes the interests of the Russian Empire in the Far East;
3. The Austrian government recognized the interests of the Russian Empire in Central Asia;
4. The Austrian government recognized the rights and interests of the Russian Empire in Persia;
5. The two countries jointly divide the interests of the Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean;
6. The Russian Empire recognized Austria's sovereignty over the South German region;
7. The Russian Empire recognized Austrian interests in the Danube Valley;
8. The Russian Empire recognized Austrian interests in the Italian region;
9. The Russian Empire recognized the benefits of Austria's overseas colonies;
……
The agreement between the two sides is very clear: you support us in obtaining the Black Sea coast, I support you in annexing the South German states, and we will work together to divide the hegemony of the Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean.
Outside of these core interests, support each other as long as there is no conflict of interest between the two sides.
Russia and Austria agreed on their own expansion, which also meant that the British-led Straits Convention was nullified, and without Austria's support, it was difficult for Britain and France to suppress the ambitions of the Russians in the Near East.
According to the agreement between the two sides, Austria will receive the South German region, the Bosnian region, most of Serbia, and most of Romania and Bulgaria.
In terms of territorial area, it is less than half that of the Russians; From the perspective of economic development, the two sides are even more incomparable.
At this time, the Black Sea coast was developed, and the essence of the Ottoman Empire was here, while Austria had no time to develop other areas except for South Germany.
Looking at the comparison of the benefits of the two sides, Franz also understood why the Russian Olympics turned around in history, the Russians took too much, and the Austrian government was red-eyed.
More critically, once the Russian ambitions were achieved, the Austrian Empire could no longer sleep well.
Originally, Franz thought that the interests of the Black Sea straits would satisfy the appetite of the Russians, and at most half of the Balkan Peninsula would be added, but it turned out that he was wrong, and the Russians also encircled the Asia Minor peninsula.
Since the hairy bear's appetite was so good, he certainly didn't mind pushing it, Austria recognized that Russia had acquired Asia Minor, and the Russians made concessions of interests in the Balkans.
Franz didn't care about the Balkan sphere of influence agreed upon by the two sides, it was good to be able to get it, but it didn't matter if he couldn't get it, as long as he occupied Belgrade.
The current Austrian Empire does not have such a good appetite, and it can be supported by one bite of it, if it were not for the fact that the population of the Balkan Peninsula was not large at this time, he would not dare to touch it.
However, if Austria's appetite is too small, it is estimated that the Russians will still wonder if there is a conspiracy behind it.
Franz boldly guessed that this great victory was being celebrated in the St. Petersburg court at this time.
Historically, the Russians dismantled the Straits Convention, but sent troops to help Austria suppress the Hungarian rebellion.
At this time and space, there was no chaos in the Austrian government, and the rebellion was dealt with by itself, so naturally there was no need for help, and there was no way to talk about compensation.
If there was the "Straits Convention", the Crimean War would not have been fought later, and the Russians would not have been able to single out Britain, France and Austria.
This is also the reason why Austria was not human inside and outside after the betrayal of the Russians in history. In the eyes of Britain and France, the war would not have been fought at all if it had not been for Austria's initial laissez-faire towards the Russians.
"Your Majesty, we have suffered too much from this treaty, and once it becomes a reality, the Russians will have no one to control it!" Prime Minister Felix said with a frown
The annexation of South Germany was led by him, the chancellor, but after seeing the price of compromise with the Russians, he regretted it.
"If the Russians don't get bigger, will we have a chance to annex South Germany? Who in Europe wants to see Austria continue to grow? Franz asked rhetorically
Metternich said excitedly: "Your Majesty, it is easy to release the Russians, but it is difficult to block them back.
Besides, can we really annex the states of South Germany?
If the Russians had really occupied these areas, and we had not eaten the South German regions, Austria would have lost its future. ”
Franz said calmly: "Don't be blinded by interests, on the surface this treaty is very beneficial to the Russians, but in fact, do you think the Russians can support this plan with their national strength?"
The Russians want to swallow the Ottoman Empire in one bite this time, and the Sudanese government will definitely resist desperately, and this war will obviously not end in the short term.
The French still have a lot of interests in the Near East, and they cannot allow the Russians to expand, and they will not be able to make the Russians move, and they will unite the French government against foreign enemies.
Not to mention the British, when did they relax their vigilance against the Russians, a competitor, and it was inevitable that they would support the Ottoman Empire, and if they didn't do it, they would have to pull the French into battle together.
Don't look at the strength of the British, it seems that they are all at sea, but they can't stand up to the money, as long as the Ottomans don't die, they can let this war continue.
No matter how good the Russians are, they will be dragged down in the end.
Unless the tsarist government can take advantage of it, after the capture of Constantinople, it will cease all military operations, defend on the spot, and it will not be difficult to hold a fortress city with the national strength of the Russians.
Then the Russians gradually encroached on the Ottoman Empire, and if nothing happened, it was estimated that after thirty or fifty years of hard work, the goal would almost be achieved.
That's a long time, enough for us to do a lot. At that time, the Austrian Empire will not necessarily be weaker than Russia. ”
Speaking of the French, Franz wanted to laugh. In modern times, the Habsburgs are the only ones who are defeated.
The Ottoman Empire cannot be counted, their road to defeat has not yet officially begun, and it is still in a large part of the country.
Since the 18th century, the French have embarked on their path of tragedy, and if anyone pays attention, they will find that the first colonial empire of France at its peak is really thick.
Lost the War for the Austrian Throne and lost the Indian region; lost Canada in the Seven Years' War; After supporting the independence of the United States, the anti-French war broke out in a blink of an eye, and the United States forcibly bought the Louisiana region. ($15 million for 2.6 million square kilometers of land)
This is just the beginning, and if history does not change, the French will lose their rights in Central America, including the Panama Canal, and the French-dominated Egypt......
The French fell and directly fed the British and the Americans, and the latter two empires became world empires by stepping on the shoulders of the French.
Of course, the Habsburgs are also indispensable to this, without their selfless dedication, the British would not have been able to rise, and the Americans naturally need to be said.
Franz finally persuaded the cabinet that of course the treaty had been signed and that it had been completed, and it also played a great role in impetus.
Theoretically, as long as Britain and France were willing to work hard, it would still be difficult for the Russians to realize their ambitions, and the weak nature of the Ottoman Empire was not exposed, and everyone still had expectations for them.
If the Russians had chosen a conservative strategy and fought slowly, they would have nothing to fear.
Thirty or fifty years was enough time for the Austrian Empire to complete industrialization and digest South Germany by the way.