Chapter 248: The Road of Qi (6)
As the Tian clan of Daiqi, Tian He knows the various methods of the nobility.
Twenty years ago, he was not the monarch, but the largest nobleman in the entire Qi country, so he knew the little tricks of the nobles in his heart.
He was not a farmer from the bottom who came to power in an uprising, so he may not know what the bottom wants, but he must know what the nobles want and what they oppose.
In order to encourage the nobles to develop industry and commerce, or to prevent the nobles from accumulating power as their families did, he also formulated the following policies.
One is the unification of weights and measures.
Tian's start, relying on the inconsistency of weights and measures to attract the hearts of the people, in the famine years, with a big bucket to lend, small bucket to ask for return, so as to legally and reasonably use the inconsistency of weights and measures, take advantage of the loophole to play the side ball.
He didn't think of this for the development of industry and commerce, he only thought of it based on his family's history.
Of course, Tian He felt that this could also promote the development of Qi industry's industry and commerce, and help him collect taxes.
Secondly, the nobles are openly allowed to set up industries such as smelting metals, but they must be declared public, otherwise once they are investigated and dealt with without declaring but quietly opened, they will be immediately divided by heavy fines or even cut off their fiefs.
This industry is also a good thing for various nobles to make a fortune, and when the Tian family made a fortune, there was the act of mining gold and copper.
Since this is what the nobles do, he might as well allow the nobles to do so, as long as they pay enough taxes.
Understaffed? The peasants in the fiefdom are at the disposal of the nobles, and you can do what you want. If the people's grievances boil, it can make an example to the people, alleviate the hatred of the people, and at the same time be called the king of benevolence and righteousness by the people.
Lack of technology? Industrialists and merchants were allowed to set up businesses, and they could be given support, and even nobles were allowed to sell the peasants in their fiefdoms to industrialists and merchants for their benefit.
Not having enough money? The "national railway" and the state-owned treasury under the policy of official mountains and seas can be given loans and support.
Even some "government-run" handicrafts handed down from the Spring and Autumn Period can be transferred to some wealthy merchants who want to support.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, the handicraft industry in various countries was mainly government-run, and with the development of the times, a large number of private handicraft industries appeared.
However, the economic school of Qi believes that under the premise of "changing people's minds", they will be resentful if they continue to restrain those who are "hundreds of workers" by means of official management.
Another example is the establishment of a mine, if the peasants are directly conscripted for labor, the people will easily make trouble when they get together, and these farmers will inevitably be resentful and may defect when they fight.
In this case, it is better to transfer some government-run handicrafts to private individuals - as for what kind of people are eligible to get these industries, it is naturally the part of the people who support the Qi school of economics, that is, those who can get benefits in this way.
In this way, the wealthy merchants could run the originally government-run handicraft industry, and the merchants would seek profits, so they would find ways to extract profits, and the monarch only needed to collect taxes.
Moreover, industries such as the establishment of mines, involving the wealthy merchants, the organization is organized by them, and they are responsible for accidents, and the peasants can be killed appropriately if they are resentful, and the peasants will not be resentful of the king.
As a monarch, he only needs to "take three out of ten", obtain enough benefits to enrich the treasury, and recruit soldiers.
Moreover, it can greatly promote the economic development of Qi State, so that the handicraft industry can develop, and the development of the handicraft industry can make "the pawn have armor and the soldier has a chariot", and also make a material foundation for the formation of a standing army similar to the Sishang Mojia or the Xihe warrior.
In this way, it was possible to guard against the nobles and merchants, and at the same time to make the merchants and petty nobles dependent on the king.
Under the wave of external "opening of the country", the nobles of the Qi State instead gained the power to dominate the fiefdom farmers, which made them inevitably closely rally around the Qi marquis to maintain their interests.
In the context of the nobility and the noble merchants and the lowly merchants, they also supported some families to rely on the monarch to form large-scale handicraft industries, and allowed the nobles to send the farmers on the fiefdom to work in the industry, which not only solved the problem of "the people are changing their industries", but also made these wealthy merchants who had been supported must support the monarch, otherwise their interests would be plundered by the nobles.
Moreover, this kind of support can also make the local wealthy merchants of Qi break with the Sishang Mo family, and the business of the Sishang Mo family will inevitably lose the interests of these supported wealthy merchants, if they cannot defeat the merchants on the side of the Sishang Mo family in commodity trade, they must rely on the power of the Qi Hou to obtain privileges in the country to win.
