Chapter 934: A Humble Village
Now, the governor and chief military officer of Denglai Town no longer have the right to meddle in the affairs of Dongjiang Town.
However, Denglai Town is still the rear of Dongjiang Town, Lushun Town Shoufu and Yingzhou Town Shoufu.
All the people and horses who went to the above three places, whether it was money and grain allocated by the imperial court or immigrants from Shandong and Huaibei, had to pass through the sailors of Denglai Town, or the civilian ships issued by the governor of Denglai to go to sea.
At the end of August, the "Reclamation Order" promulgated by the imperial court, by November, had already spread along the post road of east, west, north and south, and spread throughout the two capitals and thirteen provinces in the interior of the Ming Dynasty.
Beginning in September, tenant farmers and victims in the state capitals under the administration of the Shandong Provincial Envoy began to respond to the call of the imperial court to flee the famine and emigrate to the north.
By the end of November, Emperor Chongzhen's secret decree had already exceeded the quota for the resettlement task assigned to the Shandong Provincial Envoys, that is, the number of immigrants totaling 50,000 men, women, and children.
Under the joint efforts of Yu Dacheng, the governor of Shandong, and Sun Guozhen, the governor of Denglai, in addition to the more than 10,000 people who helped the elderly and the young, who went north to Rehe Tunken through Beizhili from Xifengkou, the remaining 30,000 or so people crossed the sea through Dengzhou Port and went north.
A small half of them, more than 10,000 people, were accepted and resettled by the Lushun Town Guard, and the other half, more than 20,000 people, were received and resettled by the Wulu General Military Office of Dongjiang Town, especially the newly established Tumen Town Guard.
Different from the thoughts of these governors and prefecture and county officials in the interior who were worried about the chaos of the disaster victims, whether it was Li Xin, Mao Wenlong, Marquis of Anton, or Liu Xingzuo, the Bo of Pyongyang, including Shang Kexi, the envoy of the Tumen town, they all regarded the Han people from the interior who had emigrated from Denglai in Shandong as a fortune.
Regardless of whether these people were able to survive the following winter safely and smoothly after arriving in the northern part of the Liaodong Peninsula and the Korean Peninsula, they simply opened their arms and accepted immigrants from the interior without refusal.
For these people, only with these immigrants can they build military cantonments and civilian cantonments that produce food for the garrison on the spot, recruit a large number of people who cut down trees and renovate cities, and also have a steady stream of soldiers who can replenish the war damage.
Only these generals, who have been given the title of the world, can also recruit tenants who cultivate the land.
The same thing happened in Hezhong, Naturalization, Jining, Rehe, and other places that were ordered to receive immigrants.
These displaced people, who were always regarded as a burden and a hidden danger under the rule of the inland state capital, are now a real wealth in the newly established government places in Hetao, Saibei, and Guanwai.
At the end of November, Emperor Chongzhen received reports from Sun Chuanting, the governor of Hezhong, Yang He, the governor of Xuanda, and Ma Shiying, the governor of Rehe, in the Forbidden City.
Three months after the imperial court's reclamation decree was issued, the population of the outer frontiers was increasing.
Sun Chuanting, the governor of Hezhong, received and resettled a total of 54,781 Han people from Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Henan in Dongsheng (later Ordos City), Jiuyuan (later Baotou City), Shuofang (later Bayannur City) and other places in Hezhong, with a total of 218,766 men, women, and children.
Among them, the largest proportion of Han people is the Han people in Hexi, Gansu Province, who have lost their homes.
Because of Mei Zhihuan's previous proposal, and because of Li Banghua and Yuan Chonghuan's decision-making, these people completely let go of the various passes along the Northwest Great Wall controlled by the officials and soldiers, so that they escaped from Hexi and escaped from Shengtian.
Now, these people naturally regained the land under the control of the Shuofang Town Shoufu and the Jiuyuan Town Shoufu, reorganized the households, and brought them under the rule of the Hezhong Governor, and reclaimed a large amount of farmland on the Houtao Plain, which was the most fertile for drought and flood protection.
At the same time, Yang He, the governor of Xuanda, began to be ordered to clean up the Xuanda area that had been ravaged and destroyed into almost a blank land after the end of the battle against Jianguo in the Xuanda area.
The area within the Xuanda Pass, that is, the original jurisdiction of Datong Mansion and Xuanfu is a little better, although the people have suffered heavy casualties, and there is not one in ten household registrations, but there are at least houses in villages and towns, and there are patches of farmland that are crisscrossing and horizontal.
