【0684 The Chinese scholar is in charge of the five-grade service】
Zhu Yanxi, Wei Guangwei and Ding Shaoshi heard that the emperor asked Wei Zhongxian, and their hearts were half cold, the emperor still believed in Wei Zhongxian!
"Back to Your Majesty, it is all the officials of the Duchayuan and Dali Temple who worked together to drive Yang Lian and others out of the Duchayuan and Dali Temple!" Wei Zhongxian said.
"Even if other people are involved, Wei Bao is the one who takes the lead!" Ding Shaoshi still did not give up arguing.
"Lord Ding, this is the Imperial Front, did Your Majesty ask you? Shall you be your house? You are a great deception! Wei Zhongxian glared at Ding Shaoshi.
Ding Shaoshi was so frightened that he didn't dare to say any more, and fell to the ground.
"Even if Wei Bao takes the lead, then who is Wei Bao? How do I hear this name so familiar? Zhu Youxiao said.
"Wei Bao is a new science detective, and now he is the governor of the Metropolitan Procuratorate." Wei Zhongxian replied.
"Haha, a new science and technology jinshi, just a small view of politics, Yang Lian is a positive third product, right? Can a seven-grade government minister drive a minister of the third grade out of the yamen? Could it be that the size of the official rank of the Ming court was reversed? If the grade is low, can you manage the high grade? Zhu Youxiao said with a smile: "This flaw is so big, how can you, as ministers, not understand?" ”
When Zhu Yanxi, Wei Guangwei and Ding Shaoshi heard this, they looked embarrassed, and they didn't know how to explain it to the emperor.
In fact, although Wei Bao is only a seven-grade view of politics, Wei Bao single-handedly drove Yang Lian and other important ministers out of the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple? This is indeed a fact!
But how to say it to the emperor?
The three of them were helpless.
It's unclear.
Even if it is said clearly, it also reflects whether Yang Lian and other important ministers are very incompetent?
Can't even deal with a seven-grade view of politics?
Zhu Youxiao saw that several people stopped talking, and he was secretly proud, he had always been forced to be speechless by the ministers, and there were few times when the ministers were speechless when he asked.
"If there is anything, just check it out, Yang Lian can sue others, and others will come to squeeze Yang Lian, there should be a lot of things in this, and the court pays attention to conclusive evidence!" Zhu Youxiao said: "Okay, I'm a little tired, you all step down." ”
"Long live, long live, long live, we're retiring."
Several ministers saluted together.
Wei Zhongxian had a smile on his face, very satisfied with the result.
"I still have an impression of that Wei Bao, as if he is the younger brother of Dong Li Niangniang, right?" Zhu Youxiao said: "In this way, it can be regarded as a relative of the emperor's country?" ”
Wei Zhongxian originally wanted to remind the emperor that he was the brother recognized by Li Chengne, the younger brother of Dong Li Niangniang, and he was not related to Dong Li Niangniang!
But before Wei Zhongxian could speak, Ke Baba had already seen through Wei Zhongxian's intentions, and said first: "The emperor has a really good memory, he is the younger brother of Dongli Niangniang, it is rare to find such talents in the Ming court, and his status is noble, but he does not rely on anyone, he completely relies on his own ability to be named on the gold list, and he also explores Hualang in high school." ”
Zhu Youxiao nodded and said: "It is indeed a capable person, he is young, and he looks like a rare Zhou Zheng!" It is rare that Dongli Niangniang has never mentioned what she has sought to help this younger brother! Dong Li Niangniang and I are like mother and son! Speaking of which, Wei Bao is still the uncle of the Ming Dynasty. ”
Although Wei Bao is several years younger than Zhu Youxiao, in terms of seniority, Zhu Youxiao is the son of Dongli Niangniang, and Wei Bao is the younger brother of Dongli Niangniang, so he should be in the position of the national uncle.
When Wei Zhongxian and Kebaba heard this, their hearts moved, and they heard that the emperor seemed to be grateful for the friendship of Dongli Niangniang and wanted to promote Wei Bao!
Wei Zhongxian didn't want Wei Bao to get a high position, because Wei Bao was not exactly his person, let alone a descendant.
In fact, in many ways, Wei Bao and Wei Zhongxian are related, first of all, Wei Bao's ancestral home in this life is the same as Wei Zhongxian, Cangzhou, Hebei, and secondly, Wei Zhongxian plays a role in every promotion of Wei Bao.
