After a while, Wei Bao and Wu Sanfu called a group of classmates from the academy to help, and everyone completed the assignment.

"Okay, Wu Gongzi and I will go to the Maritime Chamber of Commerce Hall to wait for you first, it won't be big at noon, everyone will go and help call people, one or two silver errands per person, and everyone will have a good meal in the evening." Wei Bao said to a group of classmates very intimately.

Because those who stayed were all from poor families, Wei Bao knew that they needed silver, otherwise they wouldn't be able to eat, and he wouldn't feel that it was rude to give money like this.

When a group of students heard that they had money, they didn't care about their image, so they instinctively cheered together, and then they all thanked Wei Bao.

"No thanks, no thanks, everyone's happy." Wei Bao smiled.

One or two hundred taels of silver is not in Wei Bao's eyes at all now, especially when it is used as a pretend.

However, Wei Bao is not all about pretending, but more about buying people's hearts.

On the way back from the Maritime Chamber of Commerce with Wu Sanfu and other sons, Liu Chunshi finally found an opportunity to speak to his son alone.

The third place in the academy exam this time is Liu Chunshi, Liu Chunshi is not from Shanhai Academy, but Wei Gongzi is from Shanhai Academy, so he can also follow.

"Childe, I took the exam more than ten times, and finally won once, thanks to Childe's Hongfu." Liu Chunshi sighed.

Wei Bao glanced at Liu Chunshi, because Liu Chunshi's words seemed to contain a hint of pride.

Wei Bao likes to see his subordinates sometimes a little exaggerated, a little proud, a little unexpected, that means there is greater momentum, but Wei Bao doesn't love the pride of his subordinates, pride and pride, there is still a difference.

Proud person, it shows that Liu Chunshi thinks that he can be admitted to Xiucai this time, because his knowledge has reached that position, and what he said about the blessing of Wei Bao is just a polite remark.

"Do you really think that without me, you can be in this show?" Wei Bao said indifferently.

Liu Chunshi was shocked in his heart, seeing that Gongzi's face was cold, he immediately knew that he had said the wrong thing, and now Liu Chunshi Luo San was stunned by Fan Datou and others, naturally they didn't dare to treat Wei Gongzi as a neighbor's little brother at the beginning, but a real son, who was their master.

Even Wei Bao's casual words and glances, they had to think twice, especially when Wei Gongzi spoke with a cold face, they paid more attention.

"What does Childe mean that this scientific expedition is greasy?" Liu Chunshi cautiously looked to the side to make sure that no one heard, so he asked softly.

Wei Bao did not directly answer Liu Chunshi's question, but said about the banquet in the evening: "Do you know why I want to bring my old acquaintances from Shanhai Academy and my classmates to my side?" ”

Liu Chunshi was stunned for a moment, shook his head and said, "Please make it clear." ”

"You must be thinking, those rich classmates, most of them are above the top, and the eyes are high, what are the benefits of befriending them? What are the benefits of befriending those poor and sour students who are poor and poor, most of whom are hungry and poorly clothed? With my financial resources today, there is no need to interact with my classmates more, and I even need to prevent others from taking advantage of me, right? Wei Bao was straight to the point.

Because Wei Bao and Liu Chunshi were talking, a few steps behind a few boys, the boys would not hear it, but Wang Qiuya and Fan's heads were beside Wei Bao, they could hear it, and they all looked at Wei Gongzi, which was also their question.

Liu Chunshi nodded and said, "That's what I think, Childe." ”

"I tell you, it's all useful! Rich classmates, they can't be used by us, but most of them have money and family backgrounds, forming a joint force, which should not be underestimated, and can earn prestige and connections for us in the local area! Poor classmates, left me, they will never reach the success of the name for the rest of their lives! You have to make people understand this without directly breaking it! If they can be brought to our Weijiazhuang, it will further improve the speed of Weijiazhuang's enlightenment, we want not only literate people, but also culture, people with ideas, only the transformation of these people who have studied hard for many years, can drive the overall cultural level of Weijiazhuang, the improvement of scientific and technological level! Wei Bao said the purpose behind his promotion of the alumni club.

When Liu Chunshi, Fan Datou and Wang Qiuya heard this, they suddenly realized and completely understood the intentions of the son.

