Chapter Seventy-Two: Bearings and Letters

The wisdom of the working people surprised Su You, although the research and development of ball bearings has not yet been successful, but the people of Cheng Shi's two workshops combined, they actually replaced the balls with short cylinders.

Ball bearings, turned into roller bearings! Not to mention the technical difficulty, it also increases the compressive strength of the bearing!

Although roller bearing folding knives are not used, they have fully met the requirements of ball mills!

The next thing, Su You personally made the drawing, so that Cheng Shi and the two families immediately put the bearings into use.

The Cheng family marched to large-scale equipment, opened water canals, and developed a ball mill that could use water energy, with 500 catties of sunrise Guanyin soil mud!

Shijia is still human-driven, the equipment is smaller, but the precision is extremely high, the bearing plus threaded clamp, next to a blade fixture, plus a centimeter-accurate measuring tape, a primitive lathe, appeared in a room in Shijia Iron Workshop!

This is an artifact for machining columns and threads.

After seeing the complex and delicate manual grinding procedures of knives, Su You designed two pieces of equipment for his favorite apprentices, a grinder and a belt grinding machine.

The grinder is easy to understand, that is, the bearing rotates with a round grinding wheel to grind the workpiece.

This thing has actually been used by jade workers for a long time, and it is called Feituo.

However, there is a problem, the rigidity of the grinding wheel will cause the grinding iron to run, and it can only be used for rough grinding.

The belt sanding machine uses two wheels to drive a circular belt to rotate, and the belt is sprayed with glue with a spray gun, and then evenly sprinkled with sand of various thicknesses.

One wheel is adjustable, and the distance between the two wheels can be adjusted after the belt is put on to taut the belt.

Rotate the wheel, the abrasive belt between the wheels moves horizontally, and due to the elasticity of the abrasive belt itself, it can counteract the kind of beating when using the grinding wheel, and the fit is better, which can meet the needs of the grinding plane.

Therefore, after building the sword embryo of five feather flower steel, it is simply a breeze to grind out the delicate sword bar.

Shi Tong is already more filial to this little master than to his own father, these two things are directly related to the output of ironware, this is a leap in growth, two machines, enough to open five new ironware workshops!

On this day, Su Shi and Su You were in the iron workshop, Su You guided Shi Tong, and Su Shi was watching the excitement on the side.

Shi Tong and Su Shi are also familiar with each other: "What's the matter, Dalang, come to see the operation of our workshop every day, and it is only right to study and take the Jinshi exam." ”

Su Shi waved his hand and said disapprehantly: "Ji Kang is a great writer, and he is not the same as striking iron himself, this is an elegant taste." ”

Shi Tong didn't believe it: "Da Lang is right, deceive me into taking a big measure." ”

Su You said with a smile: "This thing is really recorded, Ji Kang tasted and Xiang Xiu forged under the big tree, Zhong Hui was made, Ji Kang did not give a gift, but forged it." Zhong Hui went for a long time, and Kang said, 'What did you hear?' What do you see and go? 'Will say' Hear what you hear, see what you see and go.'" Ignore Zizhan, let's continue to talk about the four fires. ”

"The so-called four fires are the four basic processes of overall heat treatment, which are annealing, normalizing, quenching, and tempering."

"Annealing is to heat the workpiece to an appropriate temperature, adopt different holding times according to the material and the size of the workpiece, and then carry out slow cooling, with the aim of making the internal structure of the metal reach or close to equilibrium, and obtain good process performance and use performance."

"For example, if you want to increase the toughness, ductility and elasticity of iron sheets, you need to use this process, in fact, you should be familiar with it."

Shi Tong said: "Yes, the annealed iron sheet will become very soft. ”

Su You nodded: "The second is called normalizing, which is to heat the workpiece to a suitable temperature and then cool it in the air, without the insulation process of annealing, the effect obtained is also very similar to annealing, but the structure in the iron is finer, and it is often used to improve the cutting performance and elasticity of the material, which is very important for us to build feather pattern steel." ”

"Once the feather pattern steel is formed, it can no longer be forged, otherwise it will change the shape of the pattern texture, so it can only be ground and cut."

