Xu Shao is in his forties, with a slender figure, a pair of deep and wise eyes on his white and handsome face, he has three locks of long beard, a modest demeanor, an elegant temperament, and a light and elegant immortal aura hidden between his gestures.

Xu Shao, accompanied by today's celebrities He Hao and Kong Rong, slowly approached Kaiyangmen.

Luoyang Taixue and Hongdu Gate School of sacrificial wine (now university president), doctor (now university professor), Zhusheng (now university students), Luoyang Jinggi area heard the news of about 20,000 scholars gathered in Luoyang Nancheng Kaiyang Gate, the road to welcome Mr. Xu Shao to Beijing to give lectures, its momentum is so big, the atmosphere is warm, it is the most huge since the party.

Today's Taixue sacrificial wine is the former dynasty of the great Confucian Ma Rong's clan servant Ma Riyan (read di), and the sacrificial wine of Hongdu Menxue is the two people of Le Song and Jia Hu. The three of them hurriedly stepped forward to greet them, and after everyone exchanged pleasantries, Ma Riyan and Le Song Jia Hu argued about which school Xu Shao would stay in.

The scholars on both sides of the city gate are divided into two factions, Taixue and Hongdumen, everyone stands on one side, and the shouts are deafening, not for anything else, just to invite Mr. Xu to his own school.

Ma Riyan is a contemporary Confucian, Le Song and Jia Hu are also celebrities, and the three of them each gave their own reasons and tried their best to invite Xu Shao.

Xu Shao said with a smile: "The three adults don't have to fight, I study the Book of Changes, of course, I live in Taixue." ”

Several Taixue directors (Taixue management officials) who followed behind Ma Riyan were ecstatic when they heard this, and rushed to report the news, and in an instant, the shouts of Taixue students rose to the sky, and the sound shook the sky. The beings of Hongdumen were suddenly discouraged, and their shouts immediately became quieter.

Le Song hurriedly arched his hand and said: "Mr. Xu, Your Majesty has a message, I hope that Mr. can stay in Hongdumen......"

Xu Shao waved his hand and said slightly apologetically: "I am a cheap civilian, it doesn't matter if Your Majesty doesn't listen to it, I'm sorry." Then he said in a stern tone, "Our Confucian disciples take scripture as the foundation of their lives, and the Great Han Kingdom also takes scripture as the foundation of politics and religion, but when today's son turns a blind eye and openly contradicts it, and uses a group of literary courtiers and haiyu to form the Hongdumen Academy, this is really contrary to the general situation and shakes the foundation of our Great Han Kingdom." Calligraphy and painting, in fact, are small carving insect skills, small talents, learn them, can you govern the country? ”

Le Song and Jia Hu didn't expect that Mr. Xu Shao, who was famous all over the world, had not yet entered Luoyang City, and he would evaluate Hongdumen as useless. The two of them looked at Xu Shao stupidly, stunned.

Xu Shao glanced at the two of them, slightly angry, and continued: "The children of Hongdu Sect do not learn and have no skills, and there are many people who exploit camps to take tricks, which is the root cause of the continuous disasters in my Han Kingdom. ”

He Hao laughed and said: "Come on, immediately pass on Mr. Zijiang's comments on Hongdumen to Luoyang City, quickly, quickly, this is Mr. Zijiang's first comment on coming to Luoyang." ”

Kong Rong gently pushed Le Song, and said with a smile: "The two priests can enter the palace to reply to Your Majesty, and say that Hongdu Gate can be closed, haha......"

"Brother General, please, please ......" Ma Riyan pulled Xu Shao with a smile and said, "Please get into the carriage." ”

Ma Riyan is in his forties, tall, slightly obese, with a thick beard, loyal and humble. Xu Shao met him for the first time, and when he heard this, he politely refused: "I'm not used to riding in a carriage, so let's go back with the children of all living beings." ”

A group of people walked into Kaiyang Gate and walked into Luoyang City, where tens of thousands of Taixue scholars and scholars from all over the country shouted and followed behind, which was very lively. Although the scholars of Hongdumen were in a very depressed mood, they were still excited and cheered when they saw Mr. Xu walking into Luoyang, and went behind. If you are lucky enough to get Mr. Xu's comments, it will be a fish leaping into the dragon gate, worth a hundred times.

Le Song and Jia Hu looked at each other speechlessly, with low self-esteem and helplessness. Jia Hu smiled bitterly: "How do you explain to Your Majesty?" ”

Le Song sighed: "Let's go, go into the palace and ask the emperor for guilt." Since the establishment of our Hongdumen, when has it been seen by the eyes of others? It doesn't matter if we lose face and are scolded and scolded, but how can Your Majesty's face remain? ”

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Taixue is the central government school in ancient China, and it is the highest institution of learning in the ancient Chinese education system.

