Chapter 161 Inspection Law

Li Bing said: "The minister does not dare to deceive Your Majesty. ”

Zhu Qizhen said: "I remember that Ninghua County is a county that has changed the law of officials, and I also saw the inspection law presented by Li Dongyang a few days ago. Have you seen it? ”

Li Bing said: "The minister has seen it, but Li Dongyang is young and shallow, and he doesn't know much, and the inspection method he presented is full of loopholes and is useless." ”

Zhu Qizhen was very interested in what Li Dongyang said.

The original inspection department of the Ming Dynasty itself has administrative and military attributes, generally speaking, a patrol inspection department is no more than 100 people, and the soldiers are also militia members, and they can even be said to be archers. There is a certain obligation.

Most of them assisted the army in suppressing bandits, or after the army had withdrawn, they held the place.

It is necessary to listen to the command of the guard post and the greeting of the local government and county, and from the top of power, it is subordinate to the jurisdiction of the military department.

But the problem is that if it weren't for Zhu Qizhen's large-scale rectification, the system of the Daming Guard would have been extremely unbearable, and even now, Zhu Qizhen's combat effectiveness of the Inland Guard Station is also doubtful.

The only thing he could rely on was the 400,000 troops in the Beijing camp within his sight. This is what Zhu Qizhen relies on to control the world.

This is still the case in the health office, not to mention the inspection department.

There is never a shortage of personnel in the inspection department. At one time, the Inspection Department was even a place where prisoners were assigned and prisoners were allowed to serve as soldiers.

Moreover, the inspection department is not available in every prefecture and county, only in the traffic points, or along the Yangtze River, the seaside, the inspection department is a little more.

The inspection law proposed by Li Dongyang requires every county to set up inspections and directly control an armed force to crack down on local crimes and bandits.

If the county is too large, more inspections can be arranged in a county.

The reason why this is the case seems to be that there is nothing to do in the place, but if you look closely, there are bandits in almost every county, as well as wealthy families, such as the Huang family.

And the deeper you are in the mountains and forests, the more you are.

In that is, the difficulty of mobilizing the army.

In the Ming system, the guard and the county are parallel.

If the prefecture and county want to mobilize the army, they can only play. Zhu Qizhen set up a governor to lead the three divisions, which allowed the three divisions to be unified together.

The command of the army is the business of the metropolitan command department, and the prefectural and county system is the business of the political department.

That is to say, if there are bandits in a certain county, if you want to exterminate them, either the county will order itself to organize the people to contribute, and where do the real ordinary people have any manpower and material resources, that is, the local gentry's family or force, or report it to the province and ask the governor to nod.

The former is very difficult, and not every county order can be good at dancing with long sleeves and coordinating everything.

And the latter. But no one wants to do it.

Without him, he has to report to the province. When the governor saw it, his first impression was

It's the county that doesn't do well.

As a result, although the Ming Dynasty is full of bandits, in addition to the official roads and some major rivers, there are never many murders and goods in most places. Where there are bandits, the people know about them, but in the court's report, there has never been.

Of course, most of these are sitting bandits.

These bandits even have some tacit understanding with local officials.

But Li Dongyang broke this window paper.

The solution he gave was to ask each county to control a certain amount of force, take this as the core, and requisition the people to strengthen the people and use them to suppress bandits.

At the same time, the authority of some inspections has also been increased.

In the Ming system, inspections include inspection guides, crackdowns on illegal salt, tea, and other things.

Li Dongyang intends to incorporate the inspection department into the regular institutions under the jurisdiction of the county government. and transform it.

Generally speaking, a county is in charge of Confucianism, inspection department, post station, tax bureau, river berth, warehouse, and other officials.

There are also officials such as county officials, canons, chief books, and cangs.

However, except for Confucianism, the rest of these institutions are not permanent, and some counties and some counties do not, and there are no certain rules. And each county has six departments, but they are all in charge of the officials.

In the real grassroots operation, the legal policy of the imperial court, when it comes here, it means that there are policies and countermeasures.

And there are still many difficult things to solve at the grassroots level, and the county order cannot only rely on the prestige of the imperial court, but must have real force. What Li Dongyang encountered was one of them.

