Chapter 86: The State (8)
After accumulating a family foundation for several years, an enlightened education that lasted for several years, and a blood-sucking experience in nearby cities, Chen Jian was finally able to complete his plan to expand the basic market. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info
It was for this day that nearby clan settlements were allowed to submit and that they were forbidden to be captured as slaves.
It is easy to turn a clan that is not a slave into a countryman, but it is too difficult to liberate a slave into a countryman, and the world will be turned upside down when the time comes. Clan settlements belong to the natural world, and slaves belong to people. Fighting with heaven and earth is sometimes easier than fighting with people.
Slaves belong to the slave owners, and then the slave owners belong to the state; Becoming a countryman is directly under the state, bypassing the exploitation of slave owners and being directly controlled by the state, and the power of the state will increase.
After a slight estimate, there are about 4,000 people left in the original old Xia City who are alive and do not need to be executed.
On December 18, about 5,000 slaves were subordinate to the peasants who made meritorious contributions to "welcome the king's master", about 2,000 people from Xinxiacheng who had already obtained the status of nationals, and about 2,000 people who had obtained the status of people but not nationals.
There were also about 5,000 slaves of all kinds in the city, and in addition to those captured nearby and purchased from other cities.
There are 1,000 Chinese people near Yangguan, 2,000 wild people, and about 2,000 people who can move out of the mountains and forests in the north.
The semi-civilized tribes of all the fiefdoms in the west, the former slaves, etc., migrated together about 6,000.
There are still 3,000 people in the wild villages in the east, clans that belong to extremely distant blood relations, and villages that have long been integrated into the Xia City system.
Excluding private slaves and public slaves who could not be liberated, there were about 30,000 people around the entire summer city.
This is different from the fugitive slaves in Yucheng, who are mostly young and strong men, and even have to exchange bronze for female slaves in other cities to balance men and women.
Among the more than 30,000 people here, there are men, women, and children, because there are a large number of former slaves, and there are slightly more and more sturdy, and the men and women are generally balanced.
Counting the 30,000 people on the other side of Yucheng, the entire future Xia Kingdom will have a population of 60,000 or 70,000. Except for Xia Cheng, the rest of the cities do not have the concept of a country, and it can also be said that a city is a country and a country is a city.
Urbanization has been a reciprocating process in human history, from the beginning of the city to concentrate the vast majority of the population, to the population boom to leave the city to go to the village, and then to the industrial age to re-urbanize, the resulting mobilization force has also appeared a huge gap.
Most people live in cities, which are easy to manage, easy to mobilize, and faster to spread technology, so that there can be truly strict top-down control.
When the population is overpopulated and the land is insufficient, and the imperial power is not under the county and the county is not under the clan, it is not possible to support enough management personnel under the layers of exploitation, and the management cost of the distance communication factor has surged, and the mobilization power is actually lower than that of the time when the city and the country were in the field.
Therefore, the 670,000 people in this era are not the same as the 670,000 people in the villages and fields at the end of the feudal dynasty.
Individually, Xia was already the most populous and technologically advanced of the many city-states.
Xiacheng has always been the cultural center of Zhucheng near the Caohe River, and Yucheng is basically the economic center on both sides of the river.
The iron ore smelting workshop in Yucheng can produce three or four hundred catties of iron per day, and the entire smelting system from upstream to downstream requires thousands of people, with an annual output of about forty or fifty tons. Although these are raw wrought irons and not steel, they can still be used if they are not used as weapons.
This is enough to ensure that every household in the Summer City system has iron farming tools within a year.
There were two or three thousand horses in both public and private property, and several thousand cattle were cultivated, and the iron trade and the nearby cities joined the economic system of mutual aid along the river, so the number of cattle could also be guaranteed.
Sufficient pastures and pastures, a little knowledge of animal husbandry and forced breeding techniques can also ensure that every cow has the opportunity to become pregnant every year.
The promotion of crop rotation and fallow and water conservancy facilities and manure accumulation and fermentation can generally ensure the level of three or four hundred catties per mu, of course, three or four hundred catties after two years of three crops and average species, and wheat and peas are counted together in one acre.
Nowadays, there are nearly 200,000 acres of good land around Xiacheng, which has been irrigated by summer canals and does not need to be fallow within ten years; There are more than 200,000 mu of land that is slightly worse and depends on the weather for food, and there are about 600,000 mu of various types of land, including fallow land, some mountain forests, wild fruit forests, mulberry elm forests, small forests planted as long-handled weapons, and ponds and fish ponds.
In fact, it is a circle of about 12 kilometers around Xiacheng, which is the perfect radius for the agricultural population to live in the city without being scattered by the village community. Harvesting farther away is a bit troublesome, but it can continue to be cultivated despite the rapid population growth in a short period of time.