Although he didn't say it explicitly, Liu Chunshi is not a fool, and he understands that Gongzi has already hinted that this hospital test is actually the result of Gongzi's efforts in other channels, otherwise, where can he pass so many talents at one time? He immediately put away the trace of pride that had just risen.

"If I don't have a son, I'm afraid that I, Liu Chunshi, will not be able to show talent in my life." Liu Chunshi corrected.

Wei Bao smiled slightly: "Not necessarily, maybe you can win, maybe you can't win, except for this time to take the exam with me, I can't say anything else." However, you have been in the Heaven and Earth Business for so long, and this point is still not broken? What if you just hit the show? ”

Fan immediately answered: "What Childe said is very true, I am still not interested in scientific examinations, I learn more things, I learn everything, especially business and accounting, and a bunch of miscellaneous studies advocated by Childe." ”

When Wang Qiuya and Liu Chunshi heard this, they couldn't help but glance at Fan's big head, secretly thinking that you are too good at sycophants, right? Do you love to learn all the things that Childe advocates?

Fan's big head smiled disappreciatively, which made Wei Bao very happy.

When he was about to arrive at the Maritime Chamber of Commerce, to Wei Bao's surprise, Wu Xuexia actually brought Wu Sangui here.

Wei Bao originally thought that Wu Sangui would hide from himself because he wanted to return his 10,000 taels of silver? I didn't expect to show up so soon, just now I saw Wu Xuexia and Wu Sangui accompanying Wu Xiang away.

"Miss Wu is good." Wei Bao hurriedly greeted Wu Xuexia happily, and Wei Bao's etiquette was still very thorough. Originally, because he had just come into contact with a rich lady like Wu Xuexia, he was a little resistant in his heart, but now Wei Bao doesn't even have that emotion, and he is getting rid of the temperament of the silk step by step.

If you don't feel inferior, others want to pretend to be forced in front of you, and want to hit your confidence, it's not easy to do!

"Congratulations to Wei Gongzi for showing talent, I am here to call my second brother to go, and by the way, I will accompany my brother to return Wei Gongzi's 10,000 taels of silver!" Wu Xuexia said coldly.

Wei Bao sighed and said with a smile: "Don't be in such a hurry, right?" and I am not short of silver. ”

"That is, Wei Gongzi got hundreds of thousands of taels of silver, do you still care about 10,000 taels of silver?" Wu Sanfu smiled as a Buddhist youth, "It just so happens that you are here, we will attend the banquet of our classmates together today, my father will definitely spend the night in Yongping Mansion today, and my father will definitely attend the banquet tomorrow, right?" ”

Wu Xuexia didn't answer Wu Sanfu's words, didn't directly accept Wu Sanfu's Wei Bao's banquet invitation, secretly thinking about showing off talents in people's homes and holding a banquet with classmates, what are you doing so actively?

"Wei Gongzi, here is a silver ticket with 10,000 taels of silver, a silver ticket for the Great Shunfeng of the Jin Merchants, such as a fake exchange. You order a little bit, and then return the contract with my brother! Wu Xuexia took out a stack of silver tickets from her sleeve and stretched out to Wei Bao.

Wei Bao took it with a smile, didn't look at it, and handed it to Wang Qiuya: "Since Miss Wu is in such a hurry, take the contract to Miss Wu." ”

Wang Qiuya's face flushed: "I didn't bring it with me, I put it in the Maritime Chamber of Commerce Pavilion." ”

Wei Bao smiled at Wu Xuexia and said, "Miss Wu, this is my Maritime Chamber of Commerce, we have all arrived at the door, let's join our classmates together, right?" It's not fun to be without a beautiful woman like you. ”

Wu Sanfu heard Wei Bao praise his sister's beauty, and he didn't think that Wei Bao Meng Lang, but laughed, and said to Wu Xuexia: "Yes, it's all at the door, Xuexia, you can stay!" ”

Wu Xuexia heard Wei Bao say that she was beautiful in front of so many people, her pink face was slightly red, her beautiful eyes turned slightly, and she was noncommittal, but the contract was definitely going to be taken back.

Wu Sangui has not said anything, the 10,000 taels of silver tickets, naturally Wu Xiang gave him, Wu Xiang was angry, but the integrity was still very good, after taking the carriage back to the house, he immediately thought that Wu Sangui and Wei Bao bet that the 10,000 taels of silver had not been paid, so they asked Wu Xuexia and Wu Sangui to come over with the silver tickets to 'settle the account'.