Taixue was founded by Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty at the earliest, and set up five doctors of "Poetry", "Book", "Rite", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn", and placed 50 doctoral disciples. By the end of the Western Han Dynasty, there were 3,000 disciples of Confucius, and 3,000 members of Taixue. By the time of Wang Mang, the number of students had increased to more than 10,000.

In October of the fifth year of Jianwu (29 AD), Emperor Guangwu built Taixue outside the Yang Gate in the south of Luoyang, and his studies were reopened. Since the Guangwu Emperor, the monarchs of all dynasties have attached great importance to Taixue education, and the reputation of Taixue has become increasingly high, and the Xiongnu have also sent people to Luoyang to study. After Emperor Shun succeeded to the throne, he repaired Taixue, opened up the house, and built 240 rooms and 1,850 rooms. Taixue's lecture hall is ten zhang long and three zhang wide, which is very magnificent. By the time of Emperor Xiaohuan, there were 30,000 students.

Taixue is under the jurisdiction of Taichang. The teacher of Taixue is called a doctor, and the doctor must be selected and then used, which emphasizes the doctor's teacher's demeanor. There are a total of fifteen people in Taixue and Dr. Taixue. The famous Confucian masters of this dynasty often served as doctors of Taixue among them. Most of the Taixue students are the children of official eunuchs, and some are from poor families. Due to the different backgrounds of students, they are not treated differently. Some of the children of the eunuchs can enjoy the state's benefits, while the poor children not only take care of their own clothing and food, but also have to solve the problem of lighting the fat candles by themselves.

The prosperity of Taixue in the Han Dynasty was closely related to the talent selection system at that time. Entering Taixue, taking the examination to pass the scriptures, and becoming an official were the dreams of students in the Han Dynasty. After passing the exam, Taixue students can directly become officials, and those who do not pass can also take the make-up exam. After returning to the local area, the students still have the opportunity to become officials in the central government. At that time, the local government had an opportunity to recommend talents to serve in the central government once a year, and most of the selected people were from Taixue. There are many students who study too much, and there are only a few who can become officials in the end. Some people enter school as teenagers, but when they are gray-haired, they have not yet sought a half-official position, and their lives are miserable. For this reason, the imperial court has granted official positions to students over 60 years old several times, which can be regarded as the emperor's grace.

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Hongdu Gate School, located outside Taixue, under Hongdu Gate, was founded in the first year of Guanghe (178 AD), and was the first literary and artistic college in ancient China.

Cifu is a unique literary genre of the Han Empire, the words and sentences of Cifu are laid out beautifully, and they are catchy to read, and they are intoxicated and resonant. Today, I especially like to do Fu.

Cai Yong, the teacher of the Son of Heaven, told the Son of Heaven that resignation is a small skill, and morality is the foundation; The rhetorical technique of Cifu is the last verse, and the great truth of the Tao is contained in the text. Cai Yong's preaching made the Son of Heaven very disgusted, and he couldn't even understand it. The Son of Heaven admired his talent, but his teachers Yang Ci and Cai Yong did not think so, the Son of Heaven thought that he was despised, and he thought that although the great Confucian scholars in the court were talking about scriptures in their mouths, they looked like they were all sanctimonious, but in fact, they were all hateful and unintelligible. So, a whimsical idea popped up in the mind of the Son of Heaven. He wanted to start a new school to fight against Confucianism.

The Son of Heaven immediately found the servants of Jiu Lesong and Jia Hu, and asked them to gather people who are good at writing dictionaries and art characters such as odd characters, Miao books, birds, fish and insect books, and wait for the Hongdu Gate to be established under the Hongdu Gate. Unlike Taixue, this new school specialized in diction and calligraphy, and became the first academy of literature and art in Chinese history, and today Zi is the president of this academy. The Son of Heaven also specially ordered the scholars of Hongdumen to paint portraits of Confucius and 72 disciples to hang them above the hall, indicating that this school has also learned Confucian skills.

The Son of Heaven devoted himself to writing a 50-chapter "Xihuang Chapter" with the theme of ancient history, and he ordered the Hongdu Academy to use the "Xihuang Chapter" as the teaching material of the college. At this moment, the Son of Heaven really set a precedent for the scholarship of the Great Han Kingdom, and the academic circles of the Great Han Kingdom were in an uproar, and the voice of criticism reached its peak for a time. The Son of Heaven smiled crookedly when he saw that the entire dynasty was mired in academic controversy. Who says I'm not a genius?

