Chapter 182: Zhuge Falls

He died before he left the school, which made the hero cry. ---------Tang Dynasty. Du Fu "Shu Xiang"

Saying that, Sima Yi's magnificent life in his brain gradually faded away, and Chen Long finally put down the fearless little Sima and looked at the little Zhuge Liang beside him with clear eyebrows and calm eyes.

Thinking that the food in this Shuijing Xianzhuang was relatively light, Xiao Zhuge Liang glanced at the jerky in Xiao Sima Yi's hand, and then pointed to Chen Long's arms and said, "This gentleman, since he came all the way from afar, he won't favor one over the other, right?" ”

Chen Long laughed and said, "Do you know that I am not kind to you and thin others? As he spoke, he took out all the jerky bags in his arms and shook them.

Zhuge Liang immediately said: "If Mr. gives it all to me, isn't this putting me on the fire to roast?" I'm just like them. "A seven- or eight-year-old child is actually quite a general.

Chen Long naturally took out a piece of jerky and handed it to Xiao Kong Ming. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" has already incorporated the myth of Zhuge Kongming, a beautiful myth that has been passed down through the ages and enjoyed sacrifices for thousands of years. What is the real Zhuge Liang like? Can I be lucky enough to win his favor and cultivate a cabinet chief and prime minister who governs the country well?

Put down a father of the Great Jin Dynasty and pick up a prime minister of Shu Han. The highlights of Zhuge Liang's life once again appeared in his brain, and the ending was embarrassing.

Zhuge Liang, the word Kongming, the number Wolong, Xuzhou Langya Yangdu people. During the Three Kingdoms period, he was an outstanding politician, military strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher, and inventor. In his early years, he went to Jingzhou with his uncle Zhuge Xuan, and after Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang was in Longzhong to plough and wait. Liu Xuande visited the thatched house three times, and then assisted Liu Bei to establish the Shu Han regime. Throughout his life, he boasted that he "did his best and died", and was a representative of loyal ministers and wise men in traditional Chinese culture.

Zhuge Liang was born in the fourth year of Emperor Guanghe of the Han Dynasty (181 AD) in a family of officials in Yangdu County, Langxi County, Zhuge is the Wang family of Langxi, the ancestor Zhuge Feng was a lieutenant of the Western Han Dynasty when Emperor Yuan, Zhuge Liang's father Zhuge Liang did Taishan County Cheng in the late Eastern Han Dynasty; When Zhuge Liang was three years old, his mother Zhang died of illness, and he lost his father when he was eight years old, and his younger brother Zhuge Jun followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan, who was appointed by Yuan Shu as Yuzhang Taishou, to Yuzhang to take office, and the Eastern Han Dynasty court sent Zhu Hao to replace Zhuge Xuan, and Zhuge Xuan had to go to Jingzhou Liu Biao.

In the second year of Jian'an (197 AD), Zhuge Xuan died, Zhuge Liang cultivated in Longzhong, and read "Liang's Father's Yin" on weekdays, and often compared himself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi.

Zhuge Liang had friends with Xiangyang celebrities at that time, such as Sima Hui, Pang Degong, and Huang Chengyan. Huang Chengyan once said to Zhuge Liang: "I heard that you want to choose a wife, there is an ugly girl in my family, with yellow hair and black skin, but her talent can match you." Zhuge Liang promised this family affair and married Huang Yueying. At that time, people used it as a joke for fun, and the township even made a proverb: "Don't be a Kong Ming to choose a woman, just get an ugly girl", but there is also a saying that Huang Yueying herself is extremely beautiful, so she was jealous of other young women in the township and slandered her appearance.