After solving the problems of aristocracy, wealthy merchants, military system, taxation, etc., it is necessary to make the next step to strengthen the centralization of power of the monarchy.
At that time, the reform of the audience was a reform on the basis of the feudal system, and on the premise of not touching the feudal system, the country was divided into fifteen baronies and six industrial and commercial cities - fifteen agricultural areas needed to provide soldiers, and six industrial and commercial cities only needed to pay taxes to provide a small number of soldiers - then Guan Zhong's idea was: the feudal system was the premise, then the monarch only needed to get five baronies and six industrial and commercial cities, which could form a crushing force for the rest of the nobles.
Now that Guan Zhong's reform achievements have long been destroyed, the times have proved that such a means can make Qi Huan dominate, but it is not enough to deal with the current situation in the world.
Therefore, Tian He envisaged that it was necessary to strengthen the centralization of power and form a set of administrative means under the direct jurisdiction of the monarch.
Tian He envisioned dividing the entire territory of Qi into five capitals.
Linzi is in the middle.
Judi served as the eastern front line of the Mo family.
Jimo as the rear of Jiaodong.
Gao Tang served as the front line in the direction of Yan and Zhao.
Pingyin served as the front line against Wei, Lu, and southward to Sishang.
These five capitals set up a governor named "Du Dafu" to take charge of military and political power.
Doctor Du is not a feudal doctor, not a title like Shangqing and Shangdafu, but a special existence, similar to the "duke" of Chu, but it cannot be hereditary.
The candidates for the Metropolitan Doctor were personally chosen by the monarch and, of course, from among the nobles.
The Du Dafu did not have a fief in the "Five Capitals", they had a fief as a "doctor", but they did not have an additional fief as a "Du Dafu", so they had to obey the monarch.
Under the Imperial Doctor, there were other administrative bodies, but unlike the "doctors", the candidates for these administrative bodies were not the retainers and scholars of the nobles, but the children of the nobles or scholars selected by the monarch.
In the five capitals, a certain number of standing armies must be set up, and the military power belongs to the monarch, but the command power in general belongs to the capital doctor.
The Linzi area imitated Sishang, established a standing army, regular drills, and the number did not need to be too much, but it needed to be equipped with new weapons, such as arquebuses, crossbows, etc.
Officers, children of nobles.
Because Zhuxia is the primogeniture inheritance system, a large number of concubines have no chance to get ahead, and gradually fall from doctors to scholars, and finally from scholars to commoners.
And under the original sub-sealing system, one radish and one pit, unless external expansion, there are not so many pits and feuds, but now the Qi country has been occupied for hundreds of years, and all the pits have been occupied.
A large number of aristocratic concubines are eager to rise, and the academic geometry of the Mo family, nine numbers, etc., has to be said to be very useful.
As a monarch, Tian He naturally likes the Mo family's "Shangxian", but the Mo family's things in recent years have made Tian He dare not be "Shangxian".
What if those sages are ink writers?
Therefore, it is still the children of the nobility who are more reliable, forcing a large number of noble concubines to learn useful cultural knowledge and act as officers, officials, etc.
In other words, the great sects of the nobility still have fiefs.
But the small sons of the aristocracy, who entered the standing army as officers, obtained a path to the ranks, and monopolized the selection of officers, so that they would be keen on external expansion, because they had to find a "pit" for their turnip.
At the same time, this upward channel was opened up within the aristocracy, which could also enable a large number of noble concubines to study hard, expand the number of grassroots officers and administrative officials, and adapt to the new military system and administrative reforms.
The radical ideas brought about by the kind of universal education in Sishang, Tian He don't have to worry. If you don't take the initiative to do it, there will always be a gap between the commoners and the aristocracy, and the aristocracy will always be easier for the nobles to obtain knowledge than the common people, so that the people who are the backbone are all noble concubines, and they will not change their own lives.
The "primogeniture inheritance system" of Zhuxia itself ensured the existence of a large number of "scholars", but this channel was blocked under the history of the feudal system for hundreds of years, and Tian He only opened this channel, so that the scholars could have more opportunities to become officials.
Only by collecting the power of the aristocracy can vacant vacancies, otherwise, the situation of the family and the country being isomorphic and the doctors and the family together, the officials at the grassroots level are all the vassals of the nobles, and the power of the monarch will not be able to talk about.