According to the emperor's instructions, the Xuanda Governor's Mansion gave priority to the distribution of those good farmlands through sales and auctions, and obtained a sum of money for the resettlement of other displaced people out of the customs and reclamation free of charge.
The penniless hungry and homeless were given land in exchange for the land of Xuanda according to the agreement they had made with the Governor's Palace, or by providing regular labor; Or sign a contract to accept the land of Xuanda free of charge at a higher ground rent.
In this way, the Xuanda Governor's Mansion operated in the Xuanda area for nearly a year, which made the imperial court reduce a great burden on the issue of rebuilding the Xuanda land.
A large number of merchants from the south bought land in Xuanda, and then spontaneously recruited displaced people from the Jianghuai region to set up a merchant camp here, so as to produce the grain needed by the border military governor's office nearby, in exchange for the salt supply that is now jointly controlled by the border military governor's office, the household department, and the internal affairs government.
With the eradication of the Jin merchant group, the merchant forces that previously controlled the trade in the Xuanda border area were basically wiped out.
However, this does not mean that the imperial court's law of opening the middle will be abolished because of this, or it will not be abolished.
Because under the rule of the Ming Dynasty, there will always be some merchants who are willing to transport grain to the border areas in order to obtain profits from salt trading.
However, there are also many shrewd businessmen in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, in order to avoid the loss of long-distance transportation of grain, simply buy a large amount of land near the border land, recruit displaced people to cultivate, and directly exchange the grain produced for salt.
This form of recruitment and reclamation activities is called Shangtun.
Nowadays, in many places in the border area of Xuanda, many such commercial tuns have been built.
After Yang He became the governor of Xuanda, the decree to encourage Shangtun in the Xuanda area was implemented, although some new land annexation situations were caused in the Xuanda area, and some wealthy businessmen from Jiangsu and Zhejiang often purchased as much as 35,000 acres of land, so that there were different opinions in the court, but Emperor Chongzhen did not order it to stop.
On the one hand, this is what he promised in the imperial court's investment invitation.
On the other hand, it may be a little more efficient to make full use of these merchants, most of whom were from southern Zhili, to recruit and resettle displaced people from Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, and even Jianghuai.
Most importantly, large-scale farming in the form of a merchant will in many ways have advantages over small-scale farming by a single household.
In particular, in the construction and improvement of water conservancy facilities, it has an advantage over traditional small-scale farming in the selection and cultivation of improved varieties.
At the very least, it didn't cost the court a penny to do so, and the Xuanda Governor's Mansion made a lot of money from the sale of land to these wealthy merchants.
If this were not the case, the imperial court's original plan to resettle a large number of immigrants outside the Xuanda border would not have been carried out at all.
Even if it is reluctantly implemented, the effect will never be what it is today.
Now in the naturalized city outside the border of Datong, less than a year has passed, the remnants of the previous war have disappeared, immigrants from Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and other places, as early as April and May, have begun to go out of the customs one after another from the mouth of the killing, to the naturalization outside the city to seek a share of the land.
In August and September, after the imperial court's reclamation order was officially spread all over the world, the political envoys of Shanxi and Henan were all tasked with immigrating to the area around the naturalized city.
As a result, under the instigation and relief of the local government, there were more tenant victims in Shanxi and Henan who had lost their crops due to the dry weather, and they had to leave their hometowns, help the old and the young, move their families north, and find a way to survive.
Thus, by the end of November, the number of immigrants resettled inside and outside the naturalized city alone had reached 26,681 households, with a total of 78,469 men, women, and children.
On both sides of the Hatun River outside the Naturalization City, as well as on the Tumo River where the Naturalization City is located, in just one year, one after another cultivated land and villages have emerged.
The grassland fires and thick smoke formed by the immigrants burned and reclaimed the land made the area around Guihua City shrouded in a thick and choking smoke after the autumn.
Nowadays, south of Guihua City, on both sides of the official road leading to the mouth of the tiger, you can see one simple village after another every dozen miles.
Villages are generally not large, or dozens of households, or hundreds of or ten households.
And they are all stumps and shanty towns, surrounded by rudimentary fence walls, or only half-cut rudimentary earthen enclosures.
The beautiful and quiet grassland scenery of this area in the past has begun to disappear, and it is replaced by simple villages like the hinterland.