Wu Sanfu saw that his sister was silent, so he knew that she wanted to participate, so he pulled his sister and Wu Sangui in with a smile.

Wei Bao also beckoned a few of his fellow classmates and some other classmates to come in, "Everyone has been here once, right?" Treat this place as your home, be casual, don't be considerate, and don't be surprised. ”

Everyone greeted politely for a while, although several sons had prejudices against Wei Bao in their hearts, especially seeing that Wei Bao had won so much silver this time, they were crazy with jealousy, but after all, everyone was a Sven person who was studying, and they were all okay on the surface.

Wei Bao is a person who comes from a business background, and naturally understands the truth, whether it is a true friend or not, as long as they can come together, it is a place where they have a common need to rely on, and there is a need to make friends, and it is much better to maintain a friend relationship than to become an opponent.

Even if you are an opponent, it is much better to have a good relationship on the surface than to be directly hostile.

There are four major banquets in the imperial examination, all of which are led by the government to invite students, because the imperial examination system since the Tang Dynasty, divided into two subjects, such as the Luming banquet and the Qionglin banquet for the liberal arts banquet, and the Yingyang banquet and the martial arts banquet for the martial arts banquet.

The Luming Banquet is a banquet set up for the new imperial examination, which originated in the Tang Dynasty and was named after the poem "Luming" in the "Book of Songs, Xiaoya" to be sung at the banquet. From the Tang Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties, it has been along the way.

The Qionglin Banquet is a banquet held for the new science and technology scholars, which originated in the Song Dynasty. "Qionglin" was originally a famous garden of the Song Dynasty, in the west of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), Song Hui Zongzheng and two years (112 years) ago, in the Qionglin Garden banquet of the new and the first Jinshi, so along the collective name "Qionglin Banquet", after a time changed to Wenxi Banquet, Yuan, Ming called Enrong Banquet.

The Eagle Yang Banquet is a banquet attended by the examiners and the martial artists in the examination after the test list of Wuke Township. The so-called eagle is to take the meaning of "the flying of the eagle".

The martial arts banquet is a banquet held in the military department after the trial release of the martial arts hall, and the scale is larger than the eagle banquet.

The tomorrow's banquet that Wu Xuexia just said was a big gathering of local families in western Liaoning! It was initiated by the prefect and invited the talents who passed the college examination this time!

It has not been more than ten years since this kind of large-scale banquet has been held in western Liaoning, especially because of the gatherings held for scientific expeditions, usually for some military and political matters, and the local families gather together.

This kind of gathering is a time for big families to show their strength, the more they have status, the more they have to participate, like Xiucai's identity, regardless of wealth, can also participate, this is some special phenomena in the feudal era.

Wei Bao used to be in film and television works and in the middle of it, and often heard that after Xiucai passed the scientific examination, the local government would hold a 'hairpin banquet', but Wei Bao found that the name was completely misleading, and it could even be said to be a rumor, and it could never be called a hairpin banquet.

"Men's hairpins" are a custom in ancient times for men to use seasonal flowers, or gold, silver, silk, etc., to make fake flowers and insert them in buns, sideburns or crowns as decoration or ceremonial procedures. The flowers of the hairpin are: dogwood, hibiscus flower, rose, plum blossom, apricot blossom, begonia pear, jasmine, peony, chrysanthemum and other styles.

In the pre-Qin period, flowers became a symbol of good things because of their beautiful appearance and fragrance. But in both the Central Plains and the Southlands, flowers are considered a feminine image because of their fragile material form.

There is also the wind of Perrin in the south.

Adorned with bluegrass, it means that the ambition is noble. Qu Yuan, who prides himself on his eyebrows, uses more than a dozen kinds of flowers and plants to decorate in "Lisao": Jiang Li, Fang Zhi, Du Heng, Liuyi, Jieche, Fungus Gui, Qiulan and so on.

The man's hairpin flower was first seen in Ouyang Xun's "Art and Literature Gathering" volume 58: "(Emperor Liang Jianwen) replied to the Marquis of Xinyu and the book of poems: '...... Han Chao Pan Lu, the temples are facing the light, the romance is extinct, the nine beams are arranged, the steps are ancient, and the high-rise buildings are resentful......'"

Nine beams: Nine horizontal ridges decorated towards the crown. The number of beams depends on the quality of the officials.

