T-Scroll Section 64 Groundbreaking and thought-provoking
"Some people may say, is there any bank shop that can lend them money? A shipyard is not three or five hundred taels of silver can be sent, even a few thousand taels may not be able to do it, not to mention that the silver bank money shop has never had this kind of business. ”
Feng Ziying continued to ask and answer herself: "The opinion of the lower officials is that the household department of the imperial court should take the lead in setting up such a silver village, absorb the wealthy businessmen and gentry from all over the country to take shares, and then use this share capital to lend money,......
Feng Ziying's words stirred up a storm in the hall again, and this time, although Zhang Huaichang's might did not make all the officials silent.
Even the elder Li Tingji couldn't help but say in a deep voice: "Ziying, this is not appropriate, right?" The imperial court came to lead the lending, what kind of system did this become? Hasn't the imperial court become like those profiteers who put money in print? This is not even competing with the people for profit, but purely seeking profit, which is the biggest damage to the prestige of the imperial court! This example must not be opened! ”
Li Tingji's viewpoint won the support of the vast majority of officials in the palace, and all the officials clamored for opposition.
It is really shocking that this imperial court came to set up a silver village and then lend, and unlike the Western concept, the eastern imperial court cannot compete with the people for profit.
Moneylenders are not only despised among merchants, but of course this has a lot to do with the high interest rates of moneylenders.
For example, the law of the Great Zhou stipulates that the monthly interest on loans shall not exceed three points, and the crime shall be punished if it exceeds three points, and the interest on the loan shall not exceed the principal, but in fact, in private lending, even large loans between relatives and friends are never less than two points, and three points are the most common, and more than three points also abound.
Such a high interest rate also makes businessmen extremely cautious in borrowing, and they can fall into the debt quagmire if they are not careful.
Feng Ziying also realized that it would be difficult to reverse the views of these people at once, but he had to put forward this opinion, so that these people had such a consciousness, as for the establishment of such a silver village to support, he did not expect the imperial court to let go all of a sudden.
"Lord Li, maybe you misunderstood Xiaguan's thoughts, Xiaguan said before, the establishment of Yinzhuang and lending is to support the development of these livelihoods, like the shipbuilding industry itself has a huge investment, ordinary businessmen are definitely unwilling to leave their most familiar local area to develop, because the unpredictable risk is too great, so to alleviate their worries, it must be supported from many aspects, this kind of loan support is just one aspect, and Yinzhuang lending is not for that little money,......"
Feng Ziying explained calmly, but it was clear that it was difficult to convince.
"Ziying, if the imperial court uses this way to support and support, wouldn't it be the same as the imperial court directly sending money to these merchants?" Li Tingji shook his head, his eyes gloomy, "This is different from what you said at the beginning. ”
"If the household department of the imperial court is unwilling to contribute, it doesn't matter, it only needs to be said by the imperial court that the imperial court will support the development of these industries, encourage and support private businessmen to set up such a silver village to support this kind of industry that is beneficial to the national economy and people's livelihood, I think it can still be done, of course, for such a silver village, the imperial court must have relevant policy support,......
Li Tingji was not easy to fool, and then asked: "Ziying, your imperial court wants to support a little vague, how to support it?" Don't take the money from the household to fill it, right? ”
Feng Ziying smiled bitterly, "Of course not, if Master Li wants to ask for specific details, the lower officials can also talk about it,......"
Li Tingji glanced at Ye Xianggao, and then saluted Emperor Yonglong, "Your Majesty, the minister thinks that since it is the court's accountant, he might as well make many affairs clear one by one, so as not to go down in the future, and some people in the court will wonder if someone is privately teaching each other behind his back, if so, today's court meeting can be determined, if not, then it must be made clear, so as not to make all kinds of gossip in the future,......"
Obviously, Li Tingji has received some instructions and is unwilling to let go of this issue easily.
To be precise, Ye Fang and the others were not worried about Zheng Jizhi, the head of the household department, and were worried that this guy would have to make a deal with Emperor Yonglong and Qi Yongtai and other northern scholars.
Zheng Jizhi himself is a native of the North, and he is old, he can already be Zhishi, if this guy thinks that he is going to Zhishi anyway, at this time, he has to make a contribution to the north, and he must use the power held by the household department to the extreme to support it, then he will really make a hole for the court in the future.
Emperor Yonglong thought for a while, and finally said, "Ziying, just talk about it." ”
Feng Ziying glanced at Li Tingji, although Li Tingji had a good impression of him, but it was impossible to give in easily to such things, Feng Ziying also found it interesting and nodded, "The intention of the lower official is that if the imperial court can let the household department open an account in this silver village and deposit the household silver in this silver village, then it should be regarded as the greatest support for this silver village." ”
One stone stirred up a thousand waves, and put the household department, that is, the treasury account of the Great Zhou court, in this silver village? How?! This Feng Ziying is crazy?!
