Chapter 1027 The Society of Deconstruction in "The Mean".

"Yes!" Zeng Zi replied. "But! And that's not all! There is another meaning! ”

"What else do you mean? What do you mean? Lege asked.

"Self-cultivation, family harmony, governing the country, and leveling the world!"

"Oh?" Lege nodded.

Zeng Zi explained: "King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou, their Zhou family, this is the case, self-cultivation, Qi family, governing the country, and leveling the world!" So! More than just a legacy! ”

"Hmmm! Good! Read on! Lege waved his arms and said.

"Yes! Uncle Le! Zeng Zi responded.

Zi said: "King Wu and Zhou Gongqi are filial. The husband is filial piety, good at following people's aspirations, and good at telling people's affairs. In the spring and autumn period, repair its ancestral temple, display its ancestral vessels, set its clothes, and recommend its seasonal food. The ritual of the ancestral temple, so the preface is also clear. Preface, so distinguish between the noble and the low; preface, so distinguish the virtuous; The lower pay for the trip is the top, so the cheap is also caught; Swallow feathers, so the order teeth also. Practice its position, perform its courtesy, play its music, respect its respect, love its relatives, die like life, death like life, death like survival, filial piety. The gift of the suburban community, so the matter of God also; The ritual of the ancestral temple, so it is worshiped first. Knowing the gift of the suburbs, the righteousness of the truth, and governing the country, it is like showing the palm? ”

"Interpret it!" Lege asked.

Zeng Zi explained: "Mr. said: King Wu and Duke Zhou, they are the most filial!" The so-called filial piety is a person who is good at inheriting the aspirations of his ancestors and telling the deeds of his ancestors. In the spring and autumn of each year, their ancestral temple is repaired, the temple ritual vessels are displayed, their clothes are decorated, and new food is offered.

The rituals of the Jongmyo are used to sequence the order of the Mu. Sort by title to distinguish between high and low; Sort according to merit, to distinguish the virtuous and the unscrupulous; Remuneration is also paid to those who do the work in a certain order. During the feast, the number of seats at the banquet is determined according to the age of the banquet, and the elderly are allowed to sit on the upper seat. It is the highest filial piety to stand in one's place, to perform proper etiquette, to play music, to respect and respect, to respect the beloved, to serve the dead as if they were to serve the living, and to serve the dead as if they were to serve the living.

The rituals of suburban sacrifices and community sacrifices are used to serve the first emperor, and the rituals of the temple are used to worship the ancestors. Knowing the two rituals of effectiveness and society, as well as the principles of the righteousness of the state and the taste, it is as easy to govern the country as it is to show the palm of one's hand. ”

"I don't know too much!" Lege shook his head and said.

Zeng Zi further explained: "Actually! This passage is about the reason for respecting the sacrifice. And also! Why is there a hierarchy? There is a reason why the hierarchy comes from. Uncle Le! ”

"It means: respect for elders, respect for hierarchy, etc., all for the same reason as respect for sacrifices. ”

Zeng Ziying said: "Why we should respect the old and love the young, there is a reason, and it is all necessary rather than forced." In fact! It is also talking about human nature, talking about the reasons for distinguishing people from other things, and between animals and animals. To put it bluntly, it is the analysis, detailed explanation, and interpretation of human nature! Uncle Le! ”

"Oh? Good! Le Ge replied.

"Thank you, Uncle Le!"

"Read on!"

"Yes! Uncle Le! Zeng Zi responded.

Mourning the public and asking about politics. Zi said: "The politics of civil and military affairs are laid out in Fangce. If its people exist, its political actions; If they die, they will be at rest." Humane and sensitive, authentic sensitive. The husband is also the one who is in power, Pu Lu also. Therefore, the government is in the people, take the people to the body, cultivate the self to the Tao, and cultivate the Tao to be benevolent. The benevolent, the people, the kiss is the greatest. The righteous should also respect the virtuous. The killing of relatives, the respect of the virtuous, etc., are also born of rites. Therefore, a gentleman cannot be unself-cultivated. Thinking about self-cultivation, you can't be indifferent; Thinking about things, you can't be ignorant of people; Thinking about people, you can't not be ignorant of the sky.

