Chapter Thirty-Nine: Eight Strokes of the Official's Book (I)
One person is always better than a group of people.
A hundred years ago, Confucius had 72 sages and 3,000 disciples, so he traveled to various countries, and all countries treated him with courtesy.
He gathered his disciples with the courtesy and affection of teachers and students. There is a son of faith and righteousness, a rich Duanmu Ci, and a spear field to reform the tax system.
A hundred years later, after he started a private school, all his sons rose together.
Mozi thought of ghosts and gods, righteousness, and relief of the world, and gathered a group of disciples no less than Zhong Ni back then, all of whom were the essence of a lifetime, where could Gongsun Ze be compared?
In the past, when the Qi State was first established, only three or four hundred soldiers could conquer Dongyi and eventually become a powerful country. Regardless of Confucianism, these disciples can govern a country.
Besides, there are many things that Gongsun Ze disdains and will not do, so he left.
Debate 54 did not immediately get the opportunity to debate with Shi, and Mozi did not explain whether Shi was his personal disciple or not, but only let Yu Huali introduce him to many ink masters at this time.
Among them, there are some characters who have heard of it before, but most of them have not heard of it, and he can't remember so much for a while.
However, many of these people are craftsmen, and it can be said that they can find suitable skilled hands from planting to smelting.
As for the carpenter and stonemason, Mozi himself is the best in the world, the public loss class has passed away, no one can match, and the people taught by his subordinates are naturally not weaker than the descendants of the southern public loss class.
The crowd asked about what was said in "Promised Land".
Born in stonemasons, he cares about grinding discs and grinders; Born as a carpenter, he cares about the water drain; Those who are born in smelting are concerned about the annealing of cast iron; Those who are farmers are concerned about the grain and rice of the present world......
For a while, it was in full swing, arguing that Fifty-four was not tall, where could he squeeze those who were born as craftsmen.
But in the end, he still found an opportunity, and he was about to open his mouth when he took the right hand.
There are many things that can be argued, and the Mohist logical system is common internally and has been formed, and there is a definite number of what kind of arguments can be argued with each other and what arguments cannot be argued with each other.
I thought to myself, once I opened my mouth, it wouldn't be something I could stop for a while, and it was okay to deceive Gongsun Ze by myself.
In the face of such a proficient dialectical character, it would not be good if he could not find an argument and reveal something that should not be revealed.
When Fifty-four was about to speak, Shi smiled and said, "I heard an interesting story, brother, listen to it?" ”
Fifty-four nodded hurriedly, and the rest of the people had long wanted to meet the debate between Shi and Fifty-four, and they all listened to this story.
"In other words, Taoyi is a place where merchants come and go. One day, when three scholars entered a restaurant together, the owner asked, 'Do you want a liter of rice for each of you?' The first inker replied, 'I don't know'. The second inker replied, 'I don't know'. The third inker replied, 'Yes.' The master said, 'Then I'll know'. ”
"What does the first unknown mean? I don't know what the second means. Why did the third person say something that the first two didn't know? What did the owner know in the end? ”
Hearing this story, it seemed very simple at first listen, but after thinking about it carefully, I suddenly felt that the aftertaste was endless, and I faintly thought of the key, but I didn't fully grasp the point, and I was anxious to scratch my ears and cheeks.
A group of ink artists next to him teased: "Fifty-four, if you argue with Yang Zhu, Lie Yukou and others, wouldn't you already be considered to be poor at this time?" ”
I just didn't hear the fifty-fourth debate, and my heart said that you are not deep in debate, where can you experience the flavor of this question?
Mozi was on the side, thought for a while, and already understood in his heart what the four people meant, and said in his heart: "This question is interesting, enough for fifty-four to think about it for a while." ”
Now that he had guessed it through, he coughed lightly and said, "Fifty-four, you think first." The rest of the people let the reed flower take you around the village, and let her read the fivefold paradise to you. ”
The disciples claimed that it was, and Mozi beckoned to Shi Shi and said, "You come with me." ”
Shi knew that the most critical time had come, and he came to Mozi with bated breath, and everyone behind him was still discussing those things, and he turned a deaf ear.
