Text Volume 2 Dawn Morning_Chapter 411 The Troubles of the Mongols
On the third day after King Shunyi and other Mongol leaders faced the saints, Zhu Youzhen finally got a response from these Mongol leaders. Under the persuasion of Sarang Chechen, King Shunyi finally accepted the post of head of the Ethnic and Religious Committee.
This newly established Ethnic and Religious Council, which came directly under the cabinet, had more status and power than the empty title of King Shunyi given by the previous imperial court, much to the delight of King Shunyi and several Mongolian leaders who had been selected and appointed.
With the establishment of this committee, the Ethnic Minority Management Committee, which had been established in the southwest region, was automatically incorporated. Several Tusi from Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan, who fought well in the Southwest Counterinsurgency War, were also transferred to the capital.
The monks and Taoist priests who belonged to the Ministry of Rites were also transferred to the name of the committee, and these officials who were originally subordinate to the Ministry of Rites were still quite resistant to the change of their positions, but they soon lost their complaints.
In the Ministry of Rites, it is generally used as a place for idlers and unpopular thorns. The officials of the Monk and Taoist Department have never had a sense of existence, and even the office is in the official office of the Ministry of Rites, which is also the most dilapidated and cramped room.
But after changing the courtyard, these officials moved into a ten-acre mansion in the Ten Princes' Mansion, whether it was a renovated building or an elegant garden, it was much more spacious than their previous office space.
Moreover, the salaries of these officials, who had always been poor, tripled immediately after they were transferred. These material conditions suddenly made some officials discourage their plans to apply for transfer or retirement, and wanted to wait and see for a while.
Although the directors and chairmen of the Ethnic and Religious Affairs Committees belong to the leaders, leaders, or religious leaders of ethnic minorities, the personnel who really handle ethnic and religious affairs are the affairs officials with these officials as the backbone.
So in the future, a strange phenomenon arose in the Commission, in which the real head of the department was the head of the Commission, but all the power was in the hands of the officials of the Secretary-General of the Commission. While the Director of the Commission did not lack the authority to sign, it was the Secretary-General of the Commission who decided what documents he had the authority to sign.
The successive chairpersons of the Committee, although they had expressed their dissatisfaction with such a strong post of Secretary-General, had to rely on them in dealing with specific matters. After all, most of the directors are only familiar with the affairs of their own nationality and religion, and at most they know some Han cultures, and they are very unfamiliar with the affairs of other ethnic groups and religions.
Without these near-omniscient auxiliaries, the Commission would not be able to function in the first place. As for the first director of the committee, Shunyi Wang, he didn't have this trouble, but he didn't think about really interfering in the operation of the committee.
King Shunyi relied on the Ming talents to maintain his position, and although the leaders of the various tribes were as usual in front of him, the king of Shunyi could feel the contempt that those tribal leaders had inadvertently shown to him.
After entering the Central Plains, the Mongol tribes accepted part of the Han culture, thus getting rid of many barbaric habits. However, after being driven out of the Central Plains by the Han Chinese, the Mongol tribes, which regained their nomadic life, soon revived some of the traditions of the steppe peoples in order to cope with the harsh living environment.
For example, there is only intra-tribal unity, and in wartime other tribes are treated as if they were other peoples, there is no difference. Accustomed to giving in to the strong, yet despising the weak, and so on.
Altan Khan was able to become the leader of the right-wing Mongol tribes not only because he won a mutual market for the right-wing Mongol tribes, but also because he was a powerful tribal leader. The title of King Shunyi was not so much a reward from the Ming Dynasty as it was something he took from the Ming Dynasty.
Bu Shitu, the king of Shunyi, not only couldn't even keep his residence and subordinates, but also relied on the Ming people to resist Lin Dan Khan's attack and claim back his wife and son, which greatly disappointed the leaders of a Mongolian right-wing tribe.
If it weren't for the fact that Lin Dan Khan wanted not only the title of King of Shunyi, but also all the tribes including their tribes, these Mongol leaders would have taken refuge with him about early in the morning.
Forced by the tyranny of Lin Dan Khan, the right-wing Mongol tribes had to unite around the Shunyi king against the Chahar tribes, but by the time the war was over, it was clear that the chiefs of the tribes no longer regarded Bu Shitu as their leader.
According to the tradition of the steppes, at this time, a more powerful tribal leader should take over as king of Shunyi to protect the security of the right-wing Mongol tribes, and they will also show him their loyalty.
And the king of Shunyi, Bu Shitu, would soon die in an accident, perhaps from a fall from his horse, or an illness. The Mongol tribal leaders were no stranger to murder in this change of power than the Han Chinese.
Bu Shitu was also well aware of this tradition, so he accepted the Ming court's adaptation of the alliance and banner of the right-wing Mongolian tribes in the face of the opposition of the majority of the leaders, and set up an Inner Mongolia autonomous region outside the Guan.
This change in the administrative structure greatly weakened the control of the chiefs of each ministry over their own subordinates, and allowed the power of the Ming court to reappear on the grassland. But for Bu Shitu, who wants to ensure his life and status, as well as the poor herdsmen in various departments, it is the best choice at present.
