Chapter 392: Six Million Poor Middle Peasants

All affairs were over, and Tepuqin was about to leave Heilongjiang, where he had exhausted his life's energy, and the imperial court asked him to transfer to the post of general of Shengjing. Tepuqin is a native of Shengjing, and it is a great joy to be able to return to his hometown at an old age, but looking at the rolling river of Heilongjiang, the old general's heart is infinitely reluctant.

"When the general returns to his homeland, burn a few pieces of paper money in front of my spirit and tell me!" Before leaving, Tepchin only asked for this one thing.

"The old general will go back to Shengjing and cultivate his body well, there will be a time when you and I will drink on Temple Street!" Temple Street is a relatively northerly lost area, and Goxinga used it to express his determination to regain his homeland.

"Please!" Tepchin gave Goxinga a deep salute and then shed tears.

After sending Tepuqin away, Guo Xing'a also had to return to Jilin to arrange internal affairs, and before leaving Aihui, he made minor adjustments to the deployment of various units of the Gu'an Army. With the light cavalry brigade headquarters of Bozhtu, it was stationed in the area of the Zhelimu League to deter the Mongol princes such as the Zhelimu League, the Xilin Gol League, and the Zhao-Uganda League. Nash's provisional 4th Infantry Regiment was stationed in Jilin Province east of the Ussuri River, and Ji Ying's 2nd Infantry Regiment was stationed in the hinterland of Jilin, and Bozhtu's light cavalry brigade was assisted. Acton's provisional 3rd Infantry Regiment was stationed in the Sanjiao area and deployed defenses along the river to confront the Russian army in the Burli area. Li Zhi's 2nd Light Cavalry Regiment was centered in Qiqihar and stationed in the eastern part of Heilongjiang, and the 3rd Light Cavalry Regiment in Kan Great Wall was centered in Hailar and stationed in Hulunbuir and other western areas of Heilongjiang. Tan Shaoguang's cavalry regiment and Kong Zhen's artillery regiment were stationed in Aihui to consolidate the river defense and monitor the movements of the Russian army on the opposite bank at any time. Cao Meng's light cavalry regiment patrolled along the river, serving as a mobile force to support the various units at any time. Bi Yuntao's infantry regiment was stationed in Harbin as a reserve, ready to deal with emergencies in various places at any time. With the exception of Tan Shaoguang, Bi Yuntao, Cao Meng, Bo Ritu, and Actun, all of the above departments have the task of producing and building the Corps, and in addition to teaching the people in the localities to cultivate and cultivate, they also have to organize and train the militia.

When he walked to Harbin, Guo Xing'a gave two more orders to the front-line departments. First, all the original Qing troops except the Gu'an Army were scattered and withdrawn to Harbin, where Bi Yuntao reorganized and trained, and the officers were trained after they entered the training team. Second, it will cut off all trade with Russia on the north bank, block the shipping lanes of the Heilongjiang and Ussuri rivers, prohibit any ships from coming and going for any reason, and only allow people along the rivers to fish in some waters with military permission. Anyone who crossed the ceasefire line without permission was arrested, all items of all kinds confiscated, and they were sent to military cantonments to serve two years of hard labor before being repatriated to Russian-controlled areas.

The first order of Goxinga was executed very smoothly, and the name of King Goyama had already spread all over Heiji, how could anyone dare to come and send him to death. The second order caused a chain reaction, China has no problem in this regard, and everyone doesn't need Lao Maozi's things, the Russian side is crazy, they urgently need Chinese food. Therefore, the Russian side sent envoys to protest to Tan Shaoguang, but Tan Shaoguang did not reply except shaking his head. Lao Maozi, who was forced to be anxious, could only send the river fleet to rush through the pass by force, and the result was naturally a violent beating by the artillery unit. And this time it was even more ruthless than the last battle of Aihui, because before Kong Zhen and Guo Xing'a returned to Jilin, they deliberately left more than a dozen 150 mm caliber heavy artillery for their subordinates who stayed by the river, and Tan Shaoguang also helped repair the fort, so he naturally fought more ruthlessly. Lao Maozi not only failed to succeed in rushing through the customs, but also lost the last dozen boats. The most disgusting thing is that seven medium-sized Russian river ships fell into the crossfire of the battery, and under the deliberate retention and deterrence of the artillery, the seven basically intact ships actually surrendered to Tan Shaoguang. Lao Maozi's own inland river fleet only had two or three kittens left, but Tan Shaoguang started an inland river fleet. These seven ships were replaced with the new light artillery of the Gu'an Army, and they walked around the river when they had nothing to do, patrolling at the same time, but also crushing the remnants of the Russian inland river fleet and the defeated generals did not dare to leave the port at all.

