Chapter Ninety-Six: The Concept of Privately Casting and Secretly Changing
Only Zhen Qian knew that An Lushan's purpose was not to attack the Khitan, and that the attack on the Khitan was just a cover for An Lushan, training troops and secretly hoarding money and food to prepare for a rebellion.
Zhen Qian still didn't understand why Peng Le's levy came to his door?
"It's still the food in Zhen Dalang's house that is delicious, no wonder the business of the drunken immortal building in the county is booming, it seems that the chefs of a certain restaurant should go home to farm!"
Peng Le was very satisfied with the dishes prepared by Zhen Qian, and after eating three bowls in a row, he stopped his chopsticks and said, "Don't hide it from Zhen Dalang, this time I came to the door to make a fate?" ”
"What do you mean by that?"
"An Shuai sent 10,000 stone of grain to Youzhou for the year of conscription, and at the same time asked the states and counties to donate 100,000 stone of grain, and it was more than 10,000 stone to Luquan County, how could there be any surplus grain in the county, there was no way but to collect ...... from every household in the county."
The two looked at each other, and Peng Le's gaze immediately avoided, obviously this matter was thankless.
"So, the Zhen Mansion is also within the scope of donations?"
"10,000 stone grain is not much, it is said that it is a lot less, it is transported from Luquan County to Youzhou, and the horses will lose food along the way, saying that it is 10,000 stones, but there are no 20,000 stones that cannot be transported to Youzhou, after the Ming Mansion (the name of the county order of the Tang Dynasty) and everyone, it was decided to let the county squire and businessman Jia Na donate, Zhen Dalang will not embarrass me!"
Zhen Qian knew very well in his heart that An Lushan was not preparing to attack the Khitan at all, but was hoarding grain and grass.
In recent years, the grain price of the three towns under the jurisdiction of An Lushan has been rising slowly, taking Luquan County as an example, the grain price of Tianbao for ten years is seven or eight cents per bucket, and the grain price of Tianbao has risen to ten cents per bucket in the eleventh year, and at the end of the year, An Lushan has hoarded grain and grass on the grounds of sending troops.
The price of food has almost doubled from 78 wen to 12 wen per bucket, which is enough to bankrupt some poor families.
Whether it's a blessing or a curse, it can't be avoided, of course Luquan County won't pay out of its own pocket, "I don't know how much Zhen Mansion apportioned?" ”
Peng Le stretched out a finger and looked at Zhen Qian.
"A thousand stone ......," Zhen Qian said helplessly.
"Zhen Dalang is really fast, the Ming Mansion asked Sendai Village to raise a thousand stone of grain, and Zhen Dalang can divide the share of 1,000 stone to each family and ......", Peng Le showed an imperceptible smile at the corner of his mouth, a thousand stone of grain is already a lot, equivalent to about one-fifth of the previous output of Sendai Village, if Zhen Qian is allowed to bear it alone, he will not say whether he is willing or not, at least he will feel distressed for a year.
Zhen Qian's mouth was like falling into a fly, obviously making it difficult for him to do, didn't Peng Le say that Zhen Qian was benevolent and righteous? One bite of timely rain and Meng Weijun, it is almost a new youth who advertises to help others, five good and four beautiful.
Seeing that Zhen Qian was thoughtful, Peng Le said again: "I know that Zhen Dalang's family has a wine shop, I'm afraid I won't be able to take out a thousand stones for a while, but it's okay to use money without food!" ”
Peng Le was really thoughtful for Zhen Qian, Zhen Qian was really reluctant to take out the food in his hand, "It's still Peng Sihu's thoughtfulness, Wang You!" Spend thirteen coins from the book! ”
Soon Wang You walked in with a plate, there were 13 yellow and clear gold coins neatly stacked on the plate, the front and back of the gold coins were engraved with the plain text of the bank, and there were jagged exquisite patterns on the edge to prevent counterfeiting.
"Flying money" is essentially just a kind of exchange business, which itself does not intervene in circulation and does not exercise the function of currency, so it is not a currency in the real sense.
