Of course, in this era, whether it is the Ming Dynasty or the Qing Dynasty, the management of Macao is still under the concept of restraint and control, so Macao basically belongs to the Yi people in the "Rouyuan Yi", although there is no so-called "sovereignty", but the Portuguese have a large degree of autonomy, and there is a conventional demarcation.

Macao's administrative area is basically bounded by the square ---- St. Paul's Cathedral, with Portuguese and Macao settlements to the south and Chinese settlements to the north.

Of course, this is not entirely the case now, after all, there is no such clear distinction in reality, and the current Macao is actually in a state of "Chinese and foreign mixed living".

In particular, a few years ago, when there were frequent wars on land and water on the Pearl River, Geng Jingzhong and Shang Kexi took turns to enter Lingnan and reach the provincial capital.

In fact, in the old world, it was not until after the Opium War that the place of Macao gradually really belonged to the Portuguese, of course, this was in the old world---- in today's new world, what kind of situation changes will Macao and the Qing Dynasty face in the future, even we ourselves can't tell.

As for Macau's relationship with the Dutch, the largest force in the South Seas, although it is rumored to have had a period of tension. But in fact, it is not necessarily the case, on the whole, the relationship between the two sides is neither good nor bad, the main reason is that the Dutch business direction is different from the Portuguese, the traditional trade route of the Dutch is the South Sea to the mainland Fujian coast and Nagasaki in Japan, so the Penghu Jinxia area is the main aspect of the Dutch concern, Macao for the Dutch, relative to Pengtai, the importance is somewhat insufficient.

Of course, the pressure of the Dutch on Macao is still not small, since the Dutch got rid of the Spanish rule, the Dutch national power has been rising, so the Dutch in Nanyang has been a very strong existence, resulting in Portugal's power in India, Southeast Asia by the Dutch greatly compressed.

Moreover, there is also a religious conflict mixed in, the Catholic Portuguese regard the Dutch Protestants as heretics, and the Protestants, although much more tolerant than the Catholics, are also not welcome Catholics today because of their historical grievances against the Catholics.

In fact, if you only rely on a corner of Macao to compete with the Dutch, it will be very difficult, and the reason why Macao can survive in the cracks is that in addition to the exquisite foreign exchanges on all sides, fortunately, there is a powerful force in the Far East that cannot be ignored to contain the Dutch---- Zheng family.

At present, the conflict between the Dutch and the Zheng family has become increasingly fierce, because the Zheng family has restrained a large part of the Dutch power in the Far East, so that the Dutch cannot draw any decent strength to deal with the Portuguese in Macao, otherwise, it is unknown whether Portugal's Macao can be safe.

About three years earlier, however, a delegation of envoys from the Dutch United Provinces had visited the Imperial Emperor and were received by the Shunzhi Emperor, who had given him gifts such as a table clock, a glass mirror, and a handclap encrusted with precious stones.

Immediately afterwards, the Dutch made a request that the emperor allow them to open some trade ports on the mainland, and wanted the emperor to agree that the foreign trade of the mainland should be led by the Dutch, so as to replace the Portuguese in Macao.

The Portuguese, who knew what the Dutch were thinking, were very nervous for a while, and they were very worried that the Qing court would unite with the Dutch against them.

However, the actual situation a few years later proved that both the Dutch and the Portuguese thought too much, and the Qing Emperor saw the Dutch envoys for only one purpose:

Help deal with the overseas force that is still under the banner of Qianming - the Zheng family.

When the Qing court learned that the Netherlands had a grudge against the Zheng family, the Qing Emperor was very happy to receive the Dutch envoys, and the Dutch were very flexible in the etiquette of the audience.

For ***, the Zheng family is a heart disease of the Qing Dynasty on the southeast coast.

At this time, Zheng Chenggong has fully taken over the huge family business left by his father Zheng Zhilong, and is active in the coastal areas of Fujian, he is under the banner of the Ming Dynasty, occupying a corner of southern Fujian, and the sailors are so strong that even the Dutch are afraid of them.

In a word, the Dutch can be friends, and the Zheng family is a confidant of the imperial court.

For the purpose of the Dutch, the Qing court is also well aware, at this time the Dutch, this with the Zheng family has a grudge against the red Maoyi is fantasizing about opening the mainland market, so he came to kneel and lick the court, this is really want to doze off met the person who sent the pillow, since you Dutch have a request for me, then I will use you fiercely, as for the mainland market, sorry, it is just a bait, it is your naïve fantasy, the market will not give you, as long as the Qing Dynasty is in, it will never be, this is what Emperor Shunzhi knows.

It's just that people don't understand how to tell these stupid and cute Dutchmen.

Historical facts have proved that in the following years, except for a few limited port collective trade, the Dutch did not get any special permission to trade on the mainland, and the fundamental purpose of the Dutch group not only failed to achieve it, but finally set themselves on fire, causing Zheng Chenggong to be more vigilant against the Dutch, and a few years later, even the stronghold in Taiwan was seized by Zheng Chenggong.

However, the Dutch were not yet aware of this at all, and they could not have imagined that a series of seemingly successful diplomatic moves that they thought they had planned would end in a chicken-and-egg fight, and the gains outweighed the losses.

After talking about the Netherlands, let's go back to Macau, about the relationship between the Portuguese in Macao and the old empire of Spain, it can be said that there are thousands of links, Portugal once merged with Spain, or was annexed by Spain, until more than 20 years ago, the country regained its independence.

Although both countries are Catholic countries, there is no fundamental conflict of interest, after all, there is a "papal treaty", and the two sides do their own business, and they are relatively peaceful on weekdays.

But there is no doubt that the Habsburg family in Spain has always been haunted by the recent "separation" of Portugal, and Macao, which is far away from the emperor, has always supported Portuguese independence since the establishment of the port, and has never recognized the Habsburg royal power over Portugal, so the relationship between Macau and Manila is very ordinary now, and they can't even talk about friends.

It's just that because they are facing the gradual encroachment of the region by the powerful Dutch and the rising British, the French, they still have a certain tacit understanding between them---- not to invade each other, but they also do not help each other.

Dr. Zhu's lecture on history ends here, and then Li Junming speaks.

Lawyer Li continued Zhu Beiguo's remarks and emphasized that due to the compulsion of the situation, the Macao authorities are now desperately fighting against the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty is also happy to see a Macao that can provide a large amount of tax revenue and obtain a large number of Western goods---- especially firearms such as cannons, so the two sides are now relatively peaceful, and even compared with the Ming Dynasty, the degree of freedom given to Macao by the Qing Dynasty has been improved.

However, the international environment around Macao still makes the Portuguese feel unacquainted, and the Portuguese actually know very well in their hearts that they can't buy real friendship with the Qing Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty with money, nor can they buy real security, and the fundamental reason is that the Qing Dynasty and the Portuguese in Macao are not all the way at all, and the two sides are simply parallel worlds in terms of values and behaviors.

If there is no intersection of interests between the two sides, Portugal and Qing will not be able to come together, and interests are an elusive variable.

Because, as long as the Qing Dynasty is willing, it is completely possible to let any European force in the South Seas replace the status of Macao, obviously, by the current enemy has not been completely eliminated, the two Guangxi and southwest have not been appeased, and the three feudal forces entrenched in the south have formed a tail that cannot be defeated, so, in this complex situation, the Qing court is of course unwilling to cause another incident, so at present, the two sides are only using each other, but it is indeed peaceful.