Meng Sheng, who was kneeling on the side, heard Wei Rang say this, and the corners of his mouth were already rippling with a smile, talking about the world is good at arguing, and now the Mo family is the leader.

With a smile on his face, he secretly said in his heart: "This person has entered the guard!" ”

I don't know how many times this kind of debate has been held within the Mo family, Meng Sheng has listened to Mozi, Debate Fifty-four, Shi and others for more than ten years, just listening to the beginning, he has already guessed the end.

Sure enough, Wei Rang laughed a few times, and when the scholar didn't know why, he suddenly said: "In this way, dividing the land and giving it to the people, the great benefit of the people, and the great benefit of the people, this is the principle of natural birth, this is the will of heaven." So, is there anything wrong with this kind of reasoning that it doesn't need to be practiced without the consent of others? ”

When the scholar heard this, he knew that he had fallen into a trap, and said with a red face: "You say that it is Tianzhi is Tianzhi?" You say it's nature, it's nature? Why? ”

Wei Rang smiled and said slowly with a victorious attitude: "How can this be what we said? This is deduced little by little from the birth of all things and the birth of man from heaven and earth. Do you need me to tell you how you deduced it? ”

The Nashi were also aware of these doctrines, and their theories were so coherent that they could not be refuted, at least for the time being.

But he understood that he couldn't admit defeat at this time, and said loudly: "Fallacies and heresies may not be right. We do not recognize your righteousness! Your reason! ”

"We also said that there is a difference between the noble and the low in the world, the princes have a country, and the doctor has a family, this is the way of heaven. If this is the way of heaven, all your inferences are wrong. ”

Wei Rang laughed, walked in front of everyone, stretched out his hands and slowly raised them at everyone, and asked, "People! Do you think that everyone is a minister of heaven, and everyone is equal, which is the way of heaven? Or is there a difference between the noble and the low, and the doctor has a family, this is the way of heaven? ”

The people in the audience had neither a country nor a home, and they were still ordinary people, and they were naturally inferior.

Wei Rang instigated everyone's emotions, and everyone shouted: "Everyone is a minister of heaven, everyone is equal, this is the way of heaven!" ”

The Nashi sneered to himself in the midst of a tidal wave of cries.

When everyone's cries subsided, he cursed in his own sneer: "You people know what the Heavenly Dao is? It's just because you believe that such a way of heaven is beneficial to you, so you believe it. ”

"What you are seeking is not the way of heaven, but profit! What a villain! What a villain! Thousands of people, but there is no gentleman, this is the way to perish! ”

Wei Rang also sneered: "You think that there is a difference between the noble and the low, and the doctor has a family, this is the way of heaven, aren't you for profit?" ”

"But it's all for profit, you are gentlemen for profit, and we are villains for profit?"

The scholar scolded with a red face: "Villain! Villain! I am for the good! For the sake of heaven! I'm not for profit! ”

"I'm here for the virtues of Zhuxia! If there is no virtue in the world, and there is no nobility in the world, how is this world different from beasts? What is the difference between this world and Yidi? ”

But how could anyone below be willing to listen to his words, and Simon Tu in the crowd shouted and scolded: "Get down, you say it is for virtue and Tao, but as soon as you talk about dividing your land, you will show your tail." You are just for profit, if today we say that the way of heaven is the difference between high and low, you can squat down and lick my words! ”

Aoi also scolded loudly: "Profit is righteousness, righteousness is profit!" You have your righteousness, and we have ours. ”

The scholar laughed angrily and retorted, "You said that in ancient times, ten people had ten righteousness, and a hundred people had a hundred righteousness, why did your righteousness not be practiced in the world? For your righteousness is wrong, and ours is right. Does this not prove that the basis of your righteousness is wrong? Therefore, all the Heavenly Dao that you have introduced is wrong. ”

"History has proved that your righteousness is wrong, and the people of the world have chosen the noble and the lowly to have other righteousness, which is right!"

Aoi scolded loudly, "Fart! That's just before you won and we lost! Now that we have won and you have lost, you must keep our righteousness! ”

More and more people shouted, and some in the crowd shouted: "If they don't obey, make them obey with muskets and cannons!" ”

"Get the hell out of here! You silverfish! ”

"Don't say what you are for, the difference between beasts and humans, you are also for profit. We are for the sake of profit, we admit, but you still want to give your Lean a good name. ”

"You're not even as good as a prostitute! The camp prostitutes know that they are camp prostitutes for profit, and you yourself are camp prostitutes, but you say that you are doing so for the benefit of all people, this is your virtue! ”

"Get down!"

"Go back to your fiefdom!"

"You won, now we're going to win back what we deserve!"

The Mohist doctrine of the unity of righteousness and benefit is prone to major problems, that is, the situation of ten people and ten righteousness and one hundred righteousness mentioned by Mozi in ancient times.

Zooming in to the whole world, this is the righteousness of one class and the righteousness of ten classes and ten classes.

The inference here is based on such things as equal labor to create wealth; On the other side, the foundation is that the noble and the low have different fiefs to defend the land......

Since even the basis is different, there can be no result in oral arguments.

Mozi Says:

Husband and debater will distinguish between right and wrong, judge and control chaos, clarify similarities and differences, investigate the truth of the name, deal with the interests and disadvantages, and decide the suspicion. Imitate the nature of all things, and seek the ratio of group words. Exemplify the truth in name, express expression in words, and tell the reason. Take by analogy, give by analogy. There are self and not others, and there is no self and no one else.

There has to be some basis for debating such a thing.

For example, this animal, everybody says it's a horse, and then somebody points to a fish and says it's a horse, and then says so it can be proven: horses live in water, they have gills and fins.

