"Hmmm! That's right! Good! Lege nodded in satisfaction.

"Uncle Le! I remembered! I get what you mean, yes! My husband, Confucius's doctrine and thought are based on specific circumstances and do not take into account the actual environment. This is his biggest flaw! ”

"It's a fatal flaw!"

"Yes! It's a fatal flaw! Uncle Le! ”

"That's it! Since Lile is part of your husband's doctrine, let us arrange it in the Analects! You say! I'm listening! Le Ge said.

"Yes! Uncle Le! "I saw this, and hurriedly responded to the road.

Zeng Shen picked up the bamboo slip and looked at it, but had to delete the first few paragraphs. Jump straight to the content below:

Confucius said of Ji's: "Eight dances in the court are tolerable, but they are unbearable!" ”

Lege asked, "What does this mean?" ”

"Uncle Le! The meaning of this sentence is: When Mr. Confucius talked about Ji, he said: Ji Pingzi used 8864 people to play music and dance in his courtyard, and he did everything that violated the "Zhou Rites" like this, and what else could he not do? According to the provisions of the "Zhou Li", there are eight people in one room, and eight people are 64 people. Only Zhou Tianzi can use eight hundreds, the princes are six hundreds, the secretary doctor is four hundreds, and the scholars use two hundreds. Ji's is Zhengqing, and he can only use four tongs. ”

"So? It's tolerable, it's unbearable! What does that mean? Le Ge asked, pretending to be puzzled.

For later generations, this sentence has long been regarded as a mantra, and the meaning of the sentence has long been misinterpreted. Most people's understanding is that they want to tolerate it, but they really can't tolerate it. In fact! This is not what the original meaning of this sentence is.

once saw Uncle Legele pretending to be compared, in order not to upset him, he had to explain: "It's the continuation of the previous sentence, it's about Ji Pingzi." Does it mean that he dares to do something like Ji Pingzi, what else can't he do? ”

"Isn't that the word 'forbearance'? How do you translate it into 'dare'? Le Ge asked.

"Uncle Le!" Zeng Shen said dissatisfiedly: "Forbearance means forbearance, patience, and can't hold back!" In other words: Ji Pingzi can do anything that violates Zhou etiquette, and he can't bear to do it, what else can't he do? That's what it means! Uncle Le! Endure! It's similar to the meaning of dare! ”

"Oh?" Lege pretended to understand.

I thought: This sentence "is tolerable, which is unbearable", later generations have a deep misunderstanding and misinterpretation of it!

Later generations mostly understood it as Confucius's mood: Confucius felt that he could not bear it. Actually, it's not, but Ji Pingzi's personality: Ji Pingzi can do things that violate the rules, what else can't he do in the future? That's what it means. Instead: Confucius felt that it was bearable, but when you think about it, it is really unbearable. That's not what it means!

Later generations interpreted the Analects mostly out of context.

"That? What's next? ”

"Below? Below? After Zeng Shen reacted, he hurriedly read it below.

The three families are Yongche. Zi said: "Xiangwei Bigong, the Son of Heaven Mumu." Ridicule in the hall of three families! ”

"What does that mean?" Lege asked.

Zeng Shen explained: "When the Mengsun family, the Shusun family, and the Jisun family removed the sacrifices after the ancestor worship, they also ordered the musicians to sing the poem "Yong". Mr. Confucius said: There is a poem called "Yong" in the "Book of Songs: Song of Zhou" There are two sentences like this, which means: "It is the princes who assist in the sacrifice, and the Son of Heaven is there to preside in a solemn and quiet manner." 'Although the Mengsun clan, the Shusun clan, and the Jisun clan are all descendants of Lu Huan Gong and the rulers of the Lu State, they are not the Son of Heaven. How could they do this in their own temple? ”

"Oh?"

"The three families refer to the three Huan of the Lu country!" In order to avoid Le Ge's questioning, Zeng Shen explained: "The state of Lu is a special vassal state, which is ruled by three families in addition to the king. These three families are: Mengsun, Shusun, and Jisun. Why did the Lu Kingdom have three Huan ruling with the king? Uncle Le! You don't want me to go into details, do you? ”

"I'm old! I can't remember! Say! Hehehe! Lege leaned on the old and sold the old, and said with a smile.

Zeng Shen had to explain: "That's because the former king of the Lu Kingdom, he had three brothers, and he didn't want to enjoy the treatment of the monarch alone, so he made a rule to let the other three brothers rule with him." Therefore! The state of Lu had the beginning of the three Huan ruling together. ”

"Confused!" Le Ge said angrily: "Since the Lu State has been ruled by Sanhuan, the power of the king has begun to be hollowed out!" There is the tragedy of Lu Zhaogong! ”

"Yes! Uncle Le! Zeng Shen said.

"That? What did your husband Confucius say? Le Ge asked.

"My husband said, 'If a man is not kind, what is the courtesy?' People are not kind, how can they be happy? ”

"What does that mean?"

Zeng Shen translated: "Sir said: If a person has no benevolence, how can he practice propriety? His rite is a formal rite. A person who does not have benevolence cannot feel the physical and mental pleasure that comes from the act of propriety. How could he feel pleasure? ”

"What did your husband say?"

"My husband Confucius said!" Zeng replied.

"Good!"

"Uncle Le!"

Music is a form of expressing people's thoughts and emotions. Etiquette and pleasure are both external manifestations, while benevolence is people's inner moral sentiment and requirements, so music must reflect people's benevolence. Confucius believed that people without benevolence could not talk about etiquette and pleasure at all. Benevolence is fundamental! Pretending to be a formal courtesy, this kind of person can't get the feeling of etiquette!

So! What Sanhuan did was just a show and a formalism, and it had no practical significance.

"Read on! How is it arranged below? ”

"Yes! Uncle Le! ”

Lin Fang's greeting is the foundation of the ceremony. Zi said: "Dazai asks! Etiquette, rather than luxury, rather thrifty, with its easy, rather Qi. ”

"This paragraph is Mr. answering the question, interpreting what is 'rite'?"

"What did your husband say?" Lege asked.

"A Lu man named Lin Fang asked Confucius what is the root of etiquette. The gentleman replied, "Your question is of great significance, and as far as the essence of the ritual is concerned, in form, it is better not to be overly extravagant, but to be frugal; As far as the funeral is concerned, in terms of form, it is better not to pursue too much comprehensiveness in the ceremony, it is better to be concise. The formal rite is not the real rite, but! There is no politeness in my heart. But! There is no real sadness in the heart. ”

"Good!" Le Ge applauded: "Your husband is on point!" Good! ”

"Thank you, Uncle Le! Thank you! ”

Confucius believed that etiquette and ritual are only a form of expression of etiquette, but it is not in the form but in the heart at all. We should not only stay at the surface ceremony, but more importantly, we should realize the root of the ceremony from the heart and emotion, and meet the requirements of the ceremony. The essence of the rite is whether there is an inner being, not whether there is a superficial form!

No matter how good a person behaves in terms of etiquette, it is not necessarily true, only if a person is polite in his heart is real!

People in the world generally value the form and not the substance! What posterity elects is also formal, not substantive! Confucius saw this, but later generations did not! Substance over form! And not formalities! Formally fake!

But! Forms are also needed! It can play an educational role. It would be even more sad if there was no formalism left!