Hongdu Menxue's sacrificial wine Le Song and Jia Huben were literary courtiers, born in commoners, and with their fame, they would never be able to summon celebrity-level figures. Hongdumen was only forty or fifty people at the beginning, very depressed, but with the addition of Zhang Zhi and a group of celebrities, Hongdumen suddenly developed unprecedentedly, resignation, calligraphy and painting, music all represent the highest level of the Han Kingdom, and the number of bachelors who came to it soon exceeded 10,000, and there was a vague momentum of fighting with Taixue.

Inevitably, the debate between scholarship and values began.

Speaking of which, we can't fail to talk about Zhang Zhi and cursive writing in the Han Dynasty. In the Western Han Dynasty, cursive writing was mainly out of the hands of the soldiers, it was a typical folk calligraphy, and it developed to the time of Du Cao of the Western Han Dynasty and Cui Ying of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it is said that Cui Ming's "Cursive Writing" came out in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and when Zhao Yi's "Non-Cursive Script" in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the cursive script of the Han Dynasty was already popular in the world. With the emergence of calligraphy innovation, cursive script rose rapidly, forming a fanatical and long-lasting cursive craze throughout the scholarly class. Cursive calligraphers represented by Hongnong Zhang Zhi and his brother Zhang Chang even did not hesitate to abandon their careers and dedicate themselves to the art of cursive. This choice of life value also greatly influenced the students of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who abandoned their careers and devoted themselves to cursive writing, which attracted fierce attacks from Confucian scholars.

Zhao Yi said in "Non-Cursive Script" that calligraphy is a tool for the art and is the foundation of the king's government, and cursive writing "is neither good nor political, but clumsy and not detrimental to governance", so it is not the business of a saint. Zhao Yi's purpose in writing Non-Cursive Script was to reaffirm the dignity of Confucianism, to calm the cursive enthusiasm that pervaded the Eastern Han scholars, and to re-establish their faith in Confucianism. Zhao Yi's orthodox stance on Confucianism made it impossible for him to recognize and understand cursive from the perspective of calligraphy aesthetics. Zhao Yi's conservative concept did not hinder the in-depth development of cursive writing in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, which reflected the aesthetic trend of the times, and the cursive craze not only did not cool down among the scholars, but intensified, reaching its glorious peak during the Xiping and Guanghe periods (172-184 AD).

The scholars' acceptance and opposition to cursive writing led to the division of the scholar class into two distinct camps. This is no longer a simple question of artistic stance, but two different life value choices, two different cultural and artistic concepts, and two diametrically opposed political stances.

The academic controversy had just begun, and the Son of Heaven immediately led the struggle to politics again.

The Son of Heaven found his own value and realized his ideals in the Hongdumen Academy, which was something that Confucian students did not expect. The Son of Heaven has lived in the deep palace for a long time, and the success of establishing Hongdu Gate School made him feel fresh and satisfied. So he rewarded those who helped him heavily and gave them a high status.

In the second year, the Son of Heaven was even more obsessed with running his college, issued an edict to recruit students from all over the country, ordered the central and local bureaucrats to recommend, and made a vow that as long as the students of Hongdu Gate School were successful in their studies, they would all be high-ranking officials and Houlu, and if they went out, they would be assassins and taishou, and if they entered, they would be scholars and servants, and they could even be awarded marquis. The Son of Heaven also asked the portraits of 32 doctors of Hongdu Sect, including Le Song, Jiang Lan, and Zhang Zhi, to praise them, and exhorted students all over the world to take them as examples.

This move of the Son of Heaven seriously undermined the talent selection system of the Han Dynasty, and the ministers wrote letters to persuade them, admonishing the Son of Heaven to give priority to social affairs and Taixue, and to quickly abandon the learning of Hongdumen in order to dispel the slander of the world. But all the books and exhortations, the Son of Heaven did not listen to them, and he was stubborn. The result is obvious, the traitors can not reach out to learn too much, but they easily control the Hongdu Sect Learning, countless unlearned, corrupt people with a plagiarized speech, a ghostwritten calligraphy and painting and into the house, turned into a bureaucrat of the Han Dynasty. Hongdumen has become a cornucopia of traitors for a while, a filthy place to hide filth, and the students of Hongdumen have become the protégés of traitors, and the scholars and gentlemen have all scolded and denounced.

But interests drove countless people to flock to it, and Hongdumen became more and more prosperous.