Tian He estimated that if the reform was successful, then the entire Qi country would become a powerful state united by "monarchs, nobles, and wealthy merchants".
In that case, I am afraid that outside the four realms, Yan, Zhao, Wei, Han, Song, etc. are all facing the south.
After solving the problems of the military system, finance, administration, and centralization at the upper level, it is necessary to consider the number of soldiers and taxes in order to cooperate with the new military system.
The military system under the feudal system is the most suitable, with the doctor as the commander, the soldier as the brigade commander, and the military system of integrating peasants and soldiers.
However, in order to reform and establish a standing army to cope with the war in the new era, it is necessary to reform the system.
On the one hand, the peasants in the fiefdoms of the nobility needed to be provided to the monarch as the "military endowment" of the nobility, which was considered a forced conscription.
On the other hand, this time the Mo family did a great favor to the Marquis of Qi, and the nobles in a large area of land south of the Great Wall were swept away, either fleeing or being captured.
Tian He felt that he could use it, and if Tian Yan had this means, then the various changes he envisioned would be considered a real opportunity.
This time the coup was successful, Tian Yan must continue to purge the nobles, and the Mo family will kill a bunch of nobles with blood debts, so the fief can be recovered.
Now it is the nobles north of the Great Wall who have real power, and as long as they ensure that their interests are not moved, then the changes south of the Great Wall can be properly carried out.
Acknowledging that the peasants owned the land, only had to pay taxes to the monarch, and that they had the obligation to join the army, the problem of soldiers could be solved.
Moreover, this amounted to an expansion of the scope of the monarch's direct jurisdiction, providing more space for nobles and concubines to act as officials and officers, and expanding the income of the treasury.
Of course, it is impossible to change all of them, and it is also necessary to return some of the nobles' fiefs, after all, the nobles are relatives among themselves, and it will not be good to make the nobles angry and resentful that this is tyranny.
Then you need to pick soft persimmons and pinch them, and at the same time clean up Tian's political enemies by the way.
In this way, if the five-capital system can be implemented, Pingyin and Linzi can be held in the hands of the monarch, and these two places can be used as a pilot to ensure that the soldiers can not only form a close structure of the upper class monarchs, nobles, and wealthy merchants; The nobles of the middle class served as the backbone of the army, and the privileged merchants served as the economic cornerstone of the city.
This is the path of Qi conceived by Tian He, a different path from the Sishang National Communist, where all people are equal; It is different from the Qin State's emphasis on agriculture and suppression of commerce, and the government's business and commerce; is different from the border feudalism of the Chu State and the internal power of the Xiaoxi Zhou; It is different from the indiscriminate blood tax self-cultivation in the West River of the Wei State...... Of course, it is also different from the road to a strong country in Zhouli Antique Yan Kingdom.
This road, Tian He has been planning for 20 years, and has never had the opportunity to implement it.
And now, taking advantage of the situation of the Qi-Mo War, Tian He feels that Tian Yan can inherit his will and finish this road.
In terms of divine authority, the Yellow Emperor is the ancestor, and the reincarnation of the Battle of Hanquan is the Tian family.
In terms of political power, the Yellow Emperor's school is used as the skin, and the pipe school that is native to Qi and suitable for the particularity of Qi is used.
In terms of military system, with the experience of 20 years of conquest in various countries, the aristocratic military system of feudal division was abandoned.
Realistically...... The Mo family's battle this time is a great opportunity.
Things south of the Great Wall...... You can ask the Mo family to help.
Didn't the Mo family want to benefit the world? That's good, the black cauldron that offended the nobles of Qi State, please take it over from your Mo family, and will you take it against the army, will your Mo family carry it or not? If you recite it, Qi is strong; If you don't memorize it, what face do you have to talk about benefiting the world?
The state of Chu was able to try to reform, because Wu Qi killed many nobles of the state of Chu in the first battle of Daliang, and several princes of Zhigui were captured or killed in battle, and a large number of nobles in the city of Daliang were captured by gunpowder, so that the king of Chu had the ability to centralize power.
How difficult it is to prosper the country, this is the meaning.
So Tian He thought about it and felt that the first thing he wanted to talk about was that after the coup d'état, he immediately released a rumor, saying that the Mo family wanted to benefit the people of Ji and Wen, and if it was not conducive to peace talks, it would be known to all parts of the Qi country, and forced the Mo family to add this article to the peace treaty to contribute to the centralization of power in the Qi country.