But Wei Zhongxian just didn't worry about Wei Bao, and felt that this young man was difficult to figure out and difficult to control.
Moreover, if it is a benefit from Wei Bao from him, he can take it back, but if it is a benefit directly from the emperor's mouth, it will not be easy to do, and it has nothing to do with him.
But Kebaba didn't think so, she felt that now the Donglin Party and the Wei Department were in trouble, and Wei Bao drove Yang Lian and other hardcore ministers of the Donglin Party out of the Ducha Yuan and Dali Temple, at this time, if the emperor promoted Wei Bao, it would be equivalent to a big boost to the Wei Department!
"Your Majesty, speaking of which, this Wei Bao is really our own person." Kebaba seemed to inadvertently answer: "Your Majesty deals with the cabinet the most, don't those ministers always want to see Your Majesty?" If there is a person of His Majesty's own, it will be much more convenient, and you can find him if you have something. Is it possible to recruit Wei Bao as a Chinese scholar? ”
The cabinet of the Ming Dynasty had a scholar in the middle.
It is equivalent to an official position such as a secretary, helping the emperor and a group of cabinet ministers to handle government affairs.
It is divided into 5 kinds: the middle book house, the east room of the Zhiwen Huadian, the west room of the Zhiwu Yingdian, the cabinet of the cabinet of the scholars, and the cabinet system of the cabinet of the scholars.
Among them, the Chinese calligraphy department is not called a department, because it is outside the noon gate with the six subjects, and the official office is linked, and people are used to calling it a department.
There are 20 people in the department, regardless of the elder and second, and the palm seal of the elder is called "Yinjun".
The Chinese calligraphers are in charge of writing edicts, edicts, silver books, iron coupons and other things.
The Wenhua Hall is a member of the house, and he is in charge of writing books.
Wuying Hall is a person, and he is in charge of writing books, books, and albums.
The cabinet is the person in charge of the house, the secretary of the office, the civil official, the translation of the edict, and the foreign documents, the unveiling of posts, the military department's discipline work, and the survey of the base book.
The person who makes the house is in charge of the confidential documents such as edicts, edicts, edicts, books, treasures, jade, sermons, tablets, inscriptions, and unveiling posts, as well as the base books of the royal palaces.
In short, the actual task of these people is only to write edicts as usual, and there are no other important powers.
When Wei Zhongxian heard this, he immediately frowned, but Ke Baba's words had already been spoken, and it was too late to stop it at this time!
Zhongshu Sheren is not a big official, but it is much easier to see the emperor's face!
Wei Zhongxian didn't want Wei Bao to see the emperor, the emperor was young, Wei Bao was also young, and most of the cabinet members were forty years away, so let the two young people meet together, plus Wei Bao was extremely flexible and had a smart tongue, if Wei Bao was in constant contact with the emperor, this was a great opportunity for Wei Bao!
"Well, that's it, Grandpa Wei, pass the decree! Give Wei Bao the title of scholar! "Zhu Youxiao is a person who comes to whatever he thinks, "But the people of Zhongshushe are only from the seventh grade, right?" Wei Bao is the Tanhualang with the title of the gold list, and he is the seventh grade, but it has dropped from the seventh grade! Plus five quality servants! ”
The meaning of adding five products is to give the treatment to the officials of the five products, no matter what rank you are now, it has nothing to do with the position you are in, but you can wear the official uniform of the five products, and you can enjoy the benefits of the officials of the five products!
For example, you are just a nine-rank official, a small official guarding the city gate, but after adding the five-grade uniform, although you are still guarding the city gate and still doing the things of the nine-grade official, you can wear the official uniform of the fifth grade, and you can receive the salary of the five-grade official!
Kebaba and Wei Zhongxian were very surprised, this is the first time that the emperor has taken the initiative to reward the ministers, in other cases, it is usually proposed by someone and approved by the emperor, this time, the emperor himself came up with it.