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Xu Shao's comments made the Son of Heaven furious, he spent countless efforts in Hongdumen, he very much hoped to get the affirmation of Mr. Xu Shao, the "first comment in the world", but Mr. Xu Shao was ruthless, and even the gate of Luoyang City did not enter, so he commented that Hongdumen is a dirty place, the root cause of the chaos in the Han Kingdom, which is no less than giving the Son of Heaven a slap in the head, and his hard work for several years instantly turned into a bubble with Xu Shao's words.

From today on, the former glory of Hongdumen will become a thing of the past, and Hongdumen will also become the laughing stock of the world.

"The world's first comment", no one can shake its influence.

If the Son of Heaven is very angry, he will often run to Yongle Palace to vent his emotions to his mother. Today, he was really angry, hurried to Yongle Palace, shouted in front of his mother, and almost didn't send someone to Taixue to arrest Xu Shao.

The Empress Dowager listened patiently to his scolding, and then asked, "Mr. Xu is the number one judge in the world?" ”

The Son of Heaven nodded and scolded hatefully: "This Xu Xiang, isn't it just his son marrying, why did he invite Xu Shao to Luoyang?" ”

The Empress Dowager laughed, and she said slowly: "Your Majesty, Lord Xu invited him here just to put gold on his face. I think, it's okay if this Mr. Xu Shaoxu is here, what Hongdumen of yours is, it will be scattered if it is scattered, it is not a big deal, it is originally a hole for spending money, and it is better if it is gone. In the past, I remember that someone scolded Hongdumen for being a pheasant school, and Mr. Xu said that it was a filthy place, which was already merciful and polite. ”

The Son of Heaven sneered disdainfully.

"I heard that Zhao Zhong and Zhang Rang persuaded you to transfer part of the Northern Army and bring Xiao Shihou to Jizhou to worship your ancestors, right?" The Queen Mother asked unhurriedly.

"I'm thinking about it."

"What are these lieutenants up to? The emperor is gone, the prince is also gone, and the northern army and the southern army have also followed us to Jizhou, isn't this Luoyang an empty city? Since it is an empty city, what are the lieutenants asking His Majesty to transfer Dong Zhuo's troops to Hedong County? Do they have some conspiracy? ”

The Son of Heaven glanced at the Queen Mother strangely and asked, "This is all what Hou Dong Zhong said to the Queen Mother?" ”

"yes." The Queen Mother said, "Although the general has ill intentions, the lieutenants have always covered the sky with one hand, and the emperor can't help but guard against it." ”

The Son of Heaven was silent.

"Tiaohou is my nephew, although he hates the lieutenants for killing his father and always wants to take revenge, but he is loyal to His Majesty and Xiao Donghou, there is no doubt about it. He pretended to be crazy and stupid outside, mingled with the people of the General's Mansion all day long, and got a lot of news, and the emperor should reward him heavily. If you don't use your own family, how can you let Xiao Donghou inherit the imperial throne in the future? ”

"What does the queen mean?" The Son of Heaven asked.

"He can be a hussar general. The hussar general placed the mansion, and the Tiao Hou could take the opportunity to accumulate strength and prepare for the future succession of the little Dong Marquis. ”

"This matter must not be rushed, and it is necessary to find the right opportunity, so as not to become the enemy of the public." The Son of Heaven said, "Has the queen mother forgotten the death of my uncle?" ”

Empress Dowager Hyohito's expression darkened and she did not speak.

"The queen mother doesn't want to take Xiao Shihou with her?"

"The eldest prince wants to stay in Luoyang." The Queen Mother said slowly, "I don't believe in the Zhongguan, especially Zhao Zhong and Zhang Rang, they persuaded the emperor to do this, there must be another purpose." ”

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The Son of Heaven summoned Zongzheng Liu Yu.

"Aiqing has heard Mr. Xu Shao's comment?"

Liu Yu glanced at the Son of Heaven cautiously and said cautiously: "Luoyang City has spread all over the city. ”

"Look, this is a song sent by a dozen doctors from Hongdumen, and they are leaving." The Son of Heaven pointed to the pile of books on the desk and said, "I have been talking for several years, but it is not as good as Mr. Xu's words......" He shook his head again and again, with a helpless expression.

"Is what he said really that true?"

Liu Yu thought for a moment and said, "Mr. Xu just told the truth. ”

The Son of Heaven glanced at him, and walked back and forth in the study twice with his hands in his hands, his face cloudy and uncertain, looking very hesitant.

"Aiqing, you say, if I invite him into the palace and ask him to comment on my two princes, will he agree?"

"Never." Liu Yu was shocked and blurted out.

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