At that time, Liu Bei was attached to Liu Biao and stationed troops in Xinye. Later, when Sima Hui met with Liu Bei, he said: "Those Confucian scholars are all people with shallow knowledge, how can they understand the affairs and situation of the world? Being able to understand the current situation of affairs is a good man. At this time, there were only Wolong (Zhuge Liang) and Phoenix Chick (Pang Tong). Zhuge Liang was recommended by Xu Shu again, Liu Bei hoped that Xu Shu would lead Liang to see him, but Xu Shu suggested: "This person can go to see him, and he can't be bent to come here." Generals should deign to visit. Liu Bei went to visit in person, and went three times to see Zhuge Liang. After meeting Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei asked others to avoid it and asked him: "Now that the Han family is declining, traitorous ministers are doing things under the pretense of the emperor's orders, and the emperor has lost his power. I didn't measure my own virtue and ability, and I wanted to revive the world with righteousness, but I lacked wisdom and strategy, so I often failed until today. However, my ambition is still not settled, is there any plan that my husband can help me? ”

Zhuge Liang is not a fledgling, and he knows that the world is divided into three. then told Liu Beichen about the plan of dividing the world, and analyzed the situation that Cao Cao was not advisable and Sun Quan could help; He also elaborated on the cowardice of the two states of Jing and Yi, and only by owning these two states can they win the world; He also told Liu Bei about the strategy of attacking the Central Plains, known as "Longzhong Pair" in history. Liu Bei praised after hearing this, and invited Zhuge Liang to help, so Zhuge Liang went out of the mountain and entered the scene. Liu Bei often discussed with him, and the relationship became closer and closer. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and the others were very displeased, and Liu Bei explained to them: "I have Kong Ming, just like a fish getting water, I hope you don't talk about it anymore." Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and the others didn't dare to complain anymore. The "Longzhong Pair" proposed by Zhuge Liang was the basic national policy of Liu Bei and Shu Han in the following decades.

In the thirteenth year of Jian'an (208 AD), Liu Biao's wife Liu Qi's stepmother Cai repeatedly slandered, and Liu Biao gradually became displeased with Liu Qi. Liu Qi asked Zhuge Liang several times for advice on the art of self-peace, but every time Zhuge Liang refused, Liu Qi used the method of going up to the house to draw the ladder during a banquet to make Zhuge Liang say a solution, and Zhuge Liang asked Liu Qi rhetorically: "Don't you see that Shen Sheng is in danger when he is inside during the Spring and Autumn Period, but he can be safe when he is heavy?" At that time, Huang Zu was killed by Eastern Wu, and Liu Qi recommended Jiang Xia to protect himself. In August of the same year, Liu Biao died of illness, and his second son Liu Cong succeeded him. After Liu Bei learned about it in Fancheng, he led his army and people to flee south, and Cao's army caught up with and broke Liu's army at Dangyang Changsaka.

Liu Bei was defeated and left Xiakou, and Sun Quan had sent Lu Su to observe the situation before, and suggested to Liu Bei to ask Sun Quan for help, Zhuge Liang recommended himself to Chaisang as a lobbyist and became friends with Lu Su.

After arriving in Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met with Sun Quan and first used the dichotomy to give Sun Quan two choices, "If you can compete with the Central Plains with the military strength of Wu and Yue, it is better to break off diplomatic relations with Cao Cao as soon as possible"; Another option is to provoke the generals, "If you think you can't resist, why don't you stop the military operation and submit to the north!" Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's value, saying that Liu Bei had integrity and would never surrender, in order to show Sun Quan Liu Bei's determination. Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Cao Cao, but he was worried about how many troops Liu Bei still had to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies, first said that there were 10,000 people in the return of the stragglers of the army and Guan Yu's army, plus Liu Qifan's Jiangxia soldiers were not less than 10,000, and then said that the Cao army was tired from afar, and when he chased Liu Bei, he used light cavalry to travel more than 300 miles in one day and one night, which was "the end of the strong crossbow, and it was impossible to wear Lu Mian"; Moreover, the northerners are not accustomed to water warfare, and the people of Jingzhou are forced to obey Cao Cao, not convinced; In the end, it was affirmed that Cao Cao could be defeated. Sun Quan was very happy, and later was persuaded by Lu Su and Zhou Yu to join forces with Liu to resist Cao, and sent Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu, Lu Su and others to lead 30,000 naval troops to start a war with Cao Cao.