In fact, Zhu Qizhen has also seen a lot of them, and many local officials have died inexplicably.

Many magistrates died in office and were killed by thieves, but counting these thieves, there were not many of them, but only a few hundred, or even a little less.

Zhu Qizhen agrees with Li Dongyang's point in principle.

In Zhu Qizhen's view, Li Dongyang's reformed inspection system is actually similar to that of the police. It is also conducive to Zhu Qizhen to mix private goods into it.

It's just that Zhu Qizhen didn't expect that Li Bing would deny it so neatly.

Zhu Qizhen said: "Oh, I would like to hear about it. ”

Li Bing said: "The minister has been a second official below, and he is very clear about the situation in the prefecture and county, I don't know if Your Majesty knows about the white servants?" ”

Zhu Qizhen said: "I have heard a little. ”

The so-called white labor is a temporary worker.

The imperial court did not completely ignore the officials, and almost every county had a quota for the officials. Those within the quota are called regular service, and those outside the quota are called white service.

The regular service still has money for work, food, and silver, but the white service has nothing, and even some places need to pay secretly to be able to serve as a white servant. After becoming a white servant, he doesn't need to be on duty in the yamen, he only needs this identity to announce to many people: "There are people in the yamen." ”

Just the identity, you can get I don't know how many benefits.

Li Bing said: "How can the ministers not know the harm of the officials, but it is true that the harm of the regular service is limited, and the harm of the white service is endless. ”

"Today's change from a clerk to a clerk seems to be a perfect law. For example, in the Tianjin government, there are more than 2,300 officials, which is not much more than the number of regular service and white service at the beginning, and now they are all included in the expenses of the imperial court, not to mention that he will have white labor in the future. Just talking about the implementation of the world, there are more than 1,000 officials in large counties and hundreds of officials in small counties. As a minister, the number of counties in the world, the number of officials, when the crowd of 600,000, after His Majesty streamlined the troops, the Ming Dynasty has a number of 1.7 million soldiers and horses, and the number of young people is often in the hundreds of thousands, plus relatives, palaces, nobles, vassal kings, with hundreds of millions of people in the world, and three million people are poor, and it is to exhaust the people's strength in the world. ”

"It is possible to do it for a while, but it will not be possible to do it in the world, and if it is for all generations, the number of officials will definitely increase dramatically, and after a hundred years, how many officials in the world will not dare to think. Once the internal and external worries are affected today, how can the imperial court support it?

Not to mention the extra inspections. ”

"The law of the ancestral system has its own profound meaning, please think twice."

Li Bing's objections, Zhu Qizhen is not unaware.

First of all, Li Bing looked at it from the perspective of an agrarian society.

In an agrarian society, the best thing is that a husband does not plow, and a husband starves. A woman does not weave, and a family has no clothes. So do everything you can to reduce the non-productive population.

Otherwise, society will not be able to support it.

Even the severe famine at the end of the Republic of China was not necessarily a natural disaster, and a large part of it was a man-made disaster, and a large area of farmland in the south of the Yangtze River was planted with mulberry trees to raise silkworms. Songjiang is covered by vegetation, and most of the cotton needed also comes from Shandong.

The land that produced a large amount of food was converted to other areas.

In the original agrarian society, the number of officials in the imperial court should not be too large, and it is also right. Because I can't afford it.

But in an industrial society, that's not a problem.

At present, there are 7 million civil servants in China and more than 30 million business departments. If you count the unknown number of temporary workers, some say there are as many as 80 million.

Today, the country has a population of 1.3 billion. What is the population of Daming?

In the last Qingzhang, the number of households was more than 150.8 million, and the number of people was 70 million, which was more than the previous 9 million households, and there were more than 1.8 million households at once, and the number of people was as much as 10 million.

The reason why there is such a big change, on the one hand, is that the Qingzhang presided over by Zhu Qizhen is generally more effective. The other is the addition of Cochin, and Haidong Province, each of which has hundreds of thousands of households, which is equivalent to one province in China.

That's why there is such a big increase. But Zhu Qizhen didn't think that this was the real population of the Ming Dynasty. There's a lot more out of the stats.