Non-intensive cultivation methods have not allowed yields to be too high, and the large and almost infinite amount of land can be a disaster, and the forced promotion of cattle and horse farming techniques has also increased the per capita cultivated area a lot.
The two satellite cities of Xiadong and Xiaxi are within a radius of 30 kilometers, which can be reached within a day of normal trade, and it is convenient to govern, and in the future, the population can be connected into a piece.
This is basically the situation and development trend that Xiacheng may face after the establishment of the county, before the convening of the National People's Assembly, in fact, the remaining people to elect officials and personnel in all aspects Chen Jian have already been decided, and only need to go through the motions at that time, and no more than two-thirds of the people will oppose it.
After sending off the clan leaders, the council hall was busy again.
Chen Jian gathered all his relatives and some of the young men he had brought back from Yucheng and held a lengthy meeting in a closed room to determine the direction of their future governance.
Hundreds of people gathered in the room, holding brushes and wooden tablets, they had already heard some rumors, and many of them were attending a meeting of this size for the first time, and their hearts were inevitably in a reverie.
"If you want a city to be strong, there are four things you need to do well. Soldiers, agriculture, engineering, and learning. ”
"And these four things, we must continue to implement the Lisi system of our scattered clans, and strictly count the population."
"You also know about the clan leaders the other day, and you know that I am going to force them all to move to the city. It's not enough to just move, what happens after you move to the city? ”
Everyone looked up at him, and Jian Chen paused for a moment and said, "You must remember the following words but don't spread them, and you must understand how to do it." If there's anything I don't understand after I'm done, I can ask. ”
"First of all, the land in the east and west of Xia is uncultivated. But we have iron tools, ploughing oxen, seeds, etc., in whose hands are these things? In your hands, of course. Remember, the land was cultivated by them with the power of the city, and they only had the right to use it, and the land was not theirs, but belonged to the city. ”
Then, the underage child, who no longer needed the mother's breastfeeding, was taken away from the hands of the clan mother and forced to be educated in the city. At this point, I don't want people to cry, but I can't bear it, and I have to do it strictly. ”
"In order to avoid hatred between clans, all clans are broken up and disorganized, and fifty pairs of men and women are divided into one mile, and brothers and sisters cannot be within one mile."
"Many clans don't have a faint ceremony, and there are no fixed people who sleep and give birth to babies, we used to be like this, this is not a problem that can be solved by compulsion, so we can only let them slowly accept our habits. Fifty pairs of men and women live together, chaos is certain, at best, we can have many more children in a short time, but this is not good. ”
"What if you can't force a marriage and want them to have a family with a man and a woman? There are two kinds of houses to be built, one is for collective living and the other is for individual families, and those who take vows in the presence of the Riss are given priority to live in the houses where individual families live. ”
"Until the families of one man and one woman are accepted by these semi-civilized clans, in order to ensure the rights of the city and respect for you, it is necessary to maintain the collective farming methods of the clan era for a mile, and to facilitate the collection of taxes and the learning of new farming methods."
"Let's put it this way, you are the officials of the city, but in their hearts you are the clan leaders who are not blood relatives, and transfer their respect for the clan leaders to you who taught them to farm."
"The difference is that you can be removed at will, maybe you are in Xiadong today, and you will go to Xiaxi next year. Let them transfer this respect from a person to a simple jade plaque around your waist. No matter who it is, holding the jade plaque, it is a figure similar to the previous clan leader in their hearts. ”
"They may not be used to handing over the grain they have worked so hard to grow to the towns, so you can tell them that the towns have provided them with iron tools, farming tools, seeds, and technology, and then explain to them that this is a tax when they understand the rules."
"Of course, the old Xia city and the new Xia city people, as well as many slaves in the city who have obtained the status of Chinese people, will also be scattered to the east and west cities for guidance. There are fifty men and women in one mile, and there must be at least five pairs of people who are familiar with the rules of Xia City. ”
"In two years, you don't have much to do, you just need to teach them how to farm, teach them some basic rules, and even if you don't do it well, you won't be punished too much."
"I roughly calculated that after the implementation of these policies, there will be about 8,000 households in the entire Xia City and its surroundings, and one hundred and fifty or sixty lisi will be needed. Lisi is not out of production, not an official, and most of them are temporarily served by our new and old Xiacheng people. ”
"In addition to these thousands of households, there are still a large number of children who need to be placed in the city, forced to accept our education and rules, as well as queues, literacy and other training. The number is likely to be a lot in a short period of time, and I expect it will continue to increase in the next few years. ”
"There aren't so many people to teach them how to read and write, but I'll pick out some of the black-clad guards and teach them how to walk in line, how to hold spears, and how to discipline. As long as they are fed and clothed, we will talk about it after two years when the city is stable. ”
"This is basically the future population resettlement method of Xia Cheng. Once the division of the division was completed in April, it was necessary to really prepare for the four things of farming, engineering, soldiers, and learning. ”