It can be seen that in the Liang State during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, at least in the upper class society of the Liang State, male hairpins were not demeaning.

"History of the Sui Dynasty" volume 12: "Flat scarves, black curtains, jade crown branches, gold flower ornaments, rhino hairpins, purple pleats, southern cloth silk, jade beam belts, long boots." The attendant Tian Hunt obeyed. ”

The clothes of the Sui prince when he went hunting are similar to the clothes of the upper class of the northern ethnic minorities in the Middle Ages.

The influence of Emperor Li Longji of the Tang Ming Dynasty is also quite deep.

"Taiping Guangji" quotes "Drum Record": "...... She wears a gauze hat and plays a song, picks a red hibiscus flower on it, and puts it on the hat. Both of them are extremely slippery, and they will be safe for a long time. With the song "Dancing Mountain Fragrance", and the flowers do not fall ......"

In the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhuo's "Drum Record" is written about the king of Ning, Li Jin, who traveled with the Ming Emperor, and the Ming Emperor picked a hibiscus flower and put it on his silk hat. The Tang Dynasty Duan Anjie's "Yuefu Miscellaneous Records" also has a similar record.

Yang Wanli in the Song Dynasty "Birthday Celebration Slogan": "Why should spring be urged? The king leads the spring back on the first day. The peony peony and the roses are all open to the Qianguan hat. ”

It can be seen that the custom of men's hairpins has been extremely prosperous in the Song Dynasty. This is deeply related to the fact that Emperor Tang Ming made hairpins for King Ning.

A custom that influences men's hairpins - Dogwood Festival (Chung Yeung Festival).

At least in the Han Dynasty, the Dogwood Society had already appeared.

The record of the Dogwood Society was first seen in the Jin Dynasty. Ge Hong's "Xijing Miscellaneous Records": "Jia Peilan, a person from the palace of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, wore a dogwood on September 9, ate bait, drank chrysanthemum wine, and the clouds made people live a long life. It has been passed down from ancient times, and I don't know why. ”

Southern Dynasty Liang, Wu Jun's "Continuation of Qi Harmonic Records": "Runan Hengjing, study tour with Fei Changfang. The long house said: On September 9, there was a great calamity in Runan. Urgently ordered the family to sew the bag and tie the dogwood to the arm to climb the mountain and drink chrysanthemum wine, this disaster can be eliminated. …… It is also true that the people of this world ascend on nine days. "Huan and Fei are both from the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In fact, in the Jin Dynasty, the dogwood meeting has become a relatively popular custom.

"The Jin Dynasty Zhou "Feng Tu Ji" said: September 9 in the law without shooting and counting nine, the vulgar is still this month to fold the dogwood room to plug, words to dispel the evil and resist the early cold."

In the Tang Dynasty, there were new changes in the dogwood society, and the role of chrysanthemums became important.

"Imperial Peiwen Zhai Guang Gang Fang Pu" quotes Li Sui's "Chronicles of the Age of the Emperor" in the Tang Dynasty: "On the ninth day, the palace is fighting for chrysanthemums, especially folk customs."

From wearing dogwoods to hairpins, there is a long process.

The bosom and chest are roughly the same as the form of Peilan Peiyu.

In the Han Dynasty, the dogwood was probably also around the waist or tied to the arm.

The Dogwood Society, which originated in the Han Dynasty, is characterized by: wearing Dogwood, eating bait, drinking chrysanthemum wine, and longevity (warding off evil spirits).

In the Tang Dynasty, the phenomenon of hairpins wearing dogwoods and chrysanthemums appeared more widely in social activities. The hairpin flower and the hairpin wear dogwood are overlapping with cultural connotations.

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, a period of great social change, Buddhism gradually became an influential social force.

Compared with other countries, the countries of the Western Regions are deeply influenced by Indian culture.

In the Han Dynasty, the Dogwood Society, which drank chrysanthemum wine, experienced the intermediate state of "inserting dogwood, and using chrysanthemums instead of dogwoods during the Double Ninth Festival", forming the phenomenon of "men and women inserting chrysanthemums on sideburns", which is the direct root of the custom of men's hairpins.

However, the prosperity of men's hairpins in the Tang Dynasty was not entirely a conscious behavior of traditional culture, but gradually became popular in the whole society after being influenced by Indian culture during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and by the rulers of the Tang Dynasty (and giving it a unique meaning).

