The modern view of historiography and the analysis of the decline and fall of a dynasty are all expounded from many aspects: political, economic, military, cultural, social class, etc., and the comprehensive conclusions are made. This is a scientific approach to research.

What is the purpose of studying history? A thousand years ago, Tang Taizong answered: Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall!

History, it's there. Anyone can comment on it and give an opinion. However, whether these views are right or wrong, whether they are useful or nonsense, depends on whether they are in line with the fundamental purpose of studying history!

Otherwise, no matter how appealing and popular your point of view is, it will be useless after all. When we study and read history, we want to draw lessons from history and avoid repeating the mistakes of the past today! The past is for the present.

Therefore, if we do not adopt scientific methods of historical research, the conclusions drawn are often one-sided and useless!

There are many lovers of history. For example, a book of the Three Kingdoms, interpreted by countless people, in various versions. This is fine. It can be discussed, it can be communicated, and it can be argued. However, it is not necessary to get angry and scold people for different opinions.

This is because, without adopting scientific methods of historical research, we will not be able to rise to the height of academics after all! You treat history as a hobby, that's the hobby's point of view. Not enough to be a desk reading for the temples and princes!

If you regard history as science, then you can become Wang Zuozhicai! A glimpse of the real objective laws and wisdom in the rise and fall of thousands of years!

There are many reasons why the Ming Dynasty fell. History textbooks for junior high and high schools have made wonderful explanations of this. There is no need to go into detail here.

Jia Huan told Yan Wang Ning Xi about the gains and losses of Emperor Chongzhen, of course, he would not memorize the textbooks of junior high and high school. His focus is not on the conclusion: the Eastern Captives, the displaced people, natural disasters, the rotten bureaucratic landlord class, and the profound and acute social contradictions, but on teaching Ning Xi how to be an emperor!

Imperialism.

The afternoon sun shone on Jia Huan's inner study. The inner study is a place where Jia Huan reads and thinks every day. is different from the study room that Baochai helped him arrange in the front yard, which is where he meets guests.

Directly north of the room, there is an elegant sandalwood desk. There are various books and manuscripts on the bookcase. There are glass windows all around, and the windows are bright and bright. On the table near the window, there is a bottle of white wax plum, which is full of fragrance.

Ning Xi sat on the chair by the window, looking at the gentleman behind the bookcase, looking a little nervous. Although he is about to get married. Fifteen-year-old boy. But he hoped that his homework would be praised by his husband.

Jia Huan finished reading Ning Xi's article. There are two points of view: factory health and party struggle. After Emperor Chongzhen came to power, he killed 9,000 years old, and he was very happy. But he abolished the factory guard. As a result, the decadent civil official group at the end of the Ming Dynasty was completely unbinding.

Secondly, Chongzhen was unable to suppress the fierce party struggle in the late Ming Dynasty. Even, in order to suppress the Donglin Party, he killed Yuan Chonghuan, the leader of Liaodong. Ask for sin, you don't have to kill. Yuan Chonghuan was born as a Jinshi.

And Sun Chengzong, a real war master, did not receive enough support and reuse from Chongzhen. If Sun Chengzong supervises Liaodong, he will give full trust. This is far more suitable than Yuan Chonghuan.

Some of these views are the opinions mentioned by Jia Huan during his daily chat, and some of them are the results of the summary after the Zhou Dynasty was established. There are a large number of books in the Hanlin Academy, Wu Wangfu, and Jiafu Ethnology. This was enough for Ning Xi to find some answers.

Jia Huan put down the article in his hand, nodded with a smile, and said, "It's well written." Killing Wei Zhongxian is a gain, but it is limited to party struggle, and it is a loss. ”

Ning Xi's face was happy and nodded.

Jia Huan then induced and said: "In the affairs of the national dynasty, we must do things, and the emphasis is on winning people. On the contrary, the system is secondary. In fact, this leads to another question, what is the standard for employing people in the upper position? What about Ziwen's thoughts? ”

Ning Xi's face showed a look of contemplation.

