"Co-op?" Li Shen was confused, "Dare to ask what is this cooperative?" ”

"This-let's put it this way, for example, the kiln left by Tong Qilang, except for one Tong Qilang, in fact, the people who burned porcelain are still there. If these potters work as before www.biquge.info porcelain can still be fired, sold and collected. Li Tongju, isn't it? ”

Li Shen nodded: "It's good to be made, but what kind of porcelain to burn, how much to burn, how to price, how to collect money, how to pay wages, there has to be a supervisor who has the final say." If there is no such person, let alone the potter himself, even if something happens, the government doesn't know who to look for, wouldn't it become a headless public case? ”

"Yes, so there should be a place like the cooperative to take care of these things."

Xu Ping understood that what Li Shen was most concerned about was not how to organize, produce, and distribute profits in the kiln, but who he was most concerned about who could be responsible for dealing with the government. To collect taxes, you must find someone to collect them, if you do not pay taxes, you must have specific people put them in prison, and all kinds of enslavements must be able to be apportioned normally. As for the rest, where will the government that idleness.

This idea was not a whim of Xu Ping, it was the result of his long-term thinking. If we want to implement an economic model based on big farms and big commerce, how should small farmers and small craftsmen face the impact in this situation? The answer given by history is mutual aid cooperatives, and when Li Shen asked today, Xu Ping suddenly came up with this idea.

Having worked in rural areas for a long time, Xu Ping has dealt with many rural cooperatives, and correspondingly has a relatively in-depth understanding of the history of cooperatives.

Cooperatives are economic organizations that naturally organize mutual assistance and cooperation with small producers and small farmers in order to cope with the impact of commercial capital with the development of the capitalist commodity economy. It is for this reason that the first cooperatives arose in England in the middle of the nineteenth century, where capitalist relations of production were in full development. It is precisely because of its effectiveness and universality that it developed rapidly in the capitalist countries soon after its appearance.

In Xu Ping's previous life, small producers and family farms in developed countries still relied on cooperatives to participate in economic activities, while in China they are just getting started.

Of course, China's cooperatives have had a different history, starting as consumer cooperatives in the UK, dealing with the impact of the commodity economy. However, due to specific national conditions, it has not developed rapidly. However, after liberation, it developed too fast, and in fact it became a transition to the realization of a public-owned economy, and the development process was not continuous.

The advent of the commodity economy will inevitably have a huge impact on the scattered small producers, and even ordinary laborers, and the most successful means of coping with this shock in history is the cooperative organization. It can even be said that as long as Xu Ping pushes the commodity economy in this era, the lower classes of people will inevitably develop cooperative-like organizations to deal with it. Economic realities inevitably give rise to such economic organizations, which are not subject to human will.

Rather than allowing this kind of economic organization to arise spontaneously in a haphazard form, it is better to guide it in advance.

It was based on this understanding that Xu Ping took the initiative to raise this issue in front of Li Shen.

Where could Li Shen think of this, he felt confused. The tide of the commodity economy is something that has never appeared before, and Xu Ping has only just begun to promote it, and Li Shen is a genius and can't think of it.

Xu Ping sorted out his thoughts and said to Li Shen: "All in all, the most important thing about this cooperative is eight words. ”

"Please wait for the system to be clear, what are the eight words?"

"The government supervises the private offices, and the people are the mainstay. Don't stretch the government's hand too long, and don't care about what you shouldn't do. ”

Speaking of this, Xu Ping stood up, paced a few steps under the ginkgo tree, turned to Li Shen and said, "As for the specific regulations, you allow me to think about it carefully at night, and I'll talk to you tomorrow." I'll tell you some general questions, and you should go back and think about how to do things better. ”

"First, this cooperative is a whole, you can treat it as a guarantee and a team in the township, but there is no chief of the family, and everyone in the community is the same. Second, the kiln was handed over to the management of this society, and the potters who did not join the society were the same as before, doing their work and getting paid, and not caring about the rest. Third, those who want to join the society voluntarily can withdraw freely if they do not want to be in the society, and no one in the official or private sector can stop them. Fourth, the person who joins the company has to pay the capital, regardless of how much, just look at how much capital is needed in the kiln to move. All members of the company pay the same amount of money, and there must be no distinction between large and small. ”

Li Shen looked solemn, and tried his best to write down what Xu Ping said and analyze the specific meaning in it.

"Well, that's it for today. Two days after tomorrow, the deputy envoy of the herd group, Li Tingshi, will come, and I will not go to the Yellow River, if you have any ideas, you can come and talk to me. With the efforts of the past few days, we have dealt with the aftermath of Heyin County together. I haven't been in this county for many days, and I have arrested two big households, which affects the livelihood of the people in the county, so it is always difficult to pat my ass and leave. After arranging the aftermath, it can be regarded as an explanation. ”

Li Shen stood up and saluted: "Waiting for the system is concerned about the people's livelihood, and all kinds of hard work is really a blessing for the common people." The next official retires! ”

"Ah, okay, it's okay-" Xu Ping watched Li Shen leave, and replied casually a little confused. After so many years in this world, if you think about it, it seems that no official official has praised himself like this. Not to mention, it's nice to be complimented on people.

The night was deep, Xu Ping sat in front of the window, read the letter written by Zhao Yan, and put it down gently.

In addition to the usual greetings, Zhao Yan also talked about the use of small iron money in Ruzhou. After almost half a year, the people have recognized this new convenient coin, and even the barter trade in the grass markets in the mountains and countryside has become less and less, and more people have begun to buy goods with money. As a result, even the tax revenue in Ruzhou has increased somewhat.

In addition, new goods produced by the three divisions began to enter Ruzhou, especially some daily consumer goods, such as mirror soap enamel products, which were already sold in several stores in the state city. Even Zhao Yan proposed that when the third division's shop in Luoyang, Xijing, stabilized, would it be necessary to open a branch in Ruzhou.

Xu Ping looked out the window, the moon had already risen, and it was obviously fuller than when he first arrived. Unconsciously, it has been almost ten days since I arrived in this small county of Heyin, and it is the day of the full moon.

Now, after all, it is still a small fight, and the real tide of commodity economy will have to wait until cotton cloth is produced in large quantities. It will then be when commodities will have a major impact on the smallholder economy. Even if the land still produces food, once there is no cash source for textile income, and the goods of the outside world need money to buy, the life of the small people will be really difficult. Grain, after all, is not a qualified commodity for large-scale circulation.

Xu Ping has always been a little worried that one day the commodity economy will collapse the countryside like a flood, which will inevitably cause major social unrest. The cooperatives, on the other hand, are barely making life jackets for small producers and small farmers in this flood. The tide of commerce is bound to come, which it has brought to the world, and if it introduces floods, it has to find a way to build a dam. (To be continued.) )