"Your Majesty, Wei Bao has only been in the office for a month, and he has been promoted from the seventh grade to the fifth grade, isn't it too fast?" Wei Zhongxian said: "I'm afraid of causing criticism." On what justification? ”
"When I think of Wei Bao, I think of the scene where he beat a group of high-ranking officials in front of Dongli Niangniang's spirit that day, it's really happy! It also shows Wei Bao's feelings for Dong Li Niangniang! He is my own person, and I can reward him as much as I want! You will let people write on the holy decree, I am grateful for the kindness of Dong Li Niangniang, and I specially gave Wei Baozhong the scholar and the five grades of service, his original ministry remains the same, and he has both sides. Zhu Youxiao said.
Zhongshusheren didn't have much to do, and he was an emperor who didn't work, in Zhu Youxiao's opinion, this was just a grace he gave Wei Bao.
"Yes! Your Majesty. The old slave immediately sent someone to handle it. Wei Zhongxian saw that the emperor had already made a decision, so he could only agree.
"Well, after the decree, let Wei Bao enter the palace to thank you, and I want to praise Wei Bao a few words in person. In the future, if there is any contact between the cabinet and the celebrant and the celebrant supervisor, just send Wei Bao to handle it. Zhu Youxiao said, "Otherwise, aren't your celebrants and cabinets always pimping, and can't you explain a little bit of things clearly?" If you encounter something that I can't understand, let Wei Bao explain it to me. I see that Na Wei Bao is articulate and famous, and it is the most suitable for this office. ”
"Yes, or Your Majesty is delicate, so very good." Wei Zhongxian has a hard time, in this way, didn't Wei Bao take away a certain amount of his authority? If Wei Bao is obedient and everything goes according to him, it doesn't matter, but if Wei Bao is an enemy of himself, he can often go to His Majesty, and even more, if Wei Bao is used by the Donglin Party, it will be a very tricky matter!
A positive five products are inconspicuous, but the people around the emperor are not easy to move!
"Your Majesty, the people of the Zhongshu House are generally from the seventh grade, and the fifth grade is not too much?" Wei Zhongxian said.
He wants to demote Wei Bao to add six grades of service, so that it will be the same rank as Wei Bao asked him, otherwise, this emperor will add five grades of service to Wei Bao, and he will promote Wei Bao in the Duchayuan and Dali Temple, so he will have to come according to this rank of five grades.
Fortunately, the Metropolitan Procuratorate is okay, the sixth product is the fourth product, there is no fifth grade, but Dali Temple has such a file!
"Didn't I just make it clear? What's so difficult about me adding a five-grade suit? It's not to add four products, add three products, who dares to say anything? Emperor Zhu Youxiao of the Apocalypse said unhappily: "When the decree is transmitted, it is added by the scholars in the imperial gift!" It's not an ordinary Chinese scholar! In this way, the addition of five products is justified, right? ”
Wei Zhongxian almost didn't faint, regretting that he shouldn't have said more, which not only made the emperor unhappy, but also added a new name to Wei Bao! Zhongshu Sheren is just a position, which can be replaced, but once the control system is added, according to the hereditary practice of the Ming Dynasty, this official position has become the ancestral official position of Wei Bao's family, as long as you can walk in Zhongshu, as long as you don't make any big mistakes, this official position will always follow Wei Bao, Wei Bao is dead, and you will always follow Wei Bao's descendants.
"It's okay now, Your Majesty is still smart." Kebaba clapped his hands lightly and praised.
Zhu Youxiao was very happy and stood up: "Okay, Grandpa Wei, you go get busy, I'm going to do something!" Daming needs young talents like Wei Bao, if they are all old people who can only quote scriptures, they can't do anything! ”
"Yes, Your Majesty is wise, and the old slave admires it tightly." Wei Zhongxian didn't dare to say anything nonsense anymore, and hurriedly agreed.
Zhu Youxiao happily led Kebaba to his carpentry room, he was already anxious to build his exquisite bridge.
Many buildings in the palace were designed and participated in by Zhu Youxiao himself.
In fact, Zhu Youxiao was not so much interested in carpentry as he was more interested in construction, just because the buildings of this era were all wooden buildings.
Wei Zhongxian did not go far, but quietly followed, looking for an opportunity to ask Kebaba to come out.
"Why did you help Wei Bao so much just now? He's not a member of our family, at most he's half. Wei Zhongxian accused: "This person is difficult to judge, and it is very likely that he will run to the Donglin Party." ”
"What do you think of the Wei Bao people?" Kebaba asked Wei Zhongxian instead.
"Where do we have the kung fu to ponder a little ghost all day long? People are fickle, and to control a person, you have to give him what he needs. Wei Zhongxian said a very philosophical word.