"If the steel is too hard, it will be much more difficult to polish, so it needs to be softened first and then processed, which requires the normalization process."

Shi Tong nodded: "The two fires in the back are the process of making the feather steel harden again, right, Master?" ”

Su You said: "Yes, but we only require the blade part to be hardened, and the sword stem part must retain a certain toughness, so that the sword is not easy to break, so it needs to be quenched in different ways." ”

"You've already used the old method, and that's ......"

Shi Tongfu to the soul: "Cover the earth and burn the blade!" ”

Su You said: "Yes, in this way, the blade part cools quickly and the hardness increases, and the covering part cools slowly, and the hardness is not as good as the blade, but the toughness is excessive." ”

Shi Tong grinned: "I'm familiar with this, but I don't know this name." ”

Su You said: "The steel sword obtained in this way is still brittle, and the short blade is such as a folding knife, which is no problem, but as a two-foot-four-inch magic sword, in order to reduce the brittleness of the steel, it is also necessary to keep the quenched steel sword at an appropriate temperature higher than the room temperature and lower than the honeycomb coal furnace for a long time, and then cool, this process is called tempering." ”

Shi Tong exclaimed: "Master is really the reincarnation of Ouye, with these four fires and five magic swords, he can be described as a god soldier in the world, right?" ”

Su You smiled: "Don't be too happy, there is a problem with heat treatment, that is, repeated high temperatures, which can easily lead to decarburization of the surface of the steel sword." We have said before that the amount of carbon in iron is directly related to hardness. ”

Shi Tong couldn't laugh all of a sudden: "Then how do you get it?" ”

Su Shi picked up a small iron ball and flicked him: "Stupid! Wouldn't it be better to leave some surplus before processing, and then grind off the decarburized layer after it is done? Mingrun: What I said is right? ”

Su You said with a smile: "It's just a sword, and it's not an object that requires extraordinary precision and immutability!" Zizhan is right. ”

"The usefulness of science and technology is to guide production. There are many ways to get what you want. But through the simplest way, to get the best quality and the most quantity of products, is the pursuit of science and engineering - efficiency. ”

"Remember, this is a practical science. If you can think of changing ball bearings to roller bearings, you've done a very good job. This line of thinking must be maintained, and it must be carried forward! ”

This is a little guy from the Cheng family running at the door: "Little master, the little heavenly master has a letter!" ”

Su You took the letter and read it, and handed it to Su Shi: "It's not a fuel-efficient lamp." ”

Su Shi opened the letter and saw that it was written: "The virtuous deed is like a face: a farewell by the river, a short and ten days, such as every three autumns." ”

"The law of the elemental cycle, my brother pondered day and night, and mixed experiments, and gradually became foolish."

"Cover iron and oxygenation, and deserve three things: if one color is blue, it is iron and three oxygen four; One is ochre, and it should be iron dioxide. However, when there is something else, it is iron dioxide, but the experiment is not successful, I don't know if it is not, I hope my brother will tell me. ”

"In addition, because the Chinese characters are too complicated, the brother is to follow the brother's method, take the Taoist runes, and make another table. Its text is based on the physical nature of yin and yang, and it is good at writing and remembering. Brother is sincere, when the day is watched, he will know that his brother does not want to blaspheme, but wants to take away the merit of his brother. ”

"After the attached table, I hope that my brother will not hesitate to Islam."

A strange symbol was added to the back, which should be Zhang Tianshi's unique signature.

Su Shi looked at the form attached to the letter and asked, "What is it?" I don't understand...... Well, wait, this first rune should be the Qi of the Pure Ascendant...... And this one, woody and earthy, quirky, very quirky......"

Su You saw what Su Shi was referring to, first hydrogen, then carbon, as if he had seen a ghost: "You...... Can you see it? ”