"Song Yingxing, a member of the Xuankaiwu Division, is here!" Wang Chengen shouted at the mulberry, and then it was passed out one by one.

When many civil and military officials heard this, they thought that it was related to this Song Yingxing, so what did he do?

Curious, almost all the officials turned around and looked behind them to varying degrees.

After a while, I saw Song Yingxing walking in the front, followed by a team of attendants, either holding or carrying things.

Almost all the civil and military officials, even those Jinyi guards and others looked at it fixedly, and they were suddenly stupid: Where did so many crystals come from?

That's right, the things in the hands of these chamberlains are very transparent, just like crystal.

However, as soon as they thought so, they heard Song Yingxing say loudly to Emperor Chongzhen: "Weichen has been entrusted by His Majesty, and now he can finally burn colorless glass, with different shapes, please take a look!" ”

From the first time he met Emperor Chongzhen in the twelfth year of Chongzhen, the emperor confessed to fire the glass and provided a lot of ideas, and it was not until the beginning of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen that it was completed. The most important thing is that this is still to use the power of the imperial court, call the best craftsmen in the Ming Dynasty, work together, solve problems when encountered, and finally hand over this answer sheet.

In this regard, Song Yingxing was not very happy, because he knew from the emperor that Xiyi had already been able to burn glass, and Daming had only fired it now, so what could he be proud of!

At this time, although Emperor Chongzhen knew, he still looked at it, but saw that Song Yingxing asked people to place the glass in front of the emperor, with various shapes, hollow, solid, tubular, and flat......

Among them, there are glassware specially requested by Emperor Chongzhen for chemical experiments, and Song Yingxing has fired them. In addition, flat glass is actually more difficult, and now Song Yingxing has also burned it, not bad, not bad!

Emperor Chongzhen praised in his heart, and he was very happy.

In this way, I believe that there will be leaps and bounds in chemistry.

The glass industry is not only widely used in life, but also has a great help for chemistry. The Ming Dynasty was unable to fire glass before, because it was difficult to pass this transparent and colorless test. In other aspects, Daming actually has a foundation.

Among them, Yanshen Town in Shandong is an important production area of the ancient glass industry of the Ming Dynasty, and the glass products such as beads through the light screen, chess game, tent hook, pillow top and so on are not only unique in style, but also pure in color, which can be manufactured in various colors according to the need, but it is not colorless and transparent. During this period, there was also mold casting and pressure molding technology, and blowing technology was also used.

All in all, Daming's glass industry is almost colorless and transparent. Therefore, although Daming's glasses and telescopes have been made, their raw materials are still made of crystal.

At this time, Emperor Chongzhen, in an excited mood, even stepped down from the throne and approached these glass products, without Song Yingxing to introduce them, he happily introduced them to the civil and military officials.

"See, this can be used for windows and roofs, so that the house will be bright!"

"This thing, don't look small, it can be combined to see far, yes, it's a telescope. In addition, it can also be used for myopia glasses, which is the gospel of my Ming scholars! ”

"And this, there is a standard scale on it, well, it is stipulated by me, and the unified unit of measurement in the future, and then more tests, it will be accurate, which is very helpful to me in many aspects......"

“……”

Emperor Chongzhen was happy, and suddenly gushed out, derived from the basic application of glass, including telescopes, magnifying glasses, and glasses and other production principles, etc., the entire early morning dynasty became his home field, just watching him show.

At this point in time at the end of the Ming Dynasty, for this knowledge, it happened to be in an era that was half-understood. Those Western missionaries brought those Western knowledge, and there were many scholars and doctors in the Ming Dynasty who learned it, such as Xu Guangqi and others.

For these things in the West, there are even many of them overshadowed by some mystery. For example, it is rumored that these Xiyi are a bit of alchemy, and can turn mercury into silver. Matteo Ricci records that a father and son in Zhaoqing believed in this and joined the Western religion in order to learn this alchemy.

There was also a time before, when Emperor Chongzhen asked Song Yingxing and Chen Zilong to teach the crown prince, they also explained similar knowledge, and among these scholars and doctors in the Ming Dynasty, they also had a certain impression.