The master and apprentice asked and answered, and the afternoon slowly passed.

Jia Huan left Ning Xi for dinner, and in the thick of the night, arranged for a carriage to take him back to the newly built Yanwang Mansion in the north of the city.

…

…

In winter, the lake is bitterly cold. In a water pavilion near the South Lake, it is extremely empty.

In a club like Yuyunxuan, business is extremely light during the Chinese New Year.

Jia Huan was in the water pavilion, entertaining the visiting Pang Ze to eat and drink. The township test failed, and he still did not return to his hometown this year. He has been working as a staff member in the mountain chief.

Pang Ze was dressed in a green shirt, with a big nose, short beard, and an ugly appearance, and drank wine in a big gulp, and said: "Ziyu, the beginning of spring is spring." Jia Huan never stimulated his friends and didn't talk to him about the imperial examination. But Pang Ze himself, how can he not be envious? During the Spring Festival, he still couldn't help revealing his thoughts. He actually really wanted to participate in the Spring Festival.

In the water pavilion, there are eight immortal tables, calligraphy and paintings, treasures, etc. It was eerily quiet. Waterfowl skimmed.

On the table of the Eight Immortals, four dishes of side dishes. Two pots of wine, a pot of white wine Yuquan wine, and a pot of Shaoxing rice wine. Jia Huan silently poured wine for Pang Ze. It's hard for him to say anything about this kind of thing.

During the Spring Festival, he went to the Mountain Chief's Mansion to pay New Year's greetings. As a Confucian of Shan Changli, his marriage with Sister Lin must be disapproved. However, the mountain chief was generous and did not talk to him about it. However, he drank wine with Pang Ze and Zhang Chengjian for half an afternoon.

Pang Ze toasted another sad drink, looked at Jia Huan, and said curiously: "Ziyu asked me to come, is there something wrong?" ”

Jia Huan said in a deep voice: "Shiyuan, after the spring of this year, I want to send a group of people to serve in the army among the disciples of the academy. The governor of Southwest Qi had an old relationship with me and invited me to go to the southwest. It is not difficult to arrange a number of positions. In addition, the Zuodu Governor of the Western Regions, the Zhenguo Hou Niu Jizong and the Jiafu are in the same breath, and arrangements can also be made. ”

The official system and the civilian system in the military are two systems. In the military, there are civilians. It is required to be a reader. The right to appoint is not in the ministry. It's in the military department. This does not require meritorious service in the imperial examination. It mainly relies on recommendation and recruitment.

Pang Ze looked at Jia Huan in surprise, his eyes flashed, and he said in a low voice: "Ziyu, are you dissatisfied with the Son of Heaven in your heart?" ”

He had worked with Jia Huan for a long time. Jia Huan once told him: The barrel of a gun comes out of power. Wisdom. Therefore, as soon as he heard Jia Huan's arrangement, and then thought of the boiling public opinion in Beijing, he understood.

Jia Huan nodded slowly and said, "It's just, take precautions!" ”

The request for marriage was shabu, and the depression in his heart has always been there. He put the final choice: pushing King Yan to the throne and raising several levels. The arrangement made, first, was to teach the art of Emperor Yan. Second, contact with military power. His trust in the Wendao Academy system is greater than his trust in the Four Kings and Eight Princes Group.

It's just some advance arrangement, as a backhand. It's not, it's that he wants to make Yongzhi the Son of Heaven now. It's not realistic. His dissatisfaction with the Son of Yongzhi will be vented in other forms.

Pang Ze nodded, "Okay, I'll go back and discuss with Youruo." ”。 Then, I stopped talking. He's a madman, of course. I don't hate the ancients, I don't see them, I hate the ancients, I don't see my crazy ears. But listening to Jia Huan's words, he swallowed his saliva with difficulty. Being dissatisfied with the Son of Heaven is a great sin of disrespect! Moreover, Jia Huan's subtext is very scary!