There was an uproar in the hall, but Feng Ziying didn't care, he knew that it would definitely cause huge controversy, questioning and even opposition.
If you don't have a stake in the imperial court, it will be difficult to gain enough credibility, and it will be much more difficult to set up such a bank, of course Feng Ziying has to make a request.
"Ziying, I'm afraid you've gone a little too far, right?" Fang Congzhe couldn't help it, "If the household bank is stored in this silver village, according to your assumption, it will be used to lend money to support the so-called industries that are beneficial to the national economy and people's livelihood, if the household department urgently needs the silver two, what should it do?" ”
"Lord Fang, of course, the silver village I hope to set up is not just as simple as lending, but also the establishment of the silver village, the deposit and loan of the silver will also have a reserve fund problem, in fact, the silver and silver in the bank are more of a backup guarantee, to ensure that in the special period will not let the silver village have problems with the payment and lose credibility, this is more complicated,......
I know that it is difficult to explain the basic profit model of modern banks to these people who lack modern financial knowledge, but if you don't explain it to them, they will never understand the mystery.
In fact, in the West, this kind of bank for exchanging deposits and loans had already taken shape in the twelfth century, and more than twenty years ago there was a real commercial bank in Italy.
However, in the Great Zhou, those money shops and silver villages are still closely connected with pawnshops, basically mainly to offset pawns, and the business of exchanging and charging handling fees has not appeared for many years, and it is still in a slow and stagnant embryonic state, and even suffered from a lot of resistance and distrust.
This can be seen from the attitude of the Xue family's pawnshop towards this kind of money shop and silver village.
"......, let me give you an example, for example, the shareholders of Yinzhuang contributed one million taels, then this million taels is the share capital, and for example, the household deposit of 300,000 taels, well, some other businessmen who are sporadically deposited 700,000 taels in order to facilitate the deposit and exchange, that is, business dealings, then a total of two million taels, then we can theoretically lend one million taels, because this is actually the share capital from the shareholders, and there is no risk that it will be taken away,......"
"......, but in fact, the 300,000 taels of silver from the household department may not be withdrawn for a year, or it may be a month later because of the drought in Shanxi or the flood in Jiangxi that needs silver relief to take out 200,000 or even all of it, in the same way, the silver taels deposited by these merchants will be deposited in Yangzhou this month, and he may have to spend half of the goods he bought in Beijing in the next month, or he will have to pay the other half in Datong to buy horse skins from outside the Saiwai in the next month,......"
......, in the same way, maybe after two months he sold the goods in Luoyang to recover the payment, and continued to deposit, these countless merchants in this constant time staggering, there will always be a considerable part of the silver two accumulation in the silver village, over and over again, over and over ,...... years"
“…… This part of the silver taels seems to be constantly changing, but in fact, if you calculate carefully, you can basically determine an approximate range, for example, there may be five or six hundred thousand taels in one million taels that are constantly deposited and withdrawn, and the remaining hundreds of thousands of taels are accumulated in the silver bank, which is the silver taels that can be used for lending,......, in addition, you can also set up some pre-procedures, such as to withdraw a large amount of silver taels, you must wait for a period of time to notify you, so that the silver bank can prepare to ,......"
Feng Ziying specifically emphasized such a time difference and probability between accesses, which barely made these people understand the truth, but they all felt that it was quite complicated and still too uncertain.
"But Ziying, if everyone comes to withdraw the silver at the same time, and you lend all the silver, how do you deal with it?" Fang Congzhe couldn't help but ask again.
"Lord Fang, this probability is very small, or unless there is a special reason, it is almost impossible, for example, there are a thousand merchants who deposit and withdraw silver taels here, they come from Jingshi, Nanzhi, Shanxi, Huguang, Fujian, and even have no contact with each other and do not know each other, how can they withdraw money at the same time?"
Feng Ziying patiently explained: "Unless it is a specific situation, such as the imperial court thinks that there is a problem with the silver bank, it will be seized, which is why I hope that the household department can buy shares or open an account in the silver village, which is equivalent to lending part of the reputation of the imperial court to the silver village, so that the majority of businessmen can enhance their trust in it, and even if the household department becomes its shareholder, it can also be sent to supervise it to prevent it from abusing money or not conducting business in the direction set at the beginning,......"
Feng Ziying's words echoed in the hall, and it also aroused the deep thinking of the ministers in the entire hall.
This groundbreaking idea is actually not complicated, in a sense, it is actually a layer of paper, and you can understand it when you wear it, but it is just a little bit of inspiration to wear.
As for how to do this, there are still many matters that need to be carefully considered.