"That's a good thing, so what does Wei Bao need?" Kebaba asked.
"What is needed? You should ask what normal men need, right? Power, fame, women, men are nothing more than that. Wei Zhongxian said.
"You can give him these three things, and besides, who is the person who can cover the sky with one hand in Daming now, I believe that such a smart person as him will not be unable to understand, you just tell Wei Bao, this Zhongshu Sheren is in charge of the system and the five-grade clothes are all given to him by you, can he still be obedient?" Kebaba smiled: "If you can give it to him today, you can take it back tomorrow, and the more you get, the more loyal you will be!" ”
Wei Zhongxian didn't understand these truths, and sighed: "I don't know why, I always don't worry about this Wei Bao, I always feel that it is not as easy to control as others." ”
"This is yours, isn't it, as a superior person, you must have bearing, if you are so narrow-minded, how can you control the world?" Kebaba Road.
Wei Zhongxian looked at Kebaba and smiled slightly: "I have obeyed the teachings of the Holy Lady, Yueniang, you are now more and more motherly and worldly." ”
Kebaba's milk name is Keyinyue, and there are very few people who know it, and only a very few people such as Wei Zhongxian are qualified to call her Yueniang. That was the name of Kebaba when he first entered the palace, and now there are not many people left who have entered the palace with Kebaba, and the battle in the palace is also very cruel.
If you want to stay in the end, if you want to be a good person, you have to send many people to die.
Kebaba glanced at Wei Zhongxian, "Okay, go and do your business, if you want to control the overall situation, you must be tolerant, especially those who have the ability, they are a little unreassuring." ”
"Yes." Wei Zhongxian smiled and went.
Wei Zhongxian first had to let the cabinet vote, and Gu Bingqian, the first assistant of the cabinet, was his person, which was very easy.
The Cabinet Minister's suggestion is to write it down on a piece of paper and stick it on the top of the recital, which is called a "ticket draft". And the emperor used red letters to make instructions, which was called "batch red".
According to the regulations, the emperor only approved a few copies, and most of the "red approvals" were ghostwritten by the eunuchs of the celebrant according to the emperor's wishes.
In the past, according to the ancestral system of the Ming Dynasty, eunuchs were strictly forbidden to read and write. Daming Xuanzong not only changed this rule, but also set up a special eunuch school in the palace with his encouragement.
Later generations speculated that the purpose of Ming Xuanzong's practice was to let the eunuchs contain the power of the cabinet. Over time, a strange political landscape emerged.
The institutions of the inner court and the outer court of the Ming Dynasty were completely symmetrical. There is a cabinet outside, a celebrant supervisor inside, a three-law division outside, Dongchang and Jinyiwei inside, a governor and governor sent to the local court by the outer court, and a town guard eunuch and garrison eunuch sent by the inner court to the local area. In this way, the inner court and the outer court checked each other to ensure the emperor's decision-making position. However, this has also led to a struggle for power between the two major political forces, both internal and external.
This piece of building in the eastern part of the Forbidden City in Beijing was called Wenyuan Pavilion in the Ming Dynasty. The cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was located here.
During the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Juzheng, the first assistant to the cabinet, made the most humble house in the Forbidden City a place of fame. The Cabinet working in the Bunyuan Pavilion became the de facto decision-maker for government affairs.
On the surface, the routine government process does not seem to have changed, but the decision-making power has shifted.
Zhang Juzheng did this for the following reasons: First of all, the Wanli Emperor of the Ming Dynasty at that time was still a child, and Zhang Juzheng, as the emperor's teacher, could easily influence the emperor's decision-making. Moreover, Emperor Wanli's "approval of red" was completed under the guidance of Feng Bao, the celebrant supervisor, and Feng Bao had a close relationship with Zhang Juzheng. Prime Minister Zhang Juzheng instructed others to write his opinions into a concerto, and then "voted" to approve it. The young emperor's approval of red is naturally no problem.
In this way, the minister's "recital", the minister's "vote", and the emperor's "approval of red" were controlled by Zhang Juzheng, the first assistant of the cabinet, and reached unprecedented unanimity. His new policy proceeded without hindrance. In fact, Zhang Juzheng's new policy was not implemented very smoothly, and the reform must face a conflict of interest, and Zhang himself, Feng Bao, and Wanli (actually Wanli's biological mother) The three representatives of the power system cooperated, especially when Wanli was young, Feng Bao and Zhang Juzheng had a friendship, and the two did not confront each other, so that Zhang Juzheng had absolute power in the early days of the cabinet, but after Wanli became an adult, the situation changed.