The previous cheerfulness was like the first time an ignorant boy went to his girlfriend's house for dinner, and he was happy during the meal.
But after the meal is the hardest, the girlfriend was made an excuse by her father to wash the dishes in the kitchen, and the rest of the two are the real conversations, and the joy at the dinner table before the slightest accident will come to naught.
Mozi looked a little nervous, and said with a smile: "You don't have to be nervous, follow me for a few steps." ”
"Yes."
"There are a lot of things I want to ask, just like the hemp ball in a woman's hand has been played with by a child, and I don't know where to start asking. In this way, let's look at it while walking, and let's start with this village community. ”
"Yes."
He has been making it up for more than half a year, although it is not seamless, and he feels that he can be confused.
The two of them walked one after the other, casually.
Mozi looked up and saw that Gongsun Ze saw half a year ago that the wall that said "Flowing Fire in July and Clothes in September" was written.
The wall is still the same wall, and the words have been written in the next few sentences.
This is a very good poem, which can not only incite dissatisfaction, but also fit the scene of the village community, and more importantly, there are many numbers and various months, which is suitable for Mengtong literacy.
Mozi pointed to the words on it and said, "This is a word?" Plausible, I don't recognize, but I can guess a few. ”
"It's a word, sir."
"Are you literate?"
This word is not the other word.
Shi shook his head, and said in his heart that in the land of Song and Chu, the popular insect seal, the so-called carving insect skills in later generations. Although it is a small skill, it is also a skill, where do you recognize it?
Mozi pointed to a few words on the wall and asked, "You can't read, but you can write?" ”
"Sir, this word is not the other word. In the past, Cangjie understood Tianzhi and wrote words, the original intention was to let people pass down their knowledge, and word of mouth always said that there was always Zengzi killing people. In this case, the word itself is uncertain, as long as everyone accepts it. ”
After thinking for a while, he smiled and said, "Sir, in the village community, I can write." Because no one in the village can write, the words are my words to them. I said it was one, it was one, and when they all thought it was one, I would write one. ”
"When I left the village, I couldn't write. Give me a bamboo slip, and I don't recognize it, so I can't write or read. ”
"Whether I can write or not is not up to me, but to others. Cangjie is alone, whether he knows how to read or not, he can't read. ”
Mozi smiled and asked, "Do you want to learn to write?" ”
Shi replied solemnly: "Sir, I don't want to learn. ”
Mozi was a little surprised. At this time, it is not easy to learn words, how can there be studious people who don't want to learn words?
Shi Hui said: "I want many people to know the writing I write on the wall, and then I don't have to learn to write, but I can already write." I don't want to learn words, I just want to teach words. ”
Mozi also smiled: "This word is not the other word? ”
"This word is indeed not the other word."
"Why do so many people know this word?"
"Peach and plum are self-explanatory. When there was gold in the mountains, people would carry the gold themselves, without forcing it to be distributed among everyone. Mr. Tianzhi has Tianzhi, I also understand Tianzhi, Tianzhi is the most treasured, and people in the world will naturally take the initiative to learn this word. If you don't learn, you won't understand Tianzhi. ”
Shi squatted down, picked up a branch, and wrote a paragraph on the ground.
Mozi looked down and could guess a few, but he didn't recognize them together, so he didn't know what they meant.
"Do you recognize, sir?"
"I can't recognize it all. Guess a few. ”
"Sir, this passage is about how to grow sweet potatoes and how to store them. Those who want to learn these words must not be nobles who do not have a lot of crops. You've heard the stuff in "Promised Land", it's all in line with God's will. Whether it is the silk of plants and trees or the words of clay prints, it can be made. When the time comes, I'll all print these words, and those who don't know how to read will learn these words if they want to learn these things. ”
Mozi nodded and said, "That's right." But why didn't they write them back into seal scripts? ”
Shi Hui said: "Because if the seal script is a character, then the people who learn these 'characters' are not very literate. Besides, Mr. once said that it is good for people to say that it is clever, but it is not conducive to people to say that it is clumsy, how can people abandon clever things and go back to clumsy things? Moreover, only I ink can mark the method, and it will not be passed on. How long did it take for them to copy the "Rites" in seal script on bamboo slips? How long does it take for us to print the Chronicles of Heaven on the silk of plants and trees? So twenty years later, are there many people who are familiar with "Tianzhi"? Or are there many people who are familiar with "Li"? ”
"Zhongni has been passed on by word of mouth, but there are only 3,000 disciples. If it is passed down from word to word, how can there be more than 3,000 disciples? ”
"The merchants of Taoyi like to stand on a high place to observe the market, where the price is low, the price is high, and the price is high, so it is called the ridge and broken."