In the official history of the Tang Dynasty, we cannot find any record of men's hairpins. It can be seen that in the Tang Dynasty, men's hairpins were not the mainstream cultural elements.

However, in the "All Tang Dynasty Poems" and the customs notes of the Tang Dynasty, the description of the hairpin customs of the Tang Dynasty can still show the trajectory of the hairpin culture of men in the Tang Dynasty.

"Young talents" became the characteristics of hairpin men.

Ming Tao Zongyi's "Saying Xuan" quoted Li Nao's "Chronicles of the Middle Years of Qin" in the Tang Dynasty: "The first banquet of Jinshi's 'apricot garden' is called the flower exploration banquet. The two of them are the flower explorers, and they travel all over the famous garden, if they fold the flowers first, the two envoys will be punished. ”

The flower tanning envoy is the Tang Dynasty when the new science and technology Jinshi gave a banquet, the person who picks and folds the famous flowers, often takes the two Jinshi who are the youngest in the same list. Apricot blossoms also have the cultural connotation of the first flower.

Tang Dynasty Zheng Gu's poem "Qujiang Red Apricot": "The girl folds diligently, and the Tao is the spring breeze and the first flower." This kind of trip to the apricot garden has also become an image, and has become the birthmark of the thoughts of literati who take the imperial examination as the only way out in life, regardless of whether these literati are frustrated or proud. For example, Meng Jiao's "After Dengke" "The spring breeze is proud, and I see all the Chang'an flowers in one day." Cui Daorong, "Two Spring Songs" "Youth is not proud, but the flowers are like clouds." ”

The royal family of the Tang Dynasty not only appeared with men's hairpins, but also gave flowers to their favorite ministers.

Wang Renyu of the fifth dynasty recorded in "The Remains of Kaiyuan Tianbao": "In the spring of Chang'an, it is full of pleasure, and the garden trees are endless. Therefore, the bachelor Su Ying should make the clouds' fly and form a red mist, and the green clouds will float on the cover. 'The emperor looked at it, rewarded it, and then put it on the scarf with the royal flower. The time is glorious. ”

It is an honorable thing for the courtiers to be able to obtain the flower of the ruler's hairpin, because it signifies that the hairpin flower bearer has the meaning of "talent".

This kind of emperor's reward for his courtiers was recorded from the beginning of the Tang Dynasty to the end of the Ming Dynasty, except for the Yuan Dynasty, especially in the Song Dynasty.

This sense of glory is the main reason for the prosperity and demise of men's hairpin culture.

In ancient China, the custom of folk men's hairpins was the same as the custom of feasting and drinking in the upper class of the Tang Dynasty.

In most cases, in the poems of the Tang Dynasty, men's hairpins are always combined with drinking.

Li Mengfu's "Examination and Answer": "What's the problem with flower arrangement and drinking, and singing fishing songs is not in the way." ”

Zhang Mi's "Jiuquanzi": "Xianyang Gu wine treasure hairpin is empty, smiling and pointing to the return of Weiyang, the flower arrangement is red, and the moon is bright." ”

Huang Tao's "Breaking Wine": "To avoid being dragged by Lang Junjun, and being hated by hairpins." The silk pipe thinks about the horse when it is time, and the monk is left alone after the pond is clear. ”

Sometimes he also bluntly says that he is drunk: Cui Daorong's "Two Spring Questions" Cui Daorong "The road is full of white-faced Lang, drunk and full of flower arrangement." ”

Du Guangting (Yihe Zheng Invite) "Three Songs of Mountain Dwelling": "Summer is crazy and rainy, and spring is drunk and wears flowers to sleep." ”

It can be seen that at that time, feasting and drinking men's hairpins were two closely related activities. This shows that the men's feasting and drinking hairpin flowers is the development of the Dogwood Society.

Most of the celebrations of festivals in China are combined with feasting and drinking, which determines the close combination of banquet and drinking customs and festival customs. Therefore, the style of hairpins has gradually appeared in other festivals with feasts and drinks from a festival custom.

The dogwood of the Double Ninth Festival changed from the wearing of the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to a hairpin on the head.