Zhuge Liang returned to Liu Bei with the army; In November, Cao Cao's army was attacked by Sun and Liu's army in Chibi, and Cao Cao's army suffered very large losses, and at this time there was a plague outbreak in Cao Cao's army, and Cao Cao had to lead his army back to the north.

After the Battle of Chibi, Liu Bei pacified the four counties of Jingnan in December of the thirteenth year of Jian'an, appointed Zhuge Liang as the general of the military division, lived in Linhao, and supervised the three counties of Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha, responsible for adjusting taxes and enriching military resources.

In the sixteenth year of Jian'an (211 AD), Liu Zhang, the pastor of Yizhou, sent Fa Zheng and Meng Da to ask Liu Bei to assist Zhang Lu. Zhuge Liang and Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others guarded Jingzhou. By December of the following year, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and attacked Chengdu. Zhuge Liang and Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others went to Shu to help, leaving Guan Yu to be responsible for the defense of Jingzhou, dividing troops to pacify the counties and counties, and besieging Chengdu with Liu Bei. In the nineteenth year of Jian'an, Liu Zhang surrendered, and Liu Bei became the ruler of Yizhou.

Since then, whenever Liu Bei sent troops to conquer, Zhuge Liang was responsible for guarding Chengdu and providing Liu Bei with enough food and soldiers, such as the Battle of Hanzhong, Zhuge Liang provided financial aid for Liu Bei. Since then, Zhuge has ruled Shu and done his best for the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty.

In August of the second year of Zhangwu (222 AD), Liu Bei was defeated on the way to capture Jingzhou on the way to the east and retreated to Yong'an. In February of the third year of Zhangwu (223 AD), Liu Bei was seriously ill and summoned Zhuge Liang to Yong'an, and entrusted the future affairs with Li Yan, Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang: "Your talent is ten times that of Cao Pi, and you will definitely be able to settle the country and eventually achieve great things." If the heir (Liu Chan) can assist, he will assist him; If he doesn't have the talent, you can do it yourself. Zhuge Liang wept and said: "The minister will definitely do his best to repay the solar terms of loyalty until death!" Liu Bei asked Liu Chan to regard Zhuge Liang as his father.

In April, Liu Bei died, Liu Chan succeeded him, named Zhuge Liang as the Marquis of Wuxiang, and opened an official office. Soon, he received Yizhou Mu again, and Liu Chan relied on Zhuge Liang for all major and small affairs in political affairs, and Zhuge Liang decided. Originally, the Nanzhong region took the opportunity to rebel due to Liu Bei's death, and Zhuge Liang did not send troops because the country had just lost its monarch, but sent Deng Zhi and Chen Zhen to Eastern Wu to repair.

In the spring of the third year of Jianxing (225 AD), Zhuge Liang led the army to the south, and before leaving, Liu Chan gave Zhuge Liang a golden jade, a curved cover, a piece of Yubao before and after, and 60 tigers. Later, Zhuge Liang went deep into the barren land to crusade against Yonghong and Meng Shu, Zhuge Liang took the suggestion of joining the army Ma Yan, focusing on attacking the heart, first defeating the Yonghong army, and then capturing seven longitudinal Meng Shu, and calming all the chaos in the autumn. Shu Han settled down in Nanzhong and obtained a large amount of resources, and formed the Wudang Flying Army, a strong army. After a long period of accumulation, there was the basis for the Northern Expedition.

In the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing (228 AD), Zhuge Liang threatened to take the Xiegu Road in advance, and asked Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi to set up suspicious troops to attract Cao Zhen's heavy troops, and he led a large army to attack Qishan. The three counties of Nan'an, Tianshui and Anding in Longyou were anti-Wei and attached to Shu, and Guanzhong was resounding. Emperor Wei Ming in the west of Chang'an, ordered Zhang He to lead 50,000 foot riders to go, and broke the horse in the street pavilion. At the same time, Zhao Yun was outnumbered and lost to Keigu. Zhuge Liang is more than 1,000 families in Baxi County and returned to Hanzhong. The First Northern Expedition failed.