Since the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the government affairs center of the Ming Dynasty has been transformed in the Forbidden City, and the alternation of power has affected the national fortunes of the Ming Dynasty. In the midst of the palace turmoil, conspiracy to seize power occurs from time to time.
Through the efforts of several generations of emperors of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty once formed a complete cabinet system, which can be called perfect in terms of power balance.
The cabinet system of the Ming Dynasty had its own distinctive characteristics.
It has been in formation for a long time, and has never achieved legal status, and has never been a formal administrative body at the central level.
Starting from Yongle, the emperors of all dynasties have sent great policies to the cabinet to varying degrees, and the emperor "can rule the world without receiving his subordinates, so that he has a cabinet minister's vote." However, none of them dared to take responsibility for violating the ancestral system, and none of them wanted to share a part of the imperial power that had already achieved complete victory with the ministers. As a result, the Cabinet has been slow to progress and has never been able to become a formal administrative body at the central level.
The cabinet was full of contradictions with the imperial power, and it always succumbed to the weight of the imperial power.
The contradictions between the cabinet ministers and the emperor were reflected in the fact that in addition to the edicts of the feudal restoration, many of them were reflected in the fact that the ministers continued to resign after the middle of the century.
The contradiction between the imperial power and the cabinet is also reflected in the fact that there are few cabinet ministers in the Ming Dynasty who die well, and there are not many who have political achievements.
The power of the Ming Dynasty cabinet was unstable, although there were Yan Song and Zhang Juzhengzhi, but they were only taking advantage of the emperor's quiet photography to act as the imperial power for a while.
Generally speaking, because they are basically ministers of literature, the size of their power after entering the cabinet is only determined by the situation in which the ticket is intended to be used, so it is presented as unstable, insecure, and uncontinuous.
Compared with the Han, Tang and Song dynasties, the performance of the Ming Dynasty was not significant, which is certainly related to the seniority before entering the cabinet.
The prime ministers of the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties all had to go through the county, while the ministers of the Ming Dynasty basically came from the Hanlin Academy. They have no experience in politics and are ignorant of the people's sufferings, so it is naturally difficult for them to come up with practical measures for political affairs.
But on the other hand, because of their unstable power, they are squeezed by the celebrant and oppressed by the imperial power, and it is difficult for them to carry out even if they have ambitions.
Obviously, such a cabinet can only promote the imperial power, but cannot supervise and restrain the imperial power.
In the Ming generation, the cabinet has never been able to become a threat to the imperial power, and from this point of view, Zhu Yuanzhang's goal of abolishing the prime minister has been achieved.
The cabinet is subject to the master of ceremonies, and the contradictions are profound, but it has to follow the path of the master of ceremonies.
In the central system, the cabinet has the right to vote, and the celebrant has the right to approve Zhu, which is a dual-track system of internal and external maintenance. However, the peculiarities of the status of the two sides made it difficult for the cabinet to compete with the celebrant and the celebrant of ceremonies, and the size of the power of the two sides was proportional to each other by the transfer of the emperor's back, so there could be no real mutual maintenance between them, but only a fierce struggle for power.
When the emperor favored the celebrity, the celebrant seized the power of the cabinet, such as Liu Jin and Wei Zhongxian; Otherwise, it is the appearance of power, such as Yan Song and Zhang Juzheng.
Yan Song and Zhang Juzheng are prominent, and they have to curry favor with the celebrant supervisor, which is proof.
Looking at the Ming generation, the cabinet interfered with the eunuchs, although it also played a little role of checks and balances, such as during the Chenghua period, due to the repeated insistence of the cabinet ministers, the West Factory presided over by Wang Zhi was once withdrawn.
But in general, the cabinet is increasingly subject to celebrants. The cabinet was controlled by the celebrant supervisor, so that the Ming Dynasty became the dynasty with the most troubled eunuchs.
The cabinet not only has a contradictory relationship with the celebrant and the celebrant but also has a bad relationship with the six ministries, and often competes with each other for their strengths and contradictions.