Even the small chiefs of a large part of the Mongolian tribes are happy to accept this kind of fixed grazing that divides the pastures and determines the property rights. In the past, although everyone recognized the grasslands as terra nullius, everyone could graze their herds. However, in practice, the grasslands with the most abundant aquatic plants must belong to several large tribes.
And once the larger tribe takes a fancy to the pasture of a small tribe, the small tribe can only obediently give in, and dare not argue a little, after all, there is no law on the prairie. This is also the reason why the large tribes will flourish more and more, while the small tribes will slowly die out and finally disappear.
Bu Shitu also knew very well in his heart that Lin Dan Khan took away his naturalization, which not only dealt a major blow to his reputation, but more importantly, took away the rich Tumut River. From then on, his tribe would no longer have a fertile land to graze and settle, but would have to be reduced to endless disputes with the smaller tribes for pasture.
The Tumut aristocracy, who had become accustomed to a comfortable and settled life, used to rely on recruited Han Chinese to cultivate and collect taxes to make a good living. Obviously, it is no longer possible to get used to the life of picking up a horsewhip and grazing cattle on the steppe. The discontent of these nobles will completely bury his power and position in the future.
In this situation, it became imperative to find a way out for the Tumut tribe and for himself. Whether it is the establishment of a livestock company or the acceptance of an official position in the imperial court, Bu Shitu increases his survival capital, so that the imperial court attaches more importance to him, supports him more, and does not let himself fall into the most tragic ending.
With the leadership of King Shunyi, whether it was to accept the official position appointed by the imperial court, or to cooperate with the Sihai Commercial Bank to establish a livestock company, they all began to be formalized. And with the existence of this animal husbandry company, it is natural for the banners to borrow money from the central bank.
These Mongol chiefs apparently didn't care how high the 12% annual interest rate was, they only cared about how much money would fall into their own hands. After the central bank weighed and assessed the risk, it lent a total of 800,000 yuan.
Although many Mongolian chieftains did not like the red tickets given by the bank, when these red tickets were able to buy the goods they needed from the Four Seas Merchant Bank, they did not care whether the bank gave them a loan of paper money or silver taels.
By the time these Mongol chiefs returned to the steppe after the beginning of spring, at least half of their loans had been spent in the capital, and a tenth of them were spent on their own personal consumption. Apparently these Mongol chiefs had not yet learned the habit of separating their personal property from their tribal property.
The businessmen who run the Inner Mongolia livestock company are worried, but the officials in charge of ethnic affairs are happy to see the phenomenon. Now these tribal leaders thought that the loan was for nothing, but once the livestock company was put into operation, when the herdsmen were included in the economic circle of the Ming Dynasty, their behavior became embezzlement, which was obviously a very useful trick.
And for the gladly acceptance of most of the leaders of the right-wing Mongolian tribes, the Chahar envoy Guiyingcha, who came on behalf of Lin Dan Khan, fell into a headache. Although the Chahar Department lost a small game, it did not damage the foundation of the Chahar Department.
What was really important was that after moving from the Liaohetao to the Hetao Plain, Lin Dan Khan needed a lot of supplies to appease the vassal tribes who had been forcibly relocated, as well as the conquered tribes.
Without the support of these tribes for the Chahars, it would have been impossible for the Chahars to take root in the Hetao Plain. It's like when a big tree is transplanted, it has to be infused with a lot of fertilizer and nutrients so that the migrated tree can bind to the soil and not dry up due to the incompatibility of water and soil.
However, the Chahar Ministry did not have the gold and silver needed by the merchants of the Ming Kingdom, and if livestock were used as a means of payment, such a large number of livestock could not be eaten by a few smugglers except for the official opening of the market. Moreover, the smugglers were unable to meet the huge quantities of supplies needed by the Chahar Ministry.
However, although the Ming court agreed to open the market, it was unwilling to increase the market reward, which made Guiying a little embarrassed. What made him even more uncomfortable was that the Ming Kingdom asked the Chahar Ministry to accept paper money for trading, and in the future, even the market rewards would be settled in paper money.
Although the Ming officials assured that these banknotes could buy the materials they needed, Gui Yingcha was very worried, once Chahar and the Ming State became bad, wouldn't these banknotes become waste paper? After all, silver taels can be circulated anywhere, but paper money can only be traded with the Ming Kingdom.
In addition, although the Ming people refused to increase the amount of the city reward, they were willing to give Lin Dan Khan a loan of 350,000 yuan, on the condition that the cultivated land near the original naturalized city be leased to the Ming people's agricultural reclamation companies, and asked Lin Dan Khan to guarantee the safety of these agricultural reclamation companies.
Guiying did not want to agree to these conditions of the Ming people in his heart, but an official of the Ming State sent him a contract, stipulating that the Four Seas Commercial Bank would buy 100,000 cattle and sheep from him every year, and the price would be one percent higher than the market price. The price of this percent is obviously a bribe for him, and Gui Yingcha is also annoyed by this.