When Tan Shaoguang asked the prisoners of war to teach his subordinates to play boats, he just wanted to deter Lao Maozi and protect the people fishing in the river by the way. However, no one thought that the sailors trained by using inland river ships to learn how to operate boats from prisoners would become the backbone of the Guoxing'an Navy before Rong Hong, Botun and others returned to China. Tan Shaoguang, a famous army general, never imagined that the dispute between the "foreign faction" and the "inland river faction" of the Chinese Navy in the future would actually be a foreshadowing laid by him, a person who is a little seasick.

Of course, after the Russian side was violently beaten by Tan Shaoguang, they did not rest there, they could not defeat the Gu'an army, and could only put pressure on the Qing government in Beijing through diplomatic channels. After receiving the information from Eastern Siberia, the Russian minister Ignatiev immediately approached Yi Xin, the prime minister's state affairs, and demanded that the Qing government make compensation for the Manchurian incident, severely punish Guoxing, and immediately open border trade. Yi Xin's reply was also very sincere, he couldn't help it, because he couldn't control Guo Xing'a at all. Before Guo Xing'a went to Heiji, he had already discussed the origin of his foreign affairs with Yi Xin, Su Shun and the Empress Dowager of the Two Palaces, and General Fuyuan and General Heiji were just internal statements of the Qing Dynasty, and Guo Xing'a's external name should be the North Manchuria Autonomous Government of the Qing Empire of China. There is a precedent in the international community for this kind of thing, and Yi Xin said that he can't control Goxinga, and Ignatiev can't do anything about it. Moreover, Ignatiev personally experienced the chaos of Goxinga's siege of Beijing, and he can also understand the actual situation of Goxinga's lack of love at all, and the so-called tough protest can only be casual talk.

In the face of the angry Ignatiev, Yixin also understood him very well, in addition to his dissatisfaction with Goxinga's autonomy in power, he was also uncomfortable in name. The Qing Empire is the Qing Empire, and Guoxing Afei wants to add the word China, which is really annoying. However, at this time, Goxinga did another big thing, so that Ignatiev and Yixin had steps to go down, and Goxinga once again proved that Yixin couldn't control him. Guo Xing'a sent all the Qing court officials in Heiji, including the Wusi and the Daofu, back to the imperial court, and all the officials in Heiji were handled by himself. Although he was very angry, with this incident, Yixin could look at Ignatiev with a smile.

Heiji's Guoxing Ake not only sent people back to Yixin, but even the original Heiji boundary and Taoist system in the Qing Dynasty were abolished. Guoxing'a needs to be intensively cultivated, and the original division of the Daofu and the alliance flag in the Qing Dynasty is too extensive, so Guoxing'a, who moved to Changchun, has to overthrow himself. The area east of the Ussuri River, where Nash was stationed, was divided into Dongjiang Province by Gohinga. The area with the surname San, where Acton was stationed, was divided into Sanjiang Province because it was the Sanjiang Plain in the area where the three rivers converged. Tan Shaoguang garrisoned, Li Zhi production and construction area is still Heilongjiang Province, but the area where the Kan Great Wall is garrisoned is divided into Xing'an Province separately. Harbin, where Bi Yuntao was stationed, and large areas to the north and south were merged to form a new Songjiang province. Jilin and the line from Changchun to Yanji, where Jiying was stationed, were established as Jilin Province. Guoxing'a had the intention of taking in the Zhelimu League, which was garrisoned by Bozhitu, and getting a Tongliao or Shuangliao province out, but the power of the Mongol princes was still too great, and they could only temporarily encroach on it.

As his own family, he changed his territory from two provinces to six provinces, and Guoxinga had a very good time, but when the civil officials reported the statistics of the people in the North Manchurian region to Guoxinga, Guoxinga was not happy, and he was facing a bit of trouble. There are more than 4 million registered residents in the North Manchurian region, and because of the flight of displaced people and other reasons, there are more than 1 million people who are not registered in the register, plus more than 300,000 people who have moved back from the north, the total population is only 6 million. There are all ethnic groups such as Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui, Xibe, Hezhe, Oroqen, etc., and there are more than 200,000 Koreans. And there is still a bit of a problem with the origin of these North Koreans, they live in the Yanji area, and no one can tell whether they have been living here for their ancestors, or whether they escaped from North Korea to reclaim the land by taking advantage of the Qing Dynasty's ban on the Northeast. In addition to being good at singing and dancing, and being able to cook spicy cabbage, these guys are also unusually slippery. If the government counts the land, they are the locals who live here. If the government collects taxes, they are starving people from small states who have fled the famine, begging for food only one season, and then returning to their homeland after surviving, where can they pay taxes.

Guoxing Ake is not as easy to fool as General Jilin, and he solved the problem of ethnic Koreans in one sentence. If you consider yourself Chinese, you should cultivate well, obey the government's arrangements, and pay taxes on time. If you just want to take advantage and do not recognize yourself as Chinese, you will all go back to North Korea. The Gu'an Army will soon set up a border defense station, and if it dares to cross the border without a reason, it will be immediately killed.