Emperor Chongzhen's narration, if people who don't understand listen to it, they will be in a fog, and they don't understand it at all, and they don't know what level of knowledge they are; And if people in later generations listen to it, as long as they have gone to high school, they can basically know it, and it will be nothing; But these people who are a little basic, but don't understand it, listen to it, it seems profound.

All of a sudden, these civil and military generals of the Ming Dynasty had the impression that the emperor's knowledge was really very profound!

At the same time, many people's eyes are fixed on the glassware, their other abilities may be average, but the sense of smell to make money is nothing to say.

Not to mention anything else, just to solve the problem that the reader's eyes can't see things clearly, no matter how much money is spent, as long as there is money, he will buy it. And are the readers rich? Most of the people who read are definitely rich!

Also, if the windows and roof tiles are replaced with this kind of flat glass, isn't the so-called window bright and clean, isn't it what everyone is pursuing? When the light is good, you will be in a good mood to read a book. If the family has a little money, who would think this thing is expensive?

……

So, after Emperor Chongzhen finally finished speaking, many civil and military generals began to ask the emperor sideways, what will be done with this glass?

Since Emperor Chongzhen took it out, of course he had already planned it. It was immediately announced that state-owned glass factories would be set up in the 13 provinces of the two capitals of the Ming Dynasty, and the imperial court and the royal family would take 51 percent of the shares with technology, and the remaining 49 percent would be put up for auction. Well, it's a one-by-one auction. In this way, more people can be involved. Of course, Emperor Chongzhen did not break his promise to Song Yingxing's shares before, and announced it in public.

At this moment, everyone looked at Song Yingxing, and their eyes were red.

This glass is definitely a cornucopia, the share auction, with the wealth of the Ming Dynasty, it is definitely a sky-high price. Song Yingxing owns one percent of the shares, and how much money he can get that year is unimaginable!

This point, even at the end of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, glass is money, and it is also the consensus of everyone.

In the original history, in April of the 30th year of Guangxu, Boshan Glass Company published a "prospectus" in Shanghai's "Sino-foreign Daily" to broaden the share capital. According to Zhang Weiyong, an expert in literature and history in Boshan District, its shares are divided into five grades, with 1,000 taels of silver per share of the first class, 500 taels of silver per share of the second class, 100 taels of silver per share of the third class, 50 taels of silver per share of the fourth class, and 10 taels of silver per share of the fifth class. Referring to the bank deposit interest example, the interest is calculated at 5%, and the settlement is made at the end of the year. The profit is divided into 10 percent, one percent serves the government, one percent is used as a provident fund, 5 percent is used for expanding reproduction, and 30 percent is used as a "bonus".

However, the Boshan Glass Company eventually ended up bankrupt, because all the technology and equipment were imported from Germany, and even the technicians were Germans, with a monthly salary of five or six hundred taels of silver, and the technicians of general blowing operations also had three or four hundred taels per month. Each person is equipped with a horse, groom and cook. This money is spent like this, even a cornucopia is not enough, not to mention, at the end of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, there were all kinds of drawbacks, and it would be strange not to go bankrupt.

And on this plane, Song Yingxing has been secretly preparing for all these years under the order, and the technology and everything are mastered by himself before they are announced. Being subject to others, that doesn't exist. Another emperor looked at it and distributed the benefits to the rich people of all walks of life in the Ming Dynasty, can this glass factory go bankrupt? That's weird!

The reason why a glass factory should be set up in the two capitals and thirteen provinces is mainly because the traffic in this era is too inconvenient. If only one glass factory is set up in Beijing, most of the cost of selling glass in the south is due to transportation, which is too cost-effective.

According to Emperor Chongzhen's meaning, this glass product should not be sold too expensive, at least the glassware used for chemical experiments must be absolutely low, so that ordinary scholars can afford to use it. As for those flat glasses that are mainly used as luxury goods, it is no problem to be more expensive, and you can even use this high price to spread the cost of glassware for chemical experiments.