In the winter of the same year, Zhuge Liang took advantage of the Wei soldiers to go east, Guanzhong was weak, took the opportunity to go north, sent troops to disperse the pass to encircle Chencang, but was rejected by Wei general Hao Zhao, Zhuge Liang failed to persuade him to surrender, and the grain and grass did not continue, so he had to return to Hanzhong. Wei chased Wang Shuang and was beheaded.

In the spring of the seventh year of Jianxing (229 AD), Zhuge Liang sent Chen Shi to attack Wudu and Yinping two counties. Yongzhou assassin Guo Huai led troops to rescue him, Zhuge led troops to Jianwei, Guo Huai retreated, and won the second county.

In the autumn of the eighth year of Jianxing (230 AD), the Wei army attacked Hanzhong in three ways, Sima Yi went to Xicheng, Zhang He went to the Meridian Valley, and Cao Zhen took the Xiegu. Zhuge Liang garrisoned in Chenggu and Akasaka. After more than 30 days of heavy rain, the Wei army retreated. In the same year, Zhuge Liang made Wei Yan and Wu Yixi enter Qiangzhong, and broke the general Fei Yao of Wei and Guo Huai, the assassin of Yongzhou, in Yangxi.

In February of the ninth year of Jianxing (231 AD), Zhuge Liang led a large army to attack Qishan, and began to transport it with wooden oxen. When Cao Zhen was seriously ill, Sima Yi supervised the generals in the Guanzhong to refuse. Zhuge Liang cut wheat in Shangqi. Sima Yi chased Liang to Lucheng, digging the camp to defend himself, and there was a ridicule of "fearing Shu as fearing a tiger".

In May of the same year, Zhuge Liang made Wei Yan, Gao Xiang, and Wu Ban break Sima Yi, and the Han army won the first 3,000 ranks, 5,000 Xuan armor, and 3,100 crossbows, so Sima Yi returned to the camp and insisted on not fighting.

In June, Li Yan called Zhuge Liang to return to his division due to poor grain transportation. Zhang He chased Liang and retreated to Mumen, and was killed by an arrow - this is the second out of Qishan.

In February of the twelfth year of Jianxing (234 AD), Zhuge Liang led the army out of the Xiegu Road, according to Wuzhangyuan, Tuntian in Weibin, and Sima Yi fought a decisive battle in Weinan, and asked Wu to jointly send troops. During this period, Zhuge Liang repeatedly sent envoys to write war letters, and also sent the ornaments of women to provoke Sima Yi, but Sima Yi could not hold on to the humiliation, and calmed the anger with the clever plan of "asking for war for thousands of miles".

Sima Yi once asked the envoy of Shu Han how much Zhuge Liang slept, ate, and did not inquire about the military situation, and the envoy replied: "Zhuge Gong gets up early and goes to bed late, and all punishments of more than twenty rods are personally read; The meals eaten were less than a few liters. Sima Yi told people: "Zhuge Kongming eats little and has troublesome affairs, how long can he live!" ”

Zhuge Liang was divided into troops and planted grain for self-sufficiency with the people of Wei in the territory of Wei, and planned to stay there for a long time, but Zhuge Liang was seriously ill due to overwork.

Liu Chan sent Shang Shu and Li Fu to greet him, and at the same time inquire about national affairs. Li Fu came, Zhuge Liang finished talking, said goodbye, and came back a few days later. Zhuge Liang said: "I know your intention to return, although I have been talking all day recently, some things have not been explained, and I have come to listen to the decision again." What you want to ask Jiang Wan is suitable. Li Fu apologized and said: "I really didn't ask a few days ago, if you face this year, who can take on the heavy responsibility, so I will return again." After Jiang Wan, who can take on the heavy responsibility? Zhuge Liang said: "Fei can succeed him." "I asked Fei Yi again how he was after that? Zhuge Liang did not answer.