In the past dynasties and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the six ministries were subordinate to the prime minister, and everything must uphold the will of the prime minister.
However, with the improvement of the cabinet's taste and the power of votes, the cabinet was closer to the emperor than the six ministries, and the power of the ministries was encroached upon by the cabinet at different times and to different degrees.
However, after all, the cabinet is different from the Zhongshu Province. Institutionally speaking, the six ministries do not have to obey the orders of the cabinet, and the cabinet "cannot do all political affairs unless the lower departments do not work, and cannot do it."
Therefore, the cabinet tried to control the six ministries by taking advantage of its position and power, and the six ministries took advantage of the fact that the cabinet had no legal status and power in an attempt to get rid of control.
As a result, the cabinet often competes for power, especially for personnel power.
The lack of clarity in the boundaries between the functions and powers of the cabinet and the six ministries and the imbalance in their work greatly affected the administrative efficiency of the Ming government.
Objectively, it is conducive to the arbitrary power and disorderly administration of the celebrant supervisor.
There are fierce contradictions in the cabinet. Especially after Jiajing, the tilt among the cabinet ministers was prominent, because there were no clear regulations on the appointment, size of power, and retention of cabinet ministers, and because of the disparity in power between the first and second assistants, there was no clear division of responsibilities before the apocalypse.
Therefore, the struggle for power among the ministers was fierce, especially "the first assistant since Jiajing was inevitably squeezed out", such as Yan Song won Kedao to impeach Zhai Luan, so that Zhai was "reduced to a gangster".
Yan Song and Xia Yan squeezed each other, causing Xia Yan to be abandoned in the market.
In the disputes within the cabinet, the ministers not only cultivated their own forces, but also caused the politics to become increasingly corrupt after the middle of the Ming Dynasty.
From the various characteristics of the cabinet system in the Ming Dynasty, it can be seen that the cabinet system did not become a subsidiary system that was fully compatible with the absolute monarchy at that time.
The special status of the cabinet has also made it a place where contradictions converge, and the development of various contradictions has aggravated political corruption.
The cabinet system of the Ming Dynasty strengthened the system of absolute monarchy.
The cabinet system was established with the high degree of imperial power, and the source of power was granted by the monarch, and the restraining effect on the monarchy was limited.
No matter how big or small, the cabinet had to act in accordance with the will of the monarch, so it became a tool for the monarch to strengthen the autocracy, so the absolute monarchy in the Ming Dynasty was especially worse than the previous generation, which contributed to the absolute monarchy.
At the same time, it also formed the dictatorship of the eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty.
Due to the lack of legal status and power, the cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was only an auxiliary agency for government affairs, and assisted the government through the draft and amendment of the decree, but the vote of the scholar was finally approved by the emperor, and the eunuch of the Ming Dynasty was in charge of the seal and the eunuch was in charge of the chapter and the document of the minister, and the minister of the Xuanzong period was approved by the emperor in addition to the emperor's personal approval of several copies, and the eunuch was approved by the eunuch with reference to the cabinet vote.
After Xuanzong, the lord was sluggish, lived in the inner palace, did not pro-political affairs, did not see the minister, and entrusted the eunuch with a confidant, and Zhu Pi was handled by the eunuch Bingbi.
The celebrant is above the Cabinet, and the power of the Cabinet is limited to votes.
Regardless of whether the emperor was in charge of power in person or pretended to be approved by the celebrant on his behalf, the scholar could only do things according to his orders, and the celebrant would take the opportunity to steal the power.
Even if the ministers of the Ming Dynasty have ideals and advocates, they must first collude with the eunuchs, otherwise all political affairs will be obstructed by the eunuchs and cannot reach the emperor.
As for the unscrupulous ministers of the cabinet, they even vied with each other to flatter and welcome the eunuchs, helping the eunuchs to abuse, and being embarrassed to become traitors, so as to promote the arrogance of the eunuchs.
Looking at the eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty, after the actual and abolished phases, the cabinet had no real power, and the monarch favored the eunuchs too much, so that the eunuchs could be in the middle.
This political structure of separation of powers is also prone to partisanship.
The cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was restrained by the monarch and manipulated by the eunuchs, and those who wanted to hold power by the ministers were inevitably obtained by unsightly means.
On the one hand, it is necessary to hand over the internal supervision; On the other hand, it is necessary to dump the scholars of the same ranks, and it will become a disaster of friends.