Wang Wei's "Memories of Shandong Brothers on September 9th", Wang Wei is seventeenth year: "The remote knowledge brothers ascended to the heights, and there was one less person in the dogwoods. ”

Wang Changling's "Nine Days of Ascending": "The dogwood is suitable for longevity, and the jade hairpin dances to be worried. ”

Lu Lun's "Nine Days of Accompanying Lang Dengtai White Building": "Dogwood, a flower reflecting the hairpin." ”

People put chrysanthemums on their heads instead of dogwoods. Du Mu's "Nine Days of Qi'an Ascending": "It is rare to laugh in the world, and chrysanthemums must be inserted into the head. ”

"History of the Song Dynasty" volume one hundred and fifty-three: "Zhongxing, suburbs, Mingtang ceremony after the completion of the Huiluan, ministers and servants and hairpins ......." ”

When pardoning or executing a prisoner, the jailer hairpins.

"History of the Song Dynasty" volume 65: "(Shaoxing) county prison has falsely accused filial piety women to kill their aunts, women can not be self-explanatory, belonging to the executioner to insert a bun in the stone gap, saying: Life can test my injustice." ”

"Dream Lianglu" volume 5: "The general affairs of the house received the pardon and read it, and the two divisions of the Dali Temple were handed down to see the prisoners of the crime of forbidden rods, dressed in brown clothes, lotus flails, and kneeling under the door with the jailer's hairpin, and the decree was released. ”

The custom of hairpins reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. The custom of hairpins is very popular in officialdom, and it has been institutionalized and ritualized, and it is recorded in the official history.

"On March 3, the thirteenth year of Shaoxing, the furnishings of the Zhaoyan Hall stopped using crimson and yellow, and did not use embroidery, so that the company complied with it, and did not make it."

"It is necessary to pass the decree to chase the class, and then sit down at the back feast, and give the ministers and hundreds of officials and guards and palace attendants flowers, each according to the taste of hairpins. On the small hat of Yi Huang robe, drive out and sit again, and also put a few small Luo silk flower hats. ”

"Tiewei Mountain Cong Talk" volume 6: "Yuanfeng Zhongshenzong tasted the golden pool, and it was a flower in Luoyang that was suitable for Yao Huang, and the flower surface was two inches, but the palace flower was not royal, but the hairpin Yao Huang returned. ”

The peony has bloomed, and the golden pond hairpin near the emperor's palace is the palace flower (fake flower made of silk). However, the emperor preferred a real peony that was more than a foot in size, and Yao Huang was considered a flower that only the emperor could wear because of its color and shape. But there are times when there are no hairpins.

Check the "Hui Yao": "On October 19, the fourth year of Jiading, the decree was issued: In the event of a great court meeting, a holy feast, and a congratulatory return to Luan, the Lord will not have hairpins. ”

After the revival of the government, in order to win the hearts of the people, the Song Emperor gradually extended many things that could only be used at the top of the bureaucracy to the lower levels of officialdom, and hairpins were one of them. However, the types of hairpins are divided into grades and categories according to the different ranks and positions of officials.

"History of the Song Dynasty" volume one hundred and fifty-three: "The big Luo flower is red, yellow, and silver red, the luan branch is variegated Luo, and the big silk flower is red and silver red." Luo Hua is given to hundreds of officials, Luan Zhi, and there are above the eunuchs; Silk flowers are given to the following generals. ”

"Menglianglu" volume 6 "The flowers of his ministers are given according to the official order: the ministers and privy envoys each give eighteen large flowers and ten Luanzhi flowers,...... Self-trained Takero ...... And according to the official order to give the flower hairpin to wear. The flowers of the fast official hat are delicate and follow the wicker. The teaching and music center is full of workers, miscellaneous dramas, wrapped in high clusters of flower branches, and a hundred plays are installed in the middle, and the line is turned. Personnel of the Division...... There are many pearl flowers, pretending to be flower hats. ”

It is conceivable that those Song Dynasty scholars who were very serious in the books wore colorful flowers on their heads, and people pointed and pointed at each other according to the color, size, and texture of the flowers they put on.

In the Song Dynasty, although the country was poor and weak after a long period of war, the ruler came to power through a coup d'état, lacking the spirit of hard work of the Han and Tang courts, and coveted comfort and indulgence. As a custom that was very widespread in the court and among the people, hairpins were given luxurious connotations because of the promotion of the ruling class in the Song Dynasty.

"(Sima Guang) is a young man, he doesn't like to be glamorous, he doesn't wear flowers when he hears the wedding banquet, and he says in the same language: 'The king's gift cannot be violated.'" It is a hairpin. ”

In the Song Dynasty, the hairpin flower has become a symbol of the whole society.