Jia Huan knew that Pang Ze wanted to go there, smiled, raised his glass and said, "The situation has not reached that point. My judgment on the game of winning the heir still believes that King Jin is the first choice. However, the action to push to the Chu royal family can begin. ”

Yongzhi Tianzi shabu him, that's good, he walks the monkey again! It's just that you have to be more hidden.

Dissatisfied with the Son of Yongzhi, this breath has been stuffy in my heart for a long time. He was afraid that one day he would not be able to help but write the chairman's famous words on paper: A spark can start a prairie fire. China's problem, in the final analysis, is a land problem.

He always had the urge to cut people in his heart. However, the difficulty of going to hell is really irresponsible to him and to all the people around him.

So, let's get another outlet! Even though, it will take more effort to kill the Chu King Department now.

Pang Ze breathed a long sigh of relief, raised his glass and took a sip, and said with a smile: "Okay! In other words, I don't like Han Xiucai's grandson for a long time! Ziyu, you finally made up your mind to defeat him. "That being said, in fact, the fundamental reason is the academy system and the attitude towards the Chu royal family. Han Xiucai is irrelevant.

In the water pavilion, the solemn atmosphere suddenly relaxed. Jia Huan and Pang Ze chatted casually.

Han Jin may think that the world's second and third sons! However, Jia Huan and Pang Ze don't see it that way! During the banquet, Pang Ze even laughed and talked about Jia Huan's song that was being sung in Beijing: I am a melancholy guest in the world.

…

…

On the afternoon of the sixth day of the first lunar month, Jia Huan was in the palace of King Wu, in front of the lord of Xiaojun and Ning Cheng, chanting the Yuanxi Sha-remnant snow condensation cold painting screen. On the tenth day of the first month, it has spread all over the capital.

Business was not good during the Chinese New Year. But there is no shortage of singers in the mansions of the magnates. Such a new word, Jingzhong sang through.

Dashi Yongfang, the left waiter of the Ministry of Works, the head of the department, Ji Xingsheng's house. It's the twelfth day of the first month. At eight o'clock in the morning, Ji Xingsheng got up in the morning, read a book in the room, and the beautiful concubine played the guqin and sang this tune. Ji Xingsheng's wife took care of his parents in his hometown.

While singing, Little Lady Ji came in with two big maids and said, "Father, I can go." I couldn't help but pout, and said sarcastically: "It's unimaginable." How did he write it? ”

In the winter of the twelfth year of Yongzhi, Jia Huan and Daiyu left Jinling and returned to Beijing. At that time, Ji Xingsheng, the new prefect of Jinling, sent someone to invite Jia Huan and Daiyu to the restaurant to meet them. At that time, Ji Xiaoniang was present. She had a very bad impression of Jia Huan.

Ji Xingsheng went to the capital last year to serve as the left waiter of the Ministry of Works, and was actually the secretary of the Ministry of Works. He is friends with Jia Zheng and Lin Ruhai. The two families have to move around. Today, he made an appointment with Jia Zheng to go to Jiafu for New Year's wine.

Ji Xingsheng was forty-three years old at the time, a middle-aged man, dignified, and sighed: "Wan'er, it's really impressive!" I didn't think of it either. ”

Ji Xingsheng and his daughter were talking and ordered to go down, and after a while, Jifu's carriage left the mansion and headed west, heading to Jiafu.

…

…

In Jiafu, because Jia's mother is still sick, most of the New Year's wine in Jiafu this year is in the upper room of the East Cross Courtyard.

Mrs. Wang was busy with her feet not touching the ground.

Baochai also helped to support the scene and entertain guests. She now belongs to the same class as the ladies in the powerful mansions who come and go in Jiafu: Mrs. Command! It's just that as a junior, her level is lower: the fourth grade.

On the twelfth day of the first month, in Jiafu, visitors have already come. Mrs. Wang was in the upper room of the East Cross Courtyard, entertaining Mrs. Lin Anbo and others.

Mrs. Wang sat on the kang, responding to the compliments of others, and sighed: "Hey, the marriage of my third daughter makes me worried. ”

Jia Tanchun is seventeen years old. The marriage has not yet been decided.