See Conquering the World Chapter 118 Pattern (11)

Please recommend

Fu Rui's breath was suffocated, and his face became ugly. 【n Look】

However, he still had to admit that Chu Yu was telling the truth.

Now it is different from half a year ago, the defeat of Yao Chang's father and son has made Fu Hong's position more and more stable, and now it is easy to shake it.

To some extent, it can be said that I missed this opportunity.

But after thinking about it, Fu Rui did not regret it, because this was a decision made by himself after careful consideration, and he weighed it again and again, and knew that in the special period of time before, it was impossible to do it, because what he wanted was to replace it, not completely overturn the table.

In any case, he is still a Di person, and he is consistent with Fu Hong and others in terms of national interests.

Since it is not Fu Hong, then Fu Rui can only think of Duan Ye in Liangzhou.

"Realistic, do you mean to say, over there in Liangzhou?"

"Not bad." Chu Yu said, "Now Duan Ye in Liangzhou is recruiting troops and horses, and he is ambitious, I heard that this time he opened a department, and there are already many people in the world who have traveled thousands of miles to take the exam, Lord Wang, this is not to be underestimated." ”

"Oh?" Although Fu Rui's expression was slightly touched, it was obvious that he didn't seem to care too much.

"Lord Wang." Chu Yu said, "You can't underestimate this matter, today is a troubled time, of course, it depends on war horses and long knives, but after all, purely by force, you can achieve victory for a while, but it is difficult to completely conquer the world." Even if he can, he can't completely rule the world by force, after all, he needs a large number of scholars, and Duan Ye is like this, I'm afraid the hearts of the world's scholars are all towards him, Lord Wang, this is not a trivial matter! ”

"I see!" Although Fu Rui's attitude was very humble, it was obvious that Chu Yu could see that he really didn't care.

After all, he's a Di person.,Although the sinicization is deep.,But it seems,It's also knowing the surface.,I don't know the reason.,After all, I still don't have a deep understanding of the power of readers.。

Thinking of this, Chu Yu couldn't help but sigh secretly in his heart. There are some things that have not gone through years of field research and deep understanding, and it is too difficult to convince an extremely confident and assertive person like Fu Rui with a few words.

Fu Rui may feel that as long as there are knives and guns, there is nothing that cannot be done, and it is also useful for scholars, but the most important role in his opinion is to come up with ideas, engage in power schemes, and help him fight the world like himself.

But this is not the place where real scholars work.

Chu Yu not only carefully read the books of sages, but also ran through the rivers and lakes, and knew deeply that whether it was the current Jiangnan, or the current Guan ruled by Fu Hong, and Hebei ruled by Murong Chui, no matter who the actual ruler was, in fact, the imperial power did not go to the countryside. Their elite army makes the common people dare not resist, and their officials hold great power, but from the imperial court, to the local assassins, the county guards, these officials, they are essentially managing the lower-level officials, rather than directly managing the people.

Only the prefectural officials are called "officials close to the people", and the others are called "officials of the governors", which is what it means.

The problem is that whether it is the Di people, the Huns, or the Xianbei people, they all lack enough talents to become county officials. It's easy for you to have a warrior fight against the rebels in a county.

But if you ask him to collect taxes, to provide disaster relief, to try cases, to maintain the ground, to guarantee forced labor, these things are too difficult for them.

In fact, most of the county officials are actually Han Chinese. So other people may not be able to see it, but Chu Yu knows that such a ruling foundation is not stable.

And it is this "official who is close to the people" who actually relies on the local squires and scholars to govern the vast countryside. Therefore, whether in Jiangnan or Guan, whenever an official takes office, in order to have good public order and smooth grain collection in the Rong area, he must first visit the local gentry with reputation and appeal, especially the old man with high moral integrity, that is, the so-called Diwang elderly.

Because it is no exaggeration to say that in fact, the rural areas, which accounted for the vast majority of the world's territory at that time, were under the direct management of the gentry, and the gentry ruled the country to the letter. If you don't have a good relationship with them, of course they won't dare to come directly against you, but if you can't work at all, and finally leave directly, that's completely fine.

This is no accident. Because since the Han Dynasty, the status of scholars has gradually been raised, and later, they entered the court as officials, echoing each other, forming a momentum, and it has completely become a whole with the same qi and branches. Judging from their family backgrounds, most of the scholars and doctors who were officials in the central and local governments were themselves large landowners and manor owners who owned land in the countryside. In such families, the sons receive formal education in private schools or government schools from the time they are in school, and then enter the officialdom through probation, or filial piety, etc. When they were officials, of course, they tried their best to expand the influence of the family and accumulate various resources for the family.

After they retired and left their posts, they returned to their hometowns, and while continuing their careers as landlords, they used their surplus energy to mediate disputes in the township, maintain local law and order, and assist the work of the incumbent officials. The dual identities of the gentry and the countryside are inseparable and inextricably linked, and the so-called farming and reading family is talking about this group of people.

In terms of educational background, on the one hand, the gentry received the orthodox education of the state, and Confucian ethics and ethics were often deeply rooted in their hearts; On the other hand, he has lived in the countryside since he was a child, and is very familiar with the local customs and customs and township rules and conventions, and often adopts a harmonious and accessible way to solve the problem when there is a contradiction between the two, so that it does not violate the big tradition, has the legitimacy of the big tradition, nor does it contradict the small tradition, and has the rationality of the small tradition.