That is, when the cabinet power of the Ming Dynasty was at its peak, the cabinet ministers often poured into each other in order to compete for the position of the first assistant, and even did not hesitate to advise the party and the eunuchs.
Zhang Juzheng served as the first assistant in the first year of Wanli, and it was also because of Feng Bao, the master of ceremonies, who was getting a high arch.
The fierce tilting of the cabinet ministers was due to the fact that the Ming Dynasty cabinet had no formal power and no legal status.
This system also leads to a political ethos.
The vast majority of the ministers of the Ming Dynasty were from the Jinshi and Hanlin, and the order to enter the cabinet, most of them were under the window for ten years, long in the Hanlin Garden, the people who danced and made ink, and had no actual political experience, once they entered the cabinet, most of them were mediocre and insightful, and the ministers were mediocre and mediocre for the protection of official rank, and rarely had the courage to do anything, and dared to do something.
Because the cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was limited by its status and powers, the power was granted by the emperor, and the eunuchs were in the middle to steal the handle, so the cabinet ministers could only be submissive to the emperor, and the eunuchs bowed down to the orders and did not dare to disobey.
Then Zhang Juzheng was responsible and proactive, but he was inevitably regarded as a dictatorship that exceeded his authority, and criticism arose, and after his death, he ended up cutting off his lord and stealing his family.
Those who followed the government, punished Zhang Juzheng's defeat, and mostly followed the ups and downs of the customs in order to avoid disaster, only flattered the emperor to consolidate power, and had nothing to advocate in political affairs.
All in all, "there is no good governance in the Ming Dynasty, and it has been since the resignation of Emperor Gao". To some extent, there is a sense of it.
Because there is no prime minister, the imperial power loses checks and balances; plus the lack of legitimacy of the Cabinet; Therefore, there is no real power; Everything is subject to the emperor's orders, resulting in the monarchy's dictatorship. If you meet the lord of mediocrity, it will lead to the eunuchs.
Moreover, in order to strive for power, the chief assistant of the cabinet often relied on the eunuchs and excluded dissidents, which further fueled the arrogance of the eunuchs.
It can be seen that the emergence of the Ming cabinet is closely related to the development of its political situation, and its influence is far-reaching.
But this system, in general, in Wei Bao's personal opinion, still has more advantages than disadvantages.
At the beginning, Zhu Yuanzhang's idea was very advanced and very good.
However, no matter how good things are, they must be matched with many other factors, and they must continue to develop in history, and the Ming Dynasty has not developed in a good direction for more than 200 years, but often in a bad direction.
After the Yongle Dynasty, the power of the cabinet was strengthened. The history of the middle and late Ming Dynasty can be seen that as long as there are many talents in the cabinet, the emperor can no longer come nonsense.
During the Ming Dynasty, even if the emperor was not in charge of the government, the state apparatus could rely on a group of ministers and a set of government affairs to maintain normal operation.
Therefore, during the long reign of the Ming Dynasty, the country has always been stable, the economy has always been developing, greatly surpassing the previous dynasties, and this system is indispensable!
Therefore, every time he reads the history of the Ming Dynasty, what Wei Bao admires most is Emperor Zhu Baba, who does not know a few big characters.
How could someone who was not extremely gifted create such a system that was ahead of his time?
What happened in front of the emperor had reached the ears of Yang Lian and other Donglin Party ministers at this time.
They were very angry and thought that the emperor didn't care!
"Since Your Majesty doesn't care, we can't rely on the eunuchs like this, we have to organize people to take back our power to do things!" Yang Lian said.
Zhu Yanxi, Zhou Rupan and Ding Shaoshi did not speak, and they also felt that it was impossible to rely on the emperor to achieve the goal of balancing Wei Zhongxian.
The result of their retreat and retreat was that Wei Zhongxian's eunuch party was pressing forward step by step, forcing all the Donglin Party ministers to be cornered!
"Lord Yang, what are we going to do?" Zuo Guangdou asked: "Now like Wei Bao, a new science and technology scholar, the stunned young people who have just entered the officialdom have been blinded by the eunuch party, we have to come hard, and we are not just facing the eunuch party." ”
"What are you going to do? Didn't they let us go to the errand room? Let's contact the Donglin Zhishi who have been excluded from the various yamen, and everyone will not go back to the original yamen office, but go to Wenyuan Pavilion to work! Also, if the 24 articles I wrote to impeach Wei Zhongxian were widely printed and distributed to all corners of the capital, I don't believe it, can the emperor see it? "Yang Lian is not blindly just knowing death advice, and he has served as a magistrate for more than ten years, and he also has a set of methods.
