Chapter 147
In this regard, Hui people also have to say two things.
At that time, as long as they believed in Islam, they were all called "Hui people", and the Hui people in Xinjiang were not called "Uygurs" and had not yet separated from the large group of "Hui people".
The Hui people in Xinjiang, who speak the Turkic language Uyghur language - of course, at this time, it is not yet called "Uyghur", but still called "Hui" - very few people can speak Chinese; Although the Hui people outside Xinjiang speak Arabic and Persian as their mother tongues, after all, they have been in China for a long time, and there are many people who can listen to and speak Chinese in the Han and Hui mixed places.
In addition, the Hui people in Shaanxi, Gansu, Yunnan and other places have added Arabic and Persian elements to the local dialect to develop their own unique language, which can be regarded as a special dialect of Chinese.
Therefore, the influence of the stipulation of Chinese as the "lingua franca" on the Hui people is mainly concentrated in Xinjiang. For the Hui people in Shaanxi, Gansu, Yunnan and other places, the impact is limited.
However, at that time, almost the whole of Xinjiang was reversed, and it was only meaningful to discuss how much the "lingua franca" had an impact on the Hui people in Xinjiang after Xinjiang was recovered. Prior to this, the edict that designated Chinese as the "lingua franca" was naturally just a dead letter to the Hui people in Xinjiang.
At that time, among the three major ethnic groups of Mongolian, Tibetan and Hui, on the whole, the geographical environment of Tibet was the most closed and independent, and the Tibetans had the lowest degree of sinicization, and the least number of people who could listen to and speak Chinese.
The edict repeatedly emphasized that the Manchus, Hans, Mongolians, Tibetans, and Hui are all Chinese children and a family. If anyone does not understand what the other 90% of the people are saying. Where can you still be "like family"?
And also. If there is no "lingua franca", it will be difficult for Mongolian, Tibetan and Hui people to communicate with the Han people and Han people, and the study, business and career progress of Mongolian, Tibetan and Hui people will be greatly affected; If the land wants to prosper, it will also be difficult. The establishment of the "lingua franca" is really for the good of the people in these places, and it is really a painstaking effort to educate the people like children!
The edict also said. The designation of Chinese as the "lingua franca" does not replace Mongolian, Tibetan, and Hui with Chinese, but "bilingual parallelism", so that there is no obstacle to communication between ethnic groups and no consultation.
The edict announced that "more schools" would be set up in Mongolia, Tibet, and Hui. In this way, teachers who can teach the "lingua franca" are trained; Second, to spread the emperor's virtue and promote the court's intentions. Cut the promise, the spring breeze turns into rain.
Naturally, it costs money to set up a school. The edict said that the money allocated by the imperial court will be used exclusively for the establishment of schools and the hiring of teachers, and this money will not be taken from the local area, so everyone can rest assured.
Officials and lords of Mongolia, Tibet, and Hui should be rewarded if they spoke the lingua franca well; If not only do you speak your own "lingua franca" well, but you can also be effective in implementing the "lingua franca" in the local area, in addition to the reward, you should also increase the official and send the silver, and "do not hesitate to reward".
Of course, if the implementation of the "lingua franca" is illegal and ineffective, it will probably result in "demotion, fines, and deprivations," and at the very least, criticism must also be circulated -- "severe reprimand."
There are many dialects of Chinese, and since Chinese is the "lingua franca", which dialect should be based on?
There is nothing to dispute about this, the edict clearly stipulates that the pronunciation of the "lingua franca" is based on the "official dialect" - that is, the Beijing dialect.
Immediately after the edict on the designation of Chinese as the "lingua franca" was issued, the edict on the administration of Islamic affairs in the Shaanxi and Gansu regions was also issued.
There are two main parts to the edict.
First, the edict said that the Islamic scriptures are all written in Arabic, and this Arabic language, after all, is a foreign language, and it is really inconvenient for Chinese people to study and recite scriptures, learn foreign languages, and read foreign languages -- alas, the imperial court really has an unshirkable responsibility, ashamed, ashamed!
It was not too late to make amends, and the edict announced that the imperial court would come forward to gather well-educated people who were proficient in the doctrine to translate the Muslim scriptures into the "lingua franca" one by one, and after the King James was approved, they were engraved and promulgated as the rope and ink for propagating the Dharma. Well, this is a merit like heaven, let's do it together!
The implication is that if it is not "appointed," it is not a "rope and ink for propagating the Dharma," and it cannot be "promulgated" in the future.
The edict said that since the doctrine has been translated into the "lingua franca," the imam can also use the "lingua franca" when preaching, and at worst, the "Hui language" in Shaanxi and Gansu can also be used. Of course, this matter cannot be accomplished overnight, and it will take some time for the imam to learn the "lingua franca" -- this should be tentatively set for a period of three years. After three years, if he still can't learn the "lingua franca", or if he knows how to preach in the "lingua franca", it is not good to ask him to continue to be the imam.
Anyway, in the future, it is no longer allowed to use foreign words to preach China's sermons.
The edict said that this is not only a move to "clean up the source", but also a good way to promote the "lingua franca": the doctrine has been translated into a "lingua franca", and believers who listen to the Tao and study the scriptures will naturally have to learn it if they do not know the "lingua franca", which will naturally speed up the spread of the "lingua franca".
Second, the edict said that after the chaos, it was necessary for the imperial court to sort out and inspect the temples in the return area from beginning to end, re-certify them, and issue "licenses". In this case, if it is destroyed in the war, it should be repaired according to the situation; Second, it is necessary to ensure that the people who preside over the temple are all law-abiding and Taoist.
From now on, all Dharma preaching and sermons in the Hui area should be held in the temples that have applied for a "license" from the imperial court; Anyone who preaches outside these temples in private is regarded as heresy and will be severely punished.
In short, as long as they abide by the law and return to the scriptures and preach, the imperial court will not only not prohibit interference, but will also encourage and protect it.
This model of educational management, Guan Zhuofan's ambition, is to be extended to the whole of China. However, if you really want to get what you want, you will always want it for thirty or fifty years, so you should first take Shaanxi and Gansu as a "pilot".
The designation of Chinese as the "lingua franca" has set off tremendous waves throughout China, and the Han people and Han officials are naturally overjoyed and agitated and one-sidedly supportive -- let's not express this for the time being, let's talk about those who have doubts or even secretly oppose them.
Of course, there will be opposition among Mongolians, Tibetans, and Hui, but this kind of opposition is expected, and Mongolian, Tibetan, and Hui are the targets of the implementation of the "lingua franca," and the opposition forces of Mongolia, Tibet, and Hui are the normal costs in the process of implementing the "lingua franca." No matter whether the cost is high or low, Guan Zhuofan does not regard it as a real trouble.
The real trouble came from "their own people" - the Manchurian aristocracy.
Among them, some people were originally Guan Zhuofan's opponents, but there were also people who were his die-hard fans, such as Prince Rui Renshou.
*(To be continued......)