For many years, the effect that Chu Yu has seen in the south and north is enough to prove such an effectiveness. From a practical point of view, the gentry played a leading role in important activities such as dispute resolution and sacrificial ceremonies. In the countryside, whenever there is a wedding, funeral, ancestor worship, and two disputes, the village chief and Li Zheng often invite a famous squire to preside over the affairs, because the latter has a lot of knowledge and high moral prestige, which can convince the villagers.

It can be seen that since ancient times, intellectuals have played the role of coordination and bond between the state and the people. After modernization, with the transfer of political power to the countryside and the concentration of educational resources in the cities, the situation of gentry governing the country was broken, and a large number of intellectuals gathered in cities with a higher degree of modernization, and more of them were absorbed into the formal state system, and they were separated from the "vernacularity". Intellectuals are more involved in the formation of new national traditions, while ignoring the tenacious vitality and resistance of the small traditions in rural areas, which still account for more than 70 percent of the country's population under the current urban-rural duality. While it is important to "send the law to the countryside" and "send words to the countryside", it is equally important to use conscience and reason to resolve social conflicts and promote harmonious development in specific events. This requires our intellectuals to sometimes put down their pens, step out of their study, and go out into society, feel the crux of society, and find appropriate ways to solve problems.

As the old saying goes, there are three major events in life, which are called virtue, meritorious service, and speech, and it is headed by virtue. For intellectuals, the word is "beneficial in the future", that is, writing books and writing them to be passed on to future generations; Meritorious service is "meritorious service in the contemporary", that is, actively participating in social activities, especially the resolution of major social events, using one's conscience and professional knowledge to serve the society and achieve social justice; Lide is a combination of the above two aspects, through the study of knowledge and the practice of learning to improve one's own character, to set a positive example for the society. It is a pity that some of our scholars only focus on making speeches, or "hiding in small buildings to become unified" to engage in some knowledge of the reputation of the mysterious, or "pointing out the country and inspiring words" in the pen, and ignore meritorious service, so they cannot establish morality, and their intellectual character is bound to be incomplete.

In fact, the words and meritorious service can be roughly compared to what Weber called "scholarship and politics". In "Academics as a Business", Weber created the image of a professional scholar, striving to "disenchant" value judgment and metaphysics from scientific research, and shaping the clear quality of intellectuals. In "Politics as a Business", Weber is based on secular realpolitik, calling for the birth of professional politicians under the leadership democracy. On the surface, it seems difficult to combine these two diametrically opposed portraits into one person. However, it is precisely the indelible tension within intellectuals that constitutes the essence and mission of intellectuals. The term "intellectuals" originated in Russia to refer to those independent groups in Russia in the 19th century who had a certain Western intellectual background and a certain sense of social criticism. Academic pursuit and critical personality are the intrinsic prescriptiveness of intellectuals. Academic pursuit is related to personal academic interests, and its purpose is to seek truth, which is essentially an act in the private domain. The critical personality, on the other hand, is closely related to the social context, and is an intervention in the public domain, with the aim of seeking goodness, which embodies the sense of responsibility and public care of intellectuals. Of course, Weber regarded academia as a serious professional scientific activity, and believed that the professionalism of scholars lies in strictly abiding by values, that is, strictly avoiding the introduction of one's own subjective value judgments into the process of academic argumentation and explanation, so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing the authenticity and accuracy of academics, and shaping academia into a real science. But judging from today's general theory, this argument is untenable. Any academic activity is a manifestation of the subjective spiritual activity of a scholar, and the spiritual field is characterized by its individuality and incommensurability to a certain extent. In particular, the human social sciences, which are very different from the natural sciences, convey only an "opinion" with a strong value tendency of scholars to a large extent, rather than "knowledge" in the objective sense. Even the pure natural sciences are not absolutely exempt from value judgments, as exemplified by Newton in his later years. And this kind of value tendency is not born by scholars, but comes from their life experience and worldly care, in other words, from social practice. In this sense, the class theory and birth theory of intellectuals are not entirely unreasonable. On the other hand, the activities of social practice are also influenced by academic ideas and thoughts, and the former is actually the practice of the latter, and it is also where the vitality of the latter lies. Weber's "politics" should not be understood as merely participating in elections, advocating for reform and other direct political activities, but also including active participation in social activities when justice is distorted in major social events, such as the Dreyfus incident in France in 1894, it is precisely because of the unremitting efforts of a group of intellectuals such as Zola, Clemenceau, and Jaurès that it was finally revealed to the world. It can be seen that scholarship and politics are inseparable, and they are not two things that are completely different in nature and have inherent tension as described by Weber, but on the contrary, they together constitute the complete personality and intellectual character of intellectuals. What binds the two together is a relentless pursuit of social justice and a deep concern for people. ~

Watch no ads, all words are wrong-free debut, look - n, your best choice!

Title + Look-More and better error-free full word debut, all in >adsj();

Provide no pop-up full text online reading and full works download,Update speed is better article quality,If you think it's good, share this site! Thank you readers for your support!

The latest chapter of the high-speed debut battle for the world, this chapter is the one hundred and eighteenth chapter pattern (11). The full text of this book is free to read without pop-ups.

If you like "Conquer the World", please recommend it to your friends in the QQ group and Weibo, and remember that the more you share, the more updates!