"If merchants can monopolize the bazaar, why can't we Moji monopolize learning, so as to determine the origin of learning in the world? The silk of plants and trees, the words of mud prints, as soon as the two things come out, the world's knowledge will be dominated by ink. ”
"Besides, now this text can be understood by people in the world, can there be one in a thousand? If in the future, one out of a thousand people knows the other word, and one out of a hundred people knows this word, then is it one in a thousand people who is illiterate? Or is it illiterate for one hundred? ”
Therefore, the disciples do not learn words, but only teach words. At that time, they will naturally be able to write and read. ”
Mozi laughed loudly, he thought that his ambition was already great, but he didn't want this suitable ambition to be not inferior to him.
The next sentence after laughing shocked Shi into a cold sweat.
"You did what I thought when I was younger. Among the ink scholars, there were not many scholars, and many were illiterate. When I was young, I thought, in this case, why don't I learn Cangjie and hit the text hard? However, it took me half a year to finally understand the great wisdom of Cangjie, and it would be difficult for me to complete it in my life even if I was poor. ”
The cultural level of many ink scholars is indeed not high, and the "Book of Ink" that has been handed down is the most typo in the Zhuzi doctrine, and there are many borrowed words - probably primary school students' compositions, a certain word can read and write, so write a homophone.
Mozi spoke in another dialect, and many dialects can still be heard in the Qiluyu countryside in later generations, such as "in the middle of the country", "hunger", "binfu" and other dialects, two thousand years later, the same meaning.
Whether Mozi has ever thought about creating characters is the first time I know, but in the Book of Ink, Mozi raised the issue of standardizing grammar in the dialectic system.
At least in the Dialectics, Mozi has raised the problem of normative grammatical tenses: what has not yet happened in the future is called and; What has happened must be called when it is expressed; It's happening, because I can't think of the right words, so let's call it and...... Including those various examples of the dialectic, because of that, hypothetical so...... Although it is not said that there are too many changes, it is necessary to standardize the grammar in the argumentative essay within the ink writer, and there is no mistake in the slightest, which is related to the debate system.
The meaning of Mozi is probably to create a set of characters that can be recognized and quickly learned by ink writers, and used for internal communication, anyway, the communication between ink writers is difficult for ordinary people to understand, plus the cultural level is not high, and there are many typos.
But after trying, I realized that this was an almost impossible ambition, so I stopped talking about it abruptly.
After Mozi finished saying this, he stared at Shi and asked the next most important sentence.
"Cangjie made words, that is the ancient sage, as you said, it is the enlightenment of heaven. I think I'm smarter than anyone else, but I can't do that. From whom did you learn these words? Why is this man not famous? You said that you realized the will of heaven and thought of the millstone, and I believe this; But you say you don't learn to write but you can write, I don't believe that. I talk about fate, from nothing that is destined. ”
It is appropriate to know that Mozi must ask about his eccentricity, but fortunately, he has already been proficient in making up in the past half a year.
So he saluted the ink man and said, "Sir, this is not my own creation, and the things I know are also learned from others." ”
Mozi smiled: "This is the strange person you are talking about?" ”
"It's not one, it's two."
Shi said slowly: "One is named Sainz, and the other is named Tang Han. This Sainz told me to call him Mr. Sai, but another named Tang Han said that the name came from my parents, so I was only allowed to call him Tang Han. ”
Mozi listened to these two names and muttered, "Mr. Sai? Tang Han? ”