I can't say that this man is wrong, but everyone in the world calls what he thinks is a fish, so he is right in terms of what he has defined, but people in the world think that what he said is wrong.

Then either you don't debate with such people, or you force the world to be synonymous, and there is a unified standard for what is a horse and what is a fish, and then you can debate who is right.

Now that this situation has reached a situation where even the basic "righteousness" and "Tao" cannot agree with each other, there is no point in arguing with words.

In the midst of the shouting and scolding, Xu Wan, who was originally angry, finally breathed a sigh of relief and muttered, "That's it." For the sake of profit is for the sake of profit, why do you still say it so nicely, saying that it is for the sake of heaven, for courtesy, for morality, and for the world? Isn't it nice for everyone to talk about their personal interests? What do you say you people are pretending to be righteous? Isn't it for your little bit of feudal and feudal power? ”

Meng Sheng shook his head with a smile, thinking that the world is big and the country is small, it is really a glimpse.

If he is an unparalleled debater in the world, why would such an obvious trap fall into it?

Meng Sheng thought, you shouldn't talk about morality, righteousness, and profit today, and you shouldn't say anything like villains seeking profit and gentlemen seeking righteousness.

I also thought that it was a bit interesting to joke that those rotten nobles were professional revolutionaries. If the nobles all abide by the virtues of the nobles, the nobles keep the etiquette, and the nobles love everyone, I am afraid that even if it is not in line with the will of heaven, there will be no such situation as today.

In the midst of the chaos, the people's emotions became more and more agitated, so much so that after a sage like Wei Rang, who was recognized by the people, waved his hand to signal the people to be quiet, the noise continued for half an hour.

When the people were quiet, Wei Rang took out a piece of paper from his arms, ignored the angry scholar next to him, and said to the people: "The people of the national capital of Fei Guo, some of the words in the trial just now are very reasonable. ”

"The law is naturally determined by man. The law set by man should be judged by nature, the will of heaven, and the way of heaven as rules, and whether it can become the law. ”

"We have our righteousness, and it is precisely because we believe that we have the same righteousness and the same interests that we stand here together."

"Today, we should determine what our righteousness, our recognized nature, our heavenly will, and our heavenly way look like. With this as the constitution, only then can people make written laws and implement them for the benefit of the people of the world. ”

"People, we believe that the ignorance, neglect and contempt of the princes, princes, scholars, and doctors of the world, as well as the agricultural industry and commerce, for the way of heaven, the will of heaven and the principles of nature, are the only reasons for the chaos in the world, the cannibalism of beasts, the three troubles of the people, and the suffering of Kyushu."

"Therefore, it is decided that today, we will discuss, vote and agree on the Tao Law that is natural, given by the Emperor of Heaven, eternal by the Heavenly Dao, and known by the Heavenly Will."

"So that this truth may constantly remind the people of the world of their rights and duties; to make laws and govern the act; so as to evaluate the good and evil of the laws of the world; so that the institutions of the world may be compared with this to gauge whether they are contrary or not; so that the people of the world may henceforth make all kinds of demands on the basis of simple and indisputable truths; so that the people of the world may benefit and be rich......"

"First, we should admit that no one is old, young, noble or low, all are ministers of the Emperor of Heaven, and from the Emperor of Heaven down, everyone is equal."

Second, we should admit that man is born in heaven and earth, and man exists in heaven and earth, and it is human nature to seek advantage and avoid harm. Under equality, everyone has the right to live life, everyone has the right to own private property enough to survive, and everyone has the right to pursue a better life. If Heaven does not want people to live, then they will not live but live and die, because Heaven lives people, so the right to live is the right given to people by the Emperor of Heaven......"

Third, we should admit that labor creates the wealth of the world. All activities that require hands or minds, including cropping, crafting, merchantling, transportation, exchange, management, smelting, casting, etc., have created the wealth of the world, and this is the only means of obtaining wealth. ”

Fourth, we should admit that in ancient times, righteousness was different, and everyone pursued profit to the point of chaos in the world. Based on the above three principles, the people of the world have ceded part of their power to grant the public will, and selected the sage as the son of heaven, the second sage as the prince, and even the secretary and the doctor. ”

In other words, on the basis of equality for all, it is necessary to guarantee the right of the majority of the people in the world to live and live, to ensure that the majority of the people in the world can use their labor to earn a living, to ensure that the majority of the people in the world can use their labor to seek wealth and interests, and to ensure that the wealth and private property they have obtained according to the will of heaven will not be plundered by others...... And so on, the world is established as a state, and the kingdom is created to govern the people, and the kingdom is created by the consent of the governed. ”

Fifth, we should admit that, based on the above four points, the law of one country is the expression of the will of the people of the whole country. The principle of the law should be to measure good and evil according to the above four points. In view of the rights granted to the people by the Emperor, the decree has the power to prohibit acts that are harmful to the interests of all people under heaven. ”

"Sixth, we should admit that only harming is not guilty, and committing prohibition is a crime. No act prohibited by the law can be done, and no one who is not required by the law can force people to do it. ”

"Seventh, we should admit that the protection of everyone's rights, the implementation of the law, and the prohibition of acts that harm the world need the sword of restraint and the person who holds the sword. This includes the military, officials, etc. These are for the benefit of the people, not for the benefit of the people. ”

"Eighth, we should admit that taxation is indispensable in order to maintain the sword of restraint and the bearer of Article 7. Taxes shall be apportioned equally among all citizens according to their abilities, including the amount of land, the share of property, the wealth of revenues, etc., and shall not be levied on the basis of mere numbers, nor shall they be unjustifiably levied or exempt on the basis of a descent unworthy of heaven......"