In August, Zhuge Liang died of illness in Wuzhangyuan at the age of 54. Yang Yi and others led the army back, and Jiang Wei and others followed Zhuge Liang's will, kept it secret and slowly retreated. Sima Yi led the army in pursuit, and saw the Shu Han army flag fluttering, and Kong Ming lupine scarf sitting in the car. Sima Yi suspected that Kong Ming was luring the enemy with a trick, so he hurriedly rode his horse and collected his troops, so there was a proverb that "Death Zhuge scared away Sheng Zhongda".

Of these six use of troops, only two were out of Qishan; The fourth time was that the Wei army took the initiative to attack, the Shu army defended, due to heavy rain for several days, flash floods, washed away the plank road, Shu Wei did not fight.

After the army returned to Chengdu, Liu Chan posthumously named Zhuge Liang as the Marquis of Zhongwu.

Zhuge Liang's last words ordered his subordinates to bury themselves in Dingjun Mountain in Hanzhong, and build a tomb according to the mountain, and the tomb could only accommodate a coffin. Zhuge Liang once pointed out that he had no extra property, and it was the same until he died, and even before he died, he also instructed him to dig only one hole when he was buried, and the coffin could be put in it. The tomb of Wuhou is in Dingjun Shanmian County.

Shu Han all over the book to set up Zhuge Liang Temple, Shu Han court violated the etiquette system and did not accept, so the people in the four o'clock festival on the road to worship Zhuge Liang. Until the sixth year of Jingyao (263 AD), under the advice of Xi Long and Xiang Chong, Liu Chan built a temple for Zhuge Liang in Chuyang.

Thirty years after Zhuge Liang's death, Sima Zhao sent Deng Ai and Zhong Hui to attack Shu. His eldest son Zhuge Zhan and eldest grandson Zhuge Shang died together in the Battle of Mianzhu. Shu Han died.

Zhuge Liang's prose masterpieces include "The Teacher's Table" and "The Book of Commandments". He once invented the wooden ox flowing horse, Kong Ming lantern, etc., and transformed the crossbow, called the Zhuge crossbow, which can be fired with one crossbow and ten arrows. "The Table of the Former Teacher" is a table written by Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms era of China, to the later master. At that time, it was five years of Jianxing, and Shu Han had recovered from the shock of Liu Bei's death. Zhuge Liang believed that he had the ability to expedition north to the Central Plains and realize Liu Beikuang's dream of recovering the Han Dynasty.

"Later Division" is the table seal given to the queen of Shu by Zhuge Liang in November of the sixth year of Shu Han Jianxing (228 AD) during the Three Kingdoms period. "The Book of Commandments" is a family letter written by Zhuge Liang to his eight-year-old son Zhuge Zhan before his death, and has become a famous article for students in later generations to cultivate themselves. It can be seen as Zhuge Liang's summary of his life. Zhuge Liang has a noble character and profound knowledge, and as a father, his ardent teachings and infinite expectations for his son are all in his words. Through these wise, rational, concise and rigorous words, the love for the son of fathers all over the world is expressed so affectionately.

Throughout his life, Zhuge Liang was named the prime minister, the marquis of Wuxiang, to the internal care of the people, to show the rituals, about the official position, from the power system, open and sincere, to preach justice, to the outside Wu to resist Wei, in order to achieve the political ideal of reviving the Han Dynasty, several Northern Expeditions, but due to various different factors and failed, and finally died of illness in Wuzhangyuan. It can be said that he is an excellent talent in governing the country, and his talent is comparable to Guan Zhong and Xiao He. Liu Chan posthumously called him the Marquis of Zhongwu, and later generations often called Zhuge Liang as Marquis of Wuhou and Zhuge Wuhou. The Eastern Jin Dynasty regime posthumously named him the king of Wuxing because of his military talents.

Chen Long hugged the dragons, phoenixes and tigers one by one, his heart was full of top ambitions, the three top military, political, and strategic talents of the Three Kingdoms, although they had not yet grown up, but he wanted to persuade Sima Hui to add the most advanced political theories of later generations to their teaching materials, so as to change people's concept of royalism until they changed the pattern of this world.