The emperor of the Song Dynasty gave flowers, which has formed a system, which is more detailed than the records of the Tang Dynasty, and the giving of flowers has been ritualized.

"History of the Song Dynasty" volume one hundred and thirteen: "In the first two moments, the imperial history Taidong went to the cabinet door to urge the class, the group of officials wore flowers to the north, the inner attendant entered the Banqi card, the emperor gathered in the Ying Palace, and the hundred officials thanked the flowers and bowed again, and then bowed and sat down. (Tribute Shi Banquet, the name is Wen Xi Banquet) Shaoqing, wear flowers, and the banquet official Yi Wangque stands, thank the flowers, and then worship Yi, and sit down. ”

From this step-by-step etiquette, it can be seen that the flower giving in the Song Dynasty has changed from the Tang Dynasty emperor's favor to the courtiers into a kind of etiquette.

During the Tang Dynasty, chrysanthemums had become an important role in celebrating birthdays.

"New Tang Dynasty Book": "Where the Son of Heaven feasts, he will travel to Yu." For the Prime Minister and the Bachelor to get from ...... Autumn Deng's Temple of Mercy and Grace, offering chrysanthemum wine to call longevity. ”

From the records of the "History of the Song Dynasty", it can also be seen that the hairpin flower is an important role in the worship of longevity.

"History of the Song Dynasty" volume 99: "The guide driver drove from the Duancheng Palace hairpin flower to Deshou Palace on his birthday, drank blessings and congratulated, furnished the ritual note, and the same birthday ceremony."

Volume one hundred and twelve: "It was early in the morning, and hundreds of civil and military officials and hairpins went to the Wende Hall to set up a class to listen to the Xuanqing birthday pardon. After the ceremony, from the driving officer, should be the official, the guard, etc., and the hairpin flower from the driving back inside, the civil and military hundred bureaucrats Wende Hall to congratulate the birthday. ”

Volume one hundred and thirty: "Please celebrate the birthday and worship day, and the holy car will also be used for music and hairpins." ”

This is related to the "longevity" mentioned in Ge Hong's "Xijing Miscellaneous Records" in the Jin Dynasty, and there is a cultural inheritance relationship.

The types of hairpin flowers are: raw flowers and elephant raw flowers.

Raw flowers are real flowers; Like a flower, it is a fake flower.

Yao Huang is a valuable variety of peony. The palace flower is like a flower.

Although the price of raw flowers is expensive, the Song people still like raw flowers the most, and when they meet the envoys of the Liao State, they pretend to wear flowers made of silk silk to express frugality. "When the Liao envoy is in court, he will use silk flowers to cover it to show courtesy and frugality."

According to research, the flowers of the hairpin have hibiscus flowers, roses, plum blossoms, apricot blossoms, begonia pears, jasmine, peonies, chrysanthemums and other styles.

Elephant flowers, also known as colored flowers. Generally, it is made of Luo, silk, and silk, and there are flowers made of Tongcao (Tongtuo wood).

The fifth chapter of "Water Margin": "There is a branch of Luo Silk like a flower on the sideburns. ”

Raw flowers are not available all year round, and they are easy to decay and change color, and they are expensive, so people use fake flowers instead. Like a flower, the style simulates a flower, but there is also a record of Tang Zhongzong giving a bachelor's flower to his ministers, and Tang Xuanzong also has a record of giving royal flowers. The Song Dynasty roughly inherited the Tang system.

The minority regimes of the same era as the Song Dynasty also used hairpins as a ritual.

The hairpin culture of the Song Dynasty court also affected the Jin State in the exchanges and confrontations between the Song and Jin Dynasty. The magnates of the Jurchen tribe also practiced the ritual of hairpins at ceremonial banquets.

In the Song Dynasty, there are many times more works depicting male hairpins than women.

The close combination of men's hairpins and feasting proves that this kind of feasting hairpins should originate from the style of drinking hairpins in the Dogwood Club (Chung Yeung Festival) and the hairpins given to the banquet after the Zhongjin Shi.

Feasting and drinking hairpins gradually developed into a necessary etiquette when the literati class feasted.

Anonymous's "Laughing Order": "Refers to wine and flowers." Wear a flower party on your head to drink. With a flower plug, raise a glass and drink. ”

The Jin State was once the suzerainty of Mongolia, and the official clothing of the Yuan people also had gold flowers.

