After the bourgeois revolution triggered by the Young Turks, the tension over the independence of Bulgaria as a kingdom and the announcement by Austria-Hungary of the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina caused a discussion at the top of the government.

Sultan Abdul Hamid II, who had little real power after the bourgeois revolution, also attended this meeting at this time of crisis, which was related to the fate of the Ottoman Empire. As the nominal leader, he first asked the government officials below. "What do we do now?"

In the face of Sudan's questions, Foreign Minister Mohammed Rifaat Pasha can only express his views on the crisis. "Your Highness the Sultan, with regard to the region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, we should negotiate with Austria-Hungary for compensation. After all, Austria-Hungary has been in custody for 30 years, and everyone knows what Austria-Hungary thinks. We also don't have the strength to solve two problems at the same time. ”

The Foreign Minister continued after speaking about Bosnia and Herzegovina's response. "For Bulgaria to become a kingdom independently, I think it is necessary to mobilize troops to the Bulgarian front, we must express to the outside world that we do not recognize Bulgaria's independence, and the subsequent measures must first be determined by the attitude of European countries."

As a foreign minister for 9 years, Mohammed Rifat Pasha's diplomatic skills are still a bit level, and he also knows the Sultan's mind too well, but as an old fritter, he certainly won't break it.

Having seen the clever tactics of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Minister of War, El Pasha, also expressed his opinion. "I agree with the Foreign Minister's suggestion that the military's attitude is that now we can only guarantee the use of our forces in one direction. Bulgaria is so close to our capital that it will only take a week's march to reach us. It's too dangerous for us to let Bulgaria become independent so easily, and it will make the Balkan countries even more interested in our Albania, Thrace and Macedonian regions, and it will increase the pressure on our military to defend these places. ”

After the new Minister of War, El Pasha, spoke, Finance Minister Camille Pasha voiced his displeasure. "Are we just waiting for the verdict of the European countries, everyone knows that there are Russians behind Bulgaria, and now that Russia, France, and Britain are almost wearing a pair of pants, can we only wait?"

The mind of Camille Pasha was well known, and if the war was fought against Bulgaria, then the Macedonian regiment, which was mainly of the Young Turks, would bear the brunt of the battle.

Regarding the intention of the Minister of Finance, the leader of the Young Turks party, Talat Pasha, retorted. "The Minister of Finance can't see the situation clearly. Bulgaria we are not afraid, but who will Russia stand behind to resist, honorable Minister of Finance? ”

In the face of Talat Pasha's questioning, Finance Minister Camille Pasha couldn't help but speak. "Isn't it your army's duty to resist a foreign invasion?"

"We gave advice, but you ignored it."

Seeing the quarrel between the two, as the "hero of freedom" of this revolution, Enver Pasha knew it was time to stand up. "Your Highness the Sultan, I have volunteered to defend the Bulgarian border. If war breaks out, I will be the first to rush to the battlefield, and we, the Young Turks, will shed the last drop of blood for the country. ”

In the face of Enver Pasha's impassionedness, Sultan Abdul Hamid II knew about this star man who had diminished his power. As a monarch who has reigned for decades, there are still basic city governments. "I am very glad that the country has such a heroic figure as Enver Pasha, and we can all feel your patriotic fervor, and I believe that it will fulfill your wishes."

Enver Pasha listened to what the Sultan had to say to him, and he had a plan in his heart. Going to the Bulgarian border allows the people to see their patriotic fervor. The current title of "Hero of Freedom" cannot satisfy himself. Only by gaining greater rights can you make yourself satisfied.

After discussions in Turkey, while discussing with Austria-Hungary the issue of compensation for the transfer of Bosnia and Herzegovina. While troops were being mobilized to the Bulgarian border, Bulgaria was not to be outdone in taking the same steps. Soon this situation led to the mediation of Russia behind Bulgaria.

In St. Petersburg, Nicholas II had long been prepared for the current situation. "We want to give Bulgaria support and pull them to our side."

The message crossed the Black Sea to the Russian embassy in Turkey, where Ambassador Midnović, having received instructions from the Tsar, took a car to the Ottoman Turkish Foreign Ministry. Met with Foreign Minister Mohamed Rifaat Pasha.

"Your Excellency, we are very concerned about the tension in your country and Bulgaria, and it will not benefit anyone." Ambassador Midnović walked into the Foreign Minister's office and spoke to Foreign Minister Mohammad Rifat Pasha about Russia's attitude.

"Bulgaria's unilateral announcement of this news is disrespectful to the Ottoman Empire. It is also a violation of the Berlin Treaty, and we have reason to make a strong counterattack against Bulgaria. Foreign Minister Mohammed Rifaat Pasha said strongly.

Hearing the tough tone of the Ottoman Foreign Minister, Ambassador Midnović replied. "As for the complete independence of Bulgaria, this is also a manifestation of the will of the Bulgarian people, and it is difficult for us to stop the will of the people. As for the lack of consultation with the Ottoman Empire, which is indeed a bad thing they did, I will tell Bulgaria of the displeasure of the foreign minister, and I believe they will send someone to apologize. ”

In the face of the Russians' naked partiality towards Bulgaria, Foreign Minister Mohamed Rifat Pasha did not have a good solution. After sending the Russians away, he approached the British ambassador for help.

On the same day, when he invited British Ambassador Silke to a dinner with Foreign Minister Mohammad Rifat Pasha, after dinner, the foreign minister told the British ambassador about Turkey's plight and hoped to get help.

British Ambassador Silke sat on the sofa and said slowly to the foreign minister. "Your Excellency the Foreign Minister is really worried about the current situation, and Bulgaria is really not doing the right thing. I will send the news back home and trust the British government to lend a helping hand to the Ottoman Empire. ”

After the news reached Downing Street, Prime Minister Asquith saw Osman's request and told Foreign Secretary Edward Gray. "Let the ambassador to the Ottoman negotiate with the Russians and ask them to give the Ottoman a little compensation. The current situation in the Balkans is really troubling.

Foreign Secretary Edward Grey nodded in approval of the Prime Minister's words. "These Ottomans are used to being bullied by the Russians, and they will make a big fuss whenever something implicates Russia. It is Germany that is really worrying now. "Have they built new ships?"

London's reply put Ambassador Silke in touch with the Russians, and after a friendly exchange. Eventually, Russia agreed to waive Turkish reparations for the 1878 war, and in exchange, Ottoman Turkey also waived its claim to Bulgaria for reparations and recognized Bulgaria's independence.

Seeing this condition, Foreign Minister Mohamed Rifat Pasha was silent in thought, and the British and Russian ambassadors sat opposite the foreign minister, waiting for an answer. "Isn't there any room for revision?" The foreign minister asked reluctantly. "I believe this is the greatest effort of the British Empire." British Ambassador Silke said, glancing at Russian Ambassador Midnovich. "This is also the biggest concession from Russia."

Eventually, Ottoman Turkey agreed to this condition. Negotiations with Austria-Hungary also yielded the renunciation of nominal suzerainty over the provinces of Poland and Herzegovina at a cost of £2.5 million. At this point, the Ottoman Turks' response to Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria's violation of the Treaty of Berlin was completely dominated by the European powers.

This made the Balkan countries see the weakness of Turkey, whose ambitions for his European territories were about to be irrepressible.