In addition to the welfare institutions that adopted patients, the Song Dynasty also had "pharmacies" and "pharmacies", similar to today's affordable outpatient departments and affordable pharmacies.

"People who have diseases have to go to the bureau for medical treatment, and cut the pulse to return to the medicine", and the pharmacy only "collects the capital and does not take interest".

Wu Zimu, a Song man, recorded that during the Southern Song Dynasty, "the people had diseases, and the state government placed the medicine bureau in the west of Jieziqiao, supervised by the officials, and repaired pills according to the prescription. The marshal government took many measures, rewarded and punished, supervised the doctors, and counted the number of months in the state, and prepared for the province. Or if the people are sick and throw themselves into the game, then the medicine will have the effect of rejuvenation. ”

Well, the young have dependence, the old have support, and the sick can be treated, these three points have been actually done, can it be regarded as a harmonious society? The Song people seem to have higher moral requirements for themselves than later generations, and their answer is - no!

They were not satisfied with these three points alone, so they came up with a "leaky garden" system.

What does Leaky Garden do? Hong Tao guessed for a long time and didn't guess it, but in the end, Lian'er Zui quickly gave the correct answer, and Leaky Zeyuan is the cemetery of later generations!

During the reign of Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, the imperial court bought land in the Buddhist temple in the suburbs of Gyeonggi to kill the ownerless. The corpse is worth six hundred dollars for a coffin, and half of the young."

When he arrived in the Shenzong Dynasty, he officially issued an edict: "Order the county-by-county officials to be barren for three or five hectares, and listen to people to bury them." If there is no owner, the official is a cripple; If the people are willing to get money, the officials will lend them money; No more than 2,000 for each mourning, no interest. ”

See, this is a holy decree with a clear edict. The poor don't have to worry about not being able to afford to die, and the state pays for you to buy a coffin and a cemetery. Of course, don't think that the location of the cemetery is not good, and you don't pay attention to eating steamed buns in vain and too dark.

If you are still not happy to bury your relatives in the suburbs too far away, and it is not good to worship during the New Year's holidays, then the government will give you a loan to buy a better cemetery to bury your relatives. Note that this loan is interest-free.

Is it qualified to just bury people? The Song people taught Hong Tao another lesson this time, and their answer was still - no!

In the Song Dynasty, there was also a very humane management system, such as the deceased had a funeral vessel to accompany the funeral, and there were Lan Xi sacrifices, which tried their best to take care of the dignity of the deceased.

These burial offerings and offerings were purchased by the government; "Buying a house in the garden, thinking that it is a spring and autumn memorial, and listening to its relatives enjoy the sacrifice"; There is also a special person to manage, "the official committee is in charge of the two virtuous monks, and the monthly payment of five yuan and one stone of rice is given to each branch."

See, even if he is poor and dies, the government wants to let him die as decently as possible, and after he reaches the underworld, he can't become a helpless and helpless poor worm with no one to take care of.

There must be memorial utensils, and it doesn't matter if you don't have relatives to sweep the grave, the government pays for monks to replace it. After all, it is your own country, and you can try to start and finish well.

From birth to death, the welfare system of the Song Dynasty was basically covered, and there was already a bit of a welfare state in later generations. Although these systems may not be perfectly implemented due to conditions and abilities, from the original intention of formulating these laws, the emperor and the minister at that time did not want to prove to the world how powerful they were, and it was impossible to prove it at that time.

They just prove it to their own people, and they want the people to know that their leaders are not mouth sellers, and they are not all fooling people, but they still really think about everyone, and do as much as they can do, and if they can't do that, there is no problem.

"The imperial court has to invest a lot of money and food into these institutions every year, no wonder the ministers and officials are black-hearted to make a new deal, and they will definitely not be able to make ends meet!"

Hong Tao just listened to the welfare system of the Song Dynasty, and he didn't plan to do any Red Cross in this era. But I still heard one thing of concern, and that is the financial issue.

Whether it is internal or external, money and food are the key. The army of the Song Dynasty had to resist a strong enemy in the north, and if there was no horse, it could only rely on equipment, but it needed money to make bows and crossbows and armor.

If a large part of the imperial court's annual revenue is given to social welfare, it will inevitably affect military spending, which is a dilemma. The reduction of social welfare will make the people disappointed in the imperial court, but the result of not increasing military spending will be more serious, and the people may not even have the opportunity to be disappointed, and they will have to despair.

"What the officials said is not right...... The money and grain allocated by the internal funds of each bureau and each square are fixed, and in addition to the amount of expenditure, all the interest generated by the offset is remitted, and the interest is taken for expenses. ”

Not only did Tomaki not express the slightest approval of this concern, but also retorted it, her face full of idiot-like expressions, as if she was not facing the doctor of mathematics who taught her to calculate, but an uncivilized savage.

"What's that? Arrive! Is there a pawn now? What about cross-reference and check-check libraries? ”

Hong Tao, who was still worried about the country and the people a second ago, listened to Fu Ji's words and blushed again, this time he traveled to the Northern Song Dynasty, his identity was much more noble than before, and the number of times he could eat deflated was also the sum of the previous times.

It's understandable to be ignorant in front of the prime minister and the emperor, but how can it be embarrassing to let a female generation despise it so much. No, it's not a woman, even if Lian'er can't bear to make a contemptuous expression, her mouth is still pouting.

Hong Tao is more familiar with the institution of the pawnshop, and there is one in the Southern Song Dynasty, and its name sounds like a pawnshop, but in fact, its function is much more advanced than that of a pawnshop. What is it? In essence, the pawn office was the bank of the Song Dynasty, and the things it did were basically done by banks, such as absorbing deposits and then lending to earn interest!

In fact, this kind of institution also existed in the Qing Dynasty, not to mention the best in the previous dynasties, such as the ticket number, money bank, peace meeting, account office, and pawnshop in the Qing Dynasty, which together can be regarded as the prototype of the bank.

But all of these financial institutions in the Qing Dynasty are incomparable, they are state-owned banks, and the financial institutions of the Qing Dynasty are all privately owned.

Is there a big gap between state-owned and private-owned? The answer is yes, not only in the big way, but also in essence. What's the difference? in the government's macroeconomic policy.

The former must be attached to a whole set of economic measures, and there is no point in just making a bank. The latter is completely free-range, and there is no overall direction at all, and it can only be regarded as an add-on to the spontaneous nature of the production.

A person has a goal and a direction since the day he was born; One is a headless fly, which flies wherever it goes, and after today, it doesn't know what tomorrow will be like.

That's the gap, the huge gap. Let's put it this way, the financial policies and institutions of the Song Dynasty were several grades more advanced than those of the Qing Dynasty nearly a thousand years later, and they could not be compared at all.

To put it bluntly, after thousands of years of development, China reached the Qing Dynasty, and not only did not make progress in the level of financial management, but also greatly regressed.

And China's science and technology, humanities, education, and even agriculture, industry, and national defense levels have been surpassed by the West in less than a thousand years, and they have been left far behind. I can't refute it if I have to say that this is an accident, but in Hong Tao's opinion, it is an inevitability.

Before the beheading operation was carried out in the Southern Song Dynasty, he discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the Southern Song Dynasty system with the high-level officials of the Jinhe Empire, and what he valued most was the foundation of a commercial society, of which the development of the financial industry was the most important.

But he didn't expect that in the Northern Song Dynasty more than 100 years ago, the financial industry had already developed. Since there is a docking station, it is impossible to do without its supporting facilities, such as the transfer library and the inspection library.