However, in the Yuan Dynasty, when society underwent major changes, the literati were divided.

Especially at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the national contradictions and class contradictions were very acute, and the imperial examination system was not restored, and the path of the middle and lower class literati was greatly narrowed, and their lives declined. With the exception of a few bureaucrats who were dependent on the rulers of the Yuan dynasty, the majority of the literati were oppressed. The "good interactive relationship" between the Han emperor and the literati was greatly damaged.

From the Song Dynasty's flower-giving and favoring to the servile status of the Yuan and Ming dynasties, it can be said that the dignity and existence of literati have been most seriously tested.

When the economic and political status declined, the status of the literati was inevitably discriminated against by the people.

Traditional identity symbols, such as "hairpins", will inevitably become something that provokes the body and becomes a symbol of the disadvantaged.

Therefore, the disappearance of the "men's hairpin culture" is also inevitable.

In the Ming Dynasty, the custom of men's hairpins gradually weakened, and the etiquette gradually strengthened.

The court of the Ming Dynasty still followed the ancient system, but it has been greatly simplified.

"History of the Ming Dynasty" volume one hundred and sixty-one: "Yingzong hunted in the north, tried to stop, and said that all the beings said: The story should be a hairpin feast, and now the courtiers are pillowing in the autumn, and they dare not fall into the injustice of the kings." ”

When Chongzhen, the hairpin people were not all the people in the banquet, but only the favored courtiers.

History of the Ming Dynasty, volume 253: "...... After the banquet, the ministers wore red hairpins for (Jiantai) and used drum music to guide Shang Fang's sword. ”

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, if a man wore a hairpin, it would be considered a joke.

"History of the Ming Dynasty" volume 294: "Bing (rebellious soldiers) held Beijing (Yushi Sujing), dressed in women's clothes, and ordered the flower arrangement, which was slightly violated, and it was laughed at. ”

In the literary works describing the culture of the Ming Dynasty, the hairpin flower has become a thing that only appears in festive ceremonies, and only appears in weddings, birthday celebrations and middle lifts. In particular, the hairpin flower in the middle of the imperial examination shows the deep influence of the imperial examination culture on the nation, and the rest are just some vassal elegance in the classics and dramas.

"The wind of men's hairpins" has gone with history.

In short, the custom of Han men to wear hairpins appeared during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and was influenced by the Western Regions and India; In the Tang Dynasty, due to the important influence of the imperial examination culture and the promotion of the upper class, it arose; In the Song Dynasty, the civil service system was more developed, and this style was more popular and ritualized; However, after the Yuan and Mongolian regimes, the status of literati declined sharply, and men's hairpins were endowed with the connotation of discrimination.

Therefore, according to Wei Bao's observation, at this time, a similar banquet is called a mansion banquet, and it will never be called a 'hairpin banquet'.

The early Ming Dynasty may still be a little influenced by the Song and Yuan dynasties, but in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, it is impossible to do this kind of thing.

A man wears a flower on his head, is it disgusting to think about it?

At this time, there was an endless stream of people who came to the Maritime Chamber of Commerce and the Tiandi Firm, and most of them were sent by local wealthy families and merchants to congratulate Wei Bao on his talent examination.

Although Wei Bao's home is in a poor and remote country, if you take the local area of Liaoxi, it is not a fellow villager, but after all, the Tiandi business has been doing business here for a while, and everyone is normal etiquette.

There are still many people who are cautious, because many of them are people who participated in Wei Bao's gambling, and selfishly hope that Wei Bao can 'show mercy' and return a little?

"You're proud now, aren't you? won the show again, and won such a large sum of silver! Now I'm afraid that it is already a first-class family in western Liaoning, but it is not a famous family! Wu Xuexia followed Wei Bao to the second floor of the Maritime Chamber of Commerce, looking at the sunshine, the bright street scene, and the endless flow of people on the street.

Wei Bao smiled: "I was quite proud just now, but now that I have worked hard for a while, I think it's actually okay." ”

When Wu Xuexia heard this, she rolled her eyes at Wei Bao beside her, and then looked at Wu Sanfu. Actually, it's okay? Can you still pack a little more? The first time I participated in the scientific examination, I won the show in one fell swoop, you are only 14 years old, so if it is actually good, then what is my brother?