A group of children who rely on their national identity and want to evade taxes are still easy to deal with, but Guoxing's embarrassment is the 6 million poor middle peasants who are the majority. It is no exaggeration to say that in the entire North Manchurian region, except for a few aristocratic and wealthy families, most of the people live in shacks, eat wild vegetables, and only have one set of clothes all year round. If the living conditions of this large group of people are not improved, Goxinga will inherit not a base area, but a huge refugee camp. Moreover, there are too few people in Goxinga, six million people are not as many as the army of a large European country, how can they be relied on to compete with the world in the future.

Therefore, in the broken yamen of Kuanchengzi, Guo Xing'a thought hard for three days, and discussed with Pi Runmin and others for five days before he reluctantly came up with a relatively reliable idea. North Manchukuo is a vast land, and the wasteland is all over the world, and the reason why these people can't even eat enough is mainly because of backward technology. The long Xiaoice period made many parts of the northeast unsuitable for farming, so most of the residents north of Liaoning regressed back to the level of fishing and hunting tribes. When the climate warms up, they have forgotten how to farm, and they do not have advanced agricultural tools and suitable crops, so they will naturally get worse and worse. In the same environment, immigrants who have just moved from Guannai can quickly reclaim wasteland and cultivate it on a large scale, which can not only be self-sufficient, but also be able to defend the river defense troops. If you find a general direction, the problem will be solved, the aborigines will not be able to farm, and it will be good to let the immigrants in the Kannai teach them to plant.

Then there is the land, there are a large number of landlords in the Guan, many of the peasants are tenant farmers, and most of the farmers outside the Guanxi are tenant farmers, but there are not many landlords, because the reclaimed land is in the hands of the Eight Banners nobles. Because of the problem of flag affiliation, the people could not change their lives by hard work alone, and all the income from their labor belonged to their leaders and families, and they could only get a small part. The Eight Banners system is a system that concentrates the military, government, and finance into the collective, and then belongs to the big slave owners, so when Guoxinga solves the problem of political power and military power, he has solved the land matter, and all the original nobles have been brought to the city by Guoxinga, and everything they have originally belonged to Guoxinga. Now it would be nice for Goxinga to hand it all over to the government, although Goxinga is still nominally a big lord in the individual unit, but he has turned everything into a government operation, a disguised state land ownership. In this way, the problem of arable land for the subordinates and banner slaves was solved, and the slave owners of the size of their heads were swept away, leaving only one Guoxinga, and Guoxinga was equivalent to the state. As for those who are not under the control of the Eight Banners, there is no land problem, the Koreans have directly confiscated the land they have cultivated without permission, and the small landlords are still redeemed by Guoxinga, and the tribes are even more worry-free, they have no concept of land at all.

Moreover, under the inspiration of Pi Runmin, Guo Xing'a found that the Eight Banners system was still somewhat useful, and this kind of military-political system was particularly suitable for managing remote and backward rural areas, and it could also solve the nationality and citizenship issues that Guo Xing'a had always wanted to raise. Only when the people have citizenship rights and know which country they are can cultivate the people's patriotic sentiments and facilitate all kinds of administrative management. But now Guoxing's concept of nationality and citizenship is not understood at all, and because of the delicate relationship with the imperial court, it is very difficult to operate. Therefore, Goxinga decided to grant the flag to all the people in his area, and to replace the name nationality with the flag name, but the actual meaning is similar. And because the Eight Banners were originally a military organization, it was much more convenient in terms of deployment and management.

Under this line of thinking, Guo Xinga introduced his rural policy, that is, to implement the production brigade system with the village as the unit, and the soldiers stationed in the village as the production team leader. The production brigade is a production and administrative organization, and under the leadership of the team leader, it is engaged in production labor and completes the tasks assigned by the government. At the same time, the production brigade is also a military organization, and in the event of a war, it immediately takes the captain as the commander and becomes a militia platoon, directly participating in the battle. This set of policies is extremely feasible, because the original Eight Banners system is basically like this. The residents outside the gate are very familiar with this set of things, and there will be no resistance, and for the people, it is just a change of leader. Although the system is similar, the thinking is completely different.

For the upcoming large-scale migration in Kannai, Goxinga should also include them in this system, and all the immigrants will be scattered and distributed to these original villages, according to becoming part of this huge collective. Of course, Guoxinga did not want to send everyone to the countryside to farm, he was divided according to knowledge. Newly arrived immigrants, who can read and write, all go to the city, and after receiving an accelerated education, they can become workers, or even further their education to become better people. Only those who cannot read and write will be assigned to the countryside, and at the same time as farming and handing over people to farm, they will be taught to read and write by the production team leader. It's up to them who they will become in the end and what they will be able to achieve.