As soon as Emperor Chongzhen's will came out, all the taverns, teahouses, businessmen and people across the Ming Dynasty were talking about this glass factory. Correspondingly, the deposits of the branches of the Daming Royal Bank in the two capitals and thirteen provinces began to grow rapidly. After all, it is too inconvenient to auction shares and carry silver in kind.

In Emperor Chongzhen's plan, a glass factory in each province, although it only covers the province, it is necessary to build a large glass factory, and give glass factory workers and workers in related industries more generous treatment, so as to attract them to transfer out of cotton spinning and other industries.

After the glass factory was established, the number of glasses craftsmen surged, and on the streets of Daming, there were more people with glasses. After all, glass glasses are definitely much cheaper than crystal glasses. Ordinary readers, even if they are not rich and expensive, can afford to wear them.

The changes brought about by this glass can be said to have profoundly begun to change the Ming Dynasty.

One thing, what Emperor Chongzhen didn't expect was that Song Yingxing's example made countless scholars indulge in the study of various items, and correspondingly, it also led to the popularization of physics and chemistry. They fantasized that if they could invent a new thing that could make money like Song Yingxing, they would be able to make money lying down.

The chemical industry, also known as alchemy in ancient China, was originally slowly declining. However, many emperors of the Ming Dynasty had a hobby of cultivating immortals, such as the famous Jiajing Emperor, so it led to the second spring of alchemy. Many chemical experiments, such as distillation to extract mercury and nitric acid, were already mature in the Ming Dynasty.

But in general, it is the West that is ahead. Even many of the chemical methods on the Ming side were passed on by Western missionaries. However, the glass has always been hidden in the West like a treasure, and now Song Yingxing has made it out at the behest of Emperor Chongzhen, which is definitely a great promotion for the development of chemistry or alchemy in the Ming Dynasty.

Feeling the importance of this glass, Emperor Chongzhen even sighed in his heart: If future generations can know, it doesn't matter what else you do, the refining method of glass must be understood, what if you cross it? This is definitely a weapon to come by, there is no one!

Because of the glass matter, Emperor Chongzhen began to pay attention to all kinds of knowledge of the Ming Dynasty, and suddenly, he made a lot of new discoveries. It was during this Chongzhen period that there were already many Western missionaries in the Ming Dynasty who brought Western learning, from astronomical calendar to geometric mathematics, from human anatomy to Western learning, from iron smelting to various refining, etc., many things are outlined, or incomplete, or lack of key things, but at least it is a scientific and systematic introduction of knowledge.

With this discovery, Emperor Chongzhen had to put his focus on sorting out these knowledge. Relatively speaking, on the side of the Ming Dynasty, even Song Yingxing's "Heavenly Creations" lacks a systematic discussion of science and technology. Xiyi did go in front of Daming in this piece.

In that case, why can't you use it!

Emperor Chongzhen didn't have any psychological burden on this, so on the basis of the knowledge he collected, he began to supplement what he knew, and made certain modifications according to the actual situation of the Ming Dynasty, so that the readers of the Ming Dynasty could understand it more easily.

I have to say that only Emperor Chongzhen can do this job in the whole world. And this job is easy to say, but it is very time-consuming to do. Therefore, Emperor Chongzhen spent most of his energy on this aspect, except for some necessary political affairs.

In this way, the scientific and technological knowledge revised by Emperor Chongzhen immediately shocked the scholars of the Ming Dynasty. For example, a very simple one, since ancient times, they all think that the heart is the organ of thinking. However, in the anatomical book revised by Emperor Chongzhen, it was clearly stated that the brain is the human organ of thinking.

Also, why apples don't fall to the sky, but to the ground, is because all things have mutual forces, that is, gravitational force, which is related to mass. Newton's laws were published in advance. It's a pity that Comrade Newton, who was born in January of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, could not be famous in the world with this.

Those Western missionaries originally wanted to get close to Emperor Chongzhen, and wanted to open a breakthrough in the Ming Dynasty through these knowledge. However, Emperor Chongzhen was too busy, they never had a chance, and when Emperor Chongzhen did not lead his troops out to fight, they wanted to continue to approach Emperor Chongzhen, but suddenly saw those books that Emperor Chongzhen had changed.