Li Jing, who was adding wine, said: "Yes, once the money hidden by the people is spent in a short time, the things on the market must not be expensive." Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info Moreover, Du Cao counts real estate and fields into households, etc., and cannot buy a house, so what other goods can be spent in a short time? I see, most rich people have money and have nowhere to spend it. And cattle, horses, donkeys, and mules will not be counted as households from next year, and I don't know how many people in the countryside will have to raise these livestock in the future.

Xu Ping drank the wine in the cup in one gulp and said with a smile: "What you said makes sense, indeed, if you force the people's money out, you should arrange a place for them to go." This is the same as breaking the embankment and releasing water, suddenly picking up the embankment will inevitably lead to flooding and devastation. If you dig a channel in advance and divert water to the dam, you will be free to worry. ”

Zhao Yan said: "Yun Xing has already thought about where to go for the money? If this is the case, it will be okay to get the cash into the house. ”

"People can't do without money in their hands, and if they don't let people use it, money won't be money. But it is also in moderation, with enough daily use, it will become a bottomless pit without restrictions, and no amount of money will be minted in the future. So, what I think about this matter, you can refer to it. First, according to the household level, there can be an amount of cash as a daily floating wealth, which is not included in the household level. Moreover, in order to prevent the sudden circulation of money and the soaring price of goods, it is necessary to arrange two places for them. One is a government-run money bank, where cash money is deposited and vouchers are issued, referring to the story of Xichuan Jiaoziwu. These money are not included in the household, of course, this is for the convenience of the household, and various fees are no longer charged. I heard that Jiaozi is 1,000 yuan and 20 wen, which is similar to the real money collected by the goods and other places, and we will not accept this money. But when the money went into the bank, it was only changed from hiding in the people to hiding in the government, and it was useless if it was not spent. ”

Li Shen said: "Not only is it useless, but it is also necessary to take care of copper coins and prevent theft and rust of money, and it is even more necessary to carry cash between states and counties." In the past, this was also the intention of collecting 20 yuan, but now if you don't collect this 20 yuan, do you have to ask the government to subsidize the money bank? To be honest, it's a bit difficult. ”

Xu Ping naturally knows that it is difficult to get the government to subsidize Qianzhuang, in fact, except for some public welfare undertakings that have to be done, such as education, roads, canals, etc., it is not easy to let the government subsidize any business. If you want to survive, you must have your own profit channels, in the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, mainly rely on handling fees, transportation costs and such as scraping silver these small tricks, Xu Ping has blocked this road, then we must come up with new means of profit.

Looking at a few people, Xu Ping smiled slightly: "With a large amount of cash in hand, how can there be a reason not to earn interest and profit?" ”

Hearing this, Wang Yaochen's heart jumped, and he said to Xu Ping: "Yunxing is saying, let Qianzhuang lend money to make profits?" This is a government loan, I said in front, this is a bottomless sinkhole, either lose everything, or make the people's livelihood miserable! ”

Li Shen said: "Isn't this similar to the Seedling Loan? A few months ago, Du Cao just said that the Qingmiao loan has endless troubles and is not suitable for it to continue, why now-"

Xu Ping motioned to Li Jing to fill everyone's cups with wine, led them to drink a glass, and then said: "Earning interest and taking interest may not be official lending, especially not lending to the people, otherwise it will cause great trouble, I understand." ”

"Where does the interest come from if you don't lend? If you don't lend to the private sector, then to whom? Besides, the original intention of setting up a money bank was not to prevent cash from flowing into the market, and if a loan was granted, it would not flow out again. ”

Xu Ping said: "Therefore, there must be a place where you can not only borrow money from the bank, but also prevent money from flowing into the people." That's how I plan to do this, to interfere with the affairs of the official camps, and let the people also set up field affairs. In order to avoid confusion with the existing small workshop, it can be called a company, which can be funded by one person, or it can be held by several people, and the assets are not in the household, etc., what do you think? ”

Wang Yaochen asked, "Why is it called a company?" ”

Zi said: The public, the wealth of several people, the secretary, the meaning of operation. It is called a corporation to mean that it is set up specifically for the purpose of making money for profit. This money is both private and not private, and the government collects taxes from it, and private individuals take interest from it according to shares. In addition, unless the company goes bankrupt, the money in it is not allowed to be withdrawn casually. (See note here)

Wang Yaochen, Li Ji and the others glanced at each other, and they all shook their heads together, still not understanding what this company meant.

The emergence of independent economic legal persons, such as companies and enterprises, is to adapt to the commodity economy in order to make capital the dominant force in the chain of production, exchange, consumption, and expanded reproduction of the commodity economy.

In the natural economic conditions, the company has no meaning, it is nothing more than a handicraft workshop for another situation.

However, under the conditions of the commodity economy, it is completely different, and only when capital is independent from money or capital in the ordinary sense and becomes a link in the commodity economy can it complete the tasks assigned to it by the commodity economy. The company adapts to this role, making capital the master of society. Once the capital enters the company and becomes the capital under the conditions of the commodity economy, it is no longer the money of the specific person, but only the cornerstone of the start-up of the commodity economic chain. In this sense, the capital of the company has a social significance, not just the property of any person, and it is not allowed to be casually detached from the chain of commodity economy. Once capital is withdrawn from the chain of commodity economy on a large scale, leaves the company, and begins to buy houses, land, luxury goods, and all kinds of capital accumulation, there is no doubt that there will be a big problem in the social economy.

Once the funds in hand are invested in the company and become the capital of industry and commerce, the nature of funds will be fundamentally changed. To put it simply, these capitals are both your money and the money of society, having a dual nature. This dual nature makes it impossible for capital to be used at the wit of an individual, even if the company is owned by you alone. The part of money that you can use at your disposal can only be the part of the profits generated by capital, which must operate according to the laws of the commodity economy. Rights and obligations have always complemented each other, and only by fulfilling the social responsibility of capital can we obtain rich returns from the commodity economy.

It is the meaning of the company to make the capital in the hands of private individuals become capital under the conditions of commodity economy, so that it has a social character and is no longer controlled by private individuals at will. The more the official emphasis on the social nature of capital and the insistence on limiting the personal power of the owners of capital, the more capitalism is tilted towards the state, and the extreme nature is that capital is owned by the government. And the more emphasis is placed on the power of the individual owners of capital, and the more emphasis is placed on guaranteeing this power, the officials become the puppets of the owners of capital.

But no matter which direction it is tilted in, society is always controlled by capital, and capital, not capitalists, is the master of the world.

The duality of capital is very different from that of wealth under the previous natural economic conditions, and after this transformation, society has undergone a radical change. The wheels of the commodity economy will roll forward, crushing all obstacles. This is the inevitability of capitalism replacing feudal society, where capital dominates everything and has nothing to do with making some people capitalists.

(Note: This explanation was copied from Baidu Encyclopedia, but the source of Confucius's words cannot be found, and it is highly suspected that it is a forgery of later generations.) For the sake of convenience, such a sentence is taken in the book, which does not mean that it agrees, and the reader knows it. ）