Wang Gongchen nodded, feeling that Xu Ping was reasonable, but he always felt that something was wrong in his heart, and he couldn't say it. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

The two of them stepped forward to look at the printed bill. Most of them are to be sent to the money bank to use, and the same paper used as Xichuan's Jiaozi is printed in a unified format, and the amount can be filled up. There is also a part of the stamps, which are now a very important income of the local government, which are uniformly issued by the transit envoys and shared with the prefectures and counties.

More of them are not in use, but samples made according to Xu Ping's requirements. These have a uniform style, exquisite patterns, and a solid amount, which is completely different from the others.

Wang Gongchen looked at it again and again, and finally couldn't help but ask Xu Ping: "Du Cao, is this going to be Yinjiaozi?" ”

Xu Ping smiled: "You have to be prepared, this year, Henan Mansion has received too many tickets from the Outer Route State Army, and the Seven and Eighty-Three Divisions of Ten cannot be redeemed on time." Henan Mansion can't redeem the ticket, not only can't you collect the debts they owe, but I can't collect the same as the transfer envoy. After a year of hard work, the goods have been sold, and the business can continue without receiving money? In order not to make Jingxi Road chaotic, I had to deal with it first. -- Of course, it's just preparation for now, and it's not necessary to talk about the future. ”

Hearing this, Wang Gongchen's face became bitter, and he didn't speak, just looked around.

Yizhou Jiaozi, at the beginning, also had no denomination, and was filled in manually when it was issued, which is similar to the current practice of Jingxi Road Money Bank, and the nature of the beginning is equivalent to the deposit receipt. The difference is that the money stamps issued by the money bank cannot be used directly, and the transfer or trade must be delivered to the bank, while the money can be used casually, and it already has the nature of paper money.

Yizhou Jiaozi was later presided over and cashed by sixteen wealthy businessmen, and belonged to the stage of private ownership. The issuance of currency is a very profitable business, and the sixteen wealthy merchants often issue money indiscriminately, and there are constantly bankruptcies or other reasons that cannot be cashed, causing chaos, and Jiaozi is banned by the government. But the ban can't solve the problem, Jiaozi itself came into being because of social needs, and the social needs of Jiaozi are still there, causing inconvenience to people's livelihood. In the first year of Tiansheng, the ruling Empress Dowager Liu decided to set up a Jiaozi affair in Yizhou, which was issued by the government instead. When it comes to the boundary, the old Jiaozi should be exchanged for the new Jiaozi, and the old Jiaozi should be withdrawn from circulation.

According to the previous experience of private Jiaozi, each time a new Jiaozi is issued, about 30% of the cash must be prepared as the principal for exchange at any time. Due to the effective control of Yizhou Jiaozi, since the issuance of Jiaozi, there has been no depreciation of Jiaozi due to indiscriminate issuance, and there has been no such thing as the previous thing that cannot be exchanged for money with Jiaozi, which can be regarded as a successful experience.

In fact, if it weren't for Xu Ping's insistence that Qianzhuang's money tickets could not be circulated, others would have regarded Qianzhuang as a subordinate of Jingxi Road. Since the establishment of the bank, most people still think that one day the bank will become a child, but sooner or later.

Xu Ping never thought about it this way, he didn't want to copy a Jiaozi on Jingxi Road.

With thousands of years of knowledge, Xu Ping knows that the current Jiaozi is not a paper money, but only a primary form of paper money, just a supplement to the existing currency. In the final analysis, Jiaozi represents copper coins, which can only be regarded as some kind of bank bills at most, while Jiaozi has no very good functions. This creates a problem, if you want to make a profit, instead of making selfless dedication, there is only one way to make more friends, and there is no constraint. In fact, the historical fact is that as soon as the country was in the northwest and the war was tense, there was an indiscriminate occurrence of Jiaozi and soaring prices. If it weren't for the restrictions of the three-year realm, it would soon be overturned and restarted, and Jiaozi would collapse after a few decades.

Banks not only have to issue money, but they also have to lend out the money they do, making a profit through the interest rate differential between loans and deposits. In this state, the multi-issue currency is a double-edged sword against the bank, the multi-issue currency profits, but it causes inflation, and the loans issued in the past also depreciate at the same time, which is equivalent to self-harm. In the event of an economic collapse, banks will refrain from over-issuing money as a last resort.

For banks to function properly, the development of the commodity economy is a prerequisite, because only capital in the commodity economy is a good source of loans. Through the spread between loans and deposits, banks cut a piece of the pie from the cycle of the commodity economy, and at the same time allocate funds in favor of the development of the commodity economy.

Without the development of the commodity economy, paper money can only be an expedient measure, which may be replaced by other forms at any time. In fact, when silver flowed into China in large quantities throughout history, it soon replaced the large monetary function of paper money.

In order to transform the money bank on Jingxi Road into a bank and go to the road of issuing banknotes, it must be closely integrated with the cotton industry chain of commercial production, cooperate with the implementation of the company system, and suck the blood of interest rate differentials from this chain of commodity economy. Only with the nourishment of this flesh and blood can it finally develop and thrive. Without the development of the commodity economy, whether it is paper money or banks, they can only be premature babies, trees without roots, water without sources, and finally short-lived.

Paper money and banks, above all, have the foundation of the commodity economy, and as for the precious metals used as reserves, whether gold, silver or copper, they are not necessary. As long as the authority of the regime is there, official credit can replace precious metals.

A unified China has a huge internal market that is sufficient to complete the economic cycle, and does not need to rely on foreign trade, and the equivalent exchange of precious metals is not necessary. This is the most fundamental difference between a unified China and a Europe with many small countries, and this difference determines that the two will inevitably not follow the same path.

Xu Ping didn't know what to do was right, so he could only grope in practice little by little. But he knew that it must be a mistake to follow the path of Europe in history, and that the innate conditions of the two were vastly different and destined to be different.

After a long turn, Wang Gongchen returned to Xu Ping's side and asked unrelentingly: "Sansi really can't redeem the ticket of Henan Mansion?" They are in charge of the world's money and grain, and they can't redeem such a little money? Chen Longtu is just too useless! ”

Xu Ping said: "How can you say that? It is difficult for a good woman to cook without rice, every year the money of the three divisions actually has a place to go, and suddenly there is such a big hole, where can Chen Zhaoyu get the money from? ”

Wang Gongchen muttered in a low voice: "If you are in the third division, there must be a way!" ”

Xu Ping smiled and shook his head, he would definitely have a way in the third division, but it would not be easy.

After turning around again, Wang Gongchen didn't give up after all, and asked Xu Ping: "If the third division can't redeem the money, are you going to use these papers as money to send down?" Paper can't make money after all, how can I explain to my subordinates? After a year of hard work, at the beginning of the year, there was a lot of energy to open up the wasteland and farm, and when it came to harvesting cotton, it was still on the rise, and the cotton was sold and the paper came back? ”

"Don't make a fuss, if I give you banknotes, it must be real money, and you can buy things! What exactly is money? Its hidden springs, its flowing cloth, can be stored like gold and silver, not afraid of becoming less, can be spread in the world can buy anything, whether it is made of paper or copper, it is money! ”

Wang Gongchen pursed his mouth, although he stopped talking, he obviously saw that he was unhappy.

In the words of Xu Ping's previous life, it can be used as both a means of storage and a means of circulation, and an obvious value scale, which is the original function of money, in fact, the ancients saw it very clearly.