Flying money began in the early years of Tang Xianzong, and there were two forms: one was official, where merchants handed over money to the army, envoys or the "Jinjuanyuan" set up in the capital by the merchants, and took the coupons to the designated places in other regions to withdraw the money; The second is private, where big businessmen have joint accounts or transactions in various provinces or major cities, and they act as agents to make profits. On the one hand, this method of exchange reduced the demand for copper coins and alleviated the shortage of coins, and at the same time, it also alleviated the inconvenience of carrying large quantities of coins when merchants traveled to various places for trading activities.
Zhen Qian's flying money is different from other money bank's flying money, not using paper as a carrier, but directly using gold and silver to forge into money village private money, a silver dollar is equivalent to a thousand Wen, a gold coin can be exchanged for eight silver dollars, the Tang Dynasty gold and silver price is one to eight, can be directly exchanged for copper money in Zhen Qian, deeply liked by businessmen, some people have followed suit, but unfortunately the forging process is not as good as Zhen Qian, but it is easy to be cast.
Some people even collected Zhen Qian's gold and silver flying money as disgusting money.
Tired of winning money is also called winning money, also called betting on winning money, winning money, not circulating currency, a kind of ancient coin used as an auspicious product or evil object in the Han folk, and the ornaments worn by children.
The original meaning of tired money is mainly two categories: suppressing evil and calamity and praying for blessings. Later, the scope of the money referred to became wider and wider, such as opening the furnace, the town treasury, gifts, rewards, blessings, disasters, divination, rewards, plays, accessories, zodiac, etc., all of which cast the money of the tired money. Later, the scope of use became more and more extensive, and according to different uses, it can be roughly divided into commemoration, disgust, faith, Shangliang, offering, gambling, auspicious language, idioms, drama and other categories.
On the surface, it is only used for internal circulation of the bank, but in actual use, it has exceeded the scope of exchange of the bank, which is the means to make real money.
Very few people can really realize the value of gold and silver flying money, due to the different issuance and circulation channels, it is difficult for ordinary people to come into contact with gold and silver flying money, and naturally will not think that it will have an impact on the circulating currency.
No matter how you look at it, gold and silver flying money is not bad money.
Throughout the Tang Dynasty, the phenomenon of private casting and theft was serious, and there were many factors such as historical reasons, economic reasons, and lack of resources.
At the beginning of the establishment of the dynasty, the war had not subsided, and everything was in ruins. After Gaozu succeeded to the throne, "he still used the five baht money of Sui". However, since the end of the Sui Dynasty, the private minting of evil money has flooded the city, and the coins are extremely chaotic, and even "cut iron leaves, cut skin and paste paper for money, and use them together". Therefore, standardizing the minting of currency, strictly prohibiting private coinage, and rebuilding the monetary system that adapted to the social and economic development of the time became one of the important issues that the Tang Dynasty had to solve. In the fourth year of Wude, the Tang Dynasty "abolished the five-baht coin, and opened the Yuan Tongbao money", and "the speaker took the new money as the most compromised, and the distance and the near were very convenient", which reversed the extremely chaotic situation of currency circulation since the end of the Sui Dynasty, and the national coin minting reached unprecedented unity.
However, the period of monetary stability did not last long, and soon "piracy gradually arose, and the money was used indiscriminately". Subsequently, the wind of private casting in the previous dynasties was even higher and higher, which became the most difficult problem in the Tang Dynasty.
If you want to say what is the most profitable in feudal society, in addition to huge greed, there is only a million profitable coins, but those bureaucrats who are high in the sky are unwilling to be in the company of copper smell, and they are even more unwilling to calm down to study the laws of economic operation.
PS: The monetary units of measurement in the Tang Dynasty were Guan, Xuan, Liang, etc., all of which wore money ropes, and Qian Qianwen said that it was consistent or a line. In the early Tang Dynasty, one tael of silver was equal to 1,200 Wen, and the exchange rate in the middle of the Tang Dynasty was about 1,500 to 1,800 Wen.
Casually, the Kaiyuan Tongbao often said in later generations is not the copper coin minted in the Kaiyuan period of Tang Xuanzong, Kaiyuan, is the name of the money minted by the unified currency system of Tang Gaozu, which means the founding of the country, Tang Xuanzong "thought that there was a groundbreaking atmosphere, so he used it".