"Interpret it!" Lege asked.

Zeng Zi explained: "Lu Aigong inquired about political affairs. Mr. said: The political affairs of King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou are recorded in the classics. And when they were alive, they did it as it is written; Pity! Since their deaths, these political affairs have been abandoned.

The simplest and most effective way to manage government affairs is to be diligent in political affairs, just like governing the earth, and the most effective way is to plant trees, which can be done quickly.

Speaking of which, politics is like a reed, growing and changing very quickly. Therefore, if you want to manage political affairs well, it all depends on who manages them.

In order to get suitable talents, the key depends on a person's self-cultivation. Self-cultivation lies in whether or not to follow the road of being a man and the world, and the fundamental point of following the road of being a man and the world is to start from benevolence and righteousness. Benevolence is to love others, and loving relatives is the greatest benevolence. Righteousness means that everything is done properly, and respecting the virtuous is the greatest righteousness. As for saying that dear relatives should be separated and sparse, and respecting sages should have ranks, these are all requirements of etiquette.

Therefore, a gentleman cannot help but cultivate himself. If you want to cultivate yourself, you can't help but serve your relatives; To serve one's kin, one cannot fail to understand others; To understand others, we cannot be ignorant of the relationship between heaven, earth, and man. Only by understanding the relationship between heaven, earth and man can we understand the way of being a human being. ”

"This paragraph is a commentary on your "University"! Isn't it? Lege asked.

"Yes! Uncle Le! Zeng Zi responded.

"Actually! You've already applied Taoist doctrine and thought here, and you're investigating the relationship between heaven, earth and man, aren't you? Le Ge thought for a moment and said.

"Yes! Uncle Le! Zeng Zi responded.

"That's it! Your husband Confucius, he stayed at the level of society and people in reality, and did not or was unwilling to investigate the source of people and all things, so! This brought limitations to his doctrinal thinking! Isn't it? ”

"Yes!" Zengzi replied in a low voice.

"Good! Go on! Read on! ”

"Yes! Uncle Le! Zeng Zi responded.

The fifth way in the world is three. Said: Monarchs and ministers, fathers and sons, husbands and wives, Kundi, and friends; Five, the way of the world. Knowledge, benevolence, and courage are the three virtues of the world. Therefore, the one who does is also: either born to know, or learned to know, or sleepy to know; And one of them is also known. or do it safely, or do it for profit, or do it reluctantly; and its success. Zi said: "Eagerness to learn is close to knowledge, practice is close to benevolence, and shame is close to bravery." If you know the three, you will know how to cultivate yourself; If you know how to cultivate yourself, you will know how to govern people; If you know how to govern people, you will know how to govern the world and the country.

"What do you mean? Interpret it! Le Ge asked.

Zeng Zi explained: "There are these five ethical relationships that people in the world share, and there are three kinds of virtues used to deal with these five ethical relationships. 1. Monarchs and ministers; 2. Father and son; 3. Husband and wife; Fourth, brothers; 5. Interactions between friends. These five items are the common ethical relationship of all people in the world; Wisdom, benevolence, and courage are the three virtues that deal with these five ethical relationships.

As for the implementation of these three virtues, the principle is the same. For example, some people are born knowing how to use them, some people only know how to use them through learning, and some people only know them after encountering difficulties, but as long as they know it in the end, it will be the same. For example, some people consciously and voluntarily practice them, some people practice them for some benefit, and some people reluctantly implement them, but as long as they are finally implemented, it is the same.

Mr. said: Those who like to learn are not far from the wise. Strive to practice the way of being a human being, and gradually he will understand what benevolence is, and he will not be far from benevolence. If you dare to face shame if you know what it is, you will understand what it means to be brave.

Knowing these three points, we will know how to cultivate ourselves, how to cultivate ourselves, how to manage others, how to manage others, and how to govern the world and the country. ”