Zuo Guangdou smiled when he heard this, "Yes, that's good!" Didn't Your Majesty hand it over to the Cabinet for verification? If we don't arrange a place to go for the office, we will be on an errand in the cabinet! We can still impeach those lawbreakers who are attached to the eunuchs! ”
"But, if you do that, it's a big deal! Also, how big is Wenyuan Pavilion, where can it accommodate many people? Zhu Yanxi couldn't help but say anxiously.
"There's no place, let's just work in the big courtyard of Wenyuan Pavilion, it's really not good, just lie on the ground and write! The big yard is not enough, there is still a street outside Wenyuan Pavilion, and other hawkers can set up stalls, why can't we? Yang Lian has thought about this problem, "As long as we are united, we don't have to be afraid of the eunuchs!" Do they dare to isolate a few of us, and dare to isolate so many Donglin scholars in the officialdom of Beijing? ”
Zhu Yanxi nodded.
Zhou Rupan and Ding Shaoshi were also in favor of this, and they both discussed that they would fight back against the eunuch party, and they must not let anyone slaughter them.
"Also, you wait and see, let's all gather in Wenyuan Pavilion to set up another yamen, the officials of the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple will be in chaos first, they have to prevent being arched away, in case the position is not secured, and there are more people who want to take the position and want to arch away! Wei Biao's poisonous plan seems to be old and spicy, and it seems to be seamless, but it is not easy to do it concretely! Moreover, where do they get so many people to fill the positions at once? If it gets bigger, it won't just be a matter of the two yamen, the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple. Yang Lian continued.
Several Donglin Party ministers felt justified and discussed for a while, and everyone's mood was much better.
Although the sky above the Jingshi was full of dark clouds at this time, and it was completely under the black rule of Wei Zhongxian, they firmly believed that as long as the Donglin Party was united and twisted into a rope, it would definitely be able to hold it under the suppression of the eunuch party, and it would be held until the day when the clouds were cleared and the sky was full of red clouds!
The upper echelons of the Donglin Party had set up a defense plan, and the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple, as well as other Donglin Party ministers of the Yamen who had not yet been affected by this incident, or officials who were inclined to the Donglin Party, gradually received instructions and understood the spirit and intentions of Yang Lian and others.
The Donglin Party is a politically charged group, and it is very stable, and it is by no means comparable to the rabble that is mixed together mainly for the sake of power and wealth like the Eunuch Party.
In the next two days, the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple had frequent deliberations and frequent conversations.
Almost everyone was asked to talk to each other by people sent by the Ministry of Officials, and in addition to the Ministry of Officials, there were also people sent by the Cabinet and Dongchang.
Such a large area of whistle-blowing officials, and all of them are in the form of individual cases, is unique in the history of the Ming Dynasty.
What Lord Wei Bao didn't expect was that he came up with the idea, and he explained Wei Zhongxian in advance, and after the matter was completed, he gave him the title of double material and sixth grade in the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple, and played a decisive role in the expulsion of a group of hardcore Donglin Party in the Metropolitan Procuratorate and Dali Temple, so as to achieve the 'mass base' that everyone agreed with his promotion.
But at the beginning of this mutual examination, almost all of them commented on Wei Bao's bad comments, how vicious and vicious.
Because everyone is not convinced.
Whether it is the Donglin Party, or the Eunuch Party, or the officials who tend to the Donglin Party, or the officials who tend to the Eunuch Party, or the officials who are more neutral, everyone invariably secretly said countless bad things about Wei Bao.
I can't wait for Wei Baobao to go up and die, and get out of the officialdom immediately.
Although Wei Bao had also expected that a person who had only been in the company for a month would be promoted when he said that he would be promoted, and it seemed that it would be easy to attract envy, but he did not expect that it would be such widespread jealousy.
"Everyone said that you were of bad character, and after coming to the Metropolitan Procuratorate, you were lazy and lazy, and you were lazy and lazy, do you have anything to say?" An official in charge of interrogating Wei Bao spoke very directly.