Chapter 80: Nanyang College and the Inaugural Issue (Part II)
It is not only the inaugural issue of a political manifesto, but also to find something to do for the top scientists of those eras, and naturally there can be only such a bombshell.
With basic electromagnetism as the first article in Nature and Science, this is very suitable, interesting and simple, suitable for more people to participate in attracting a large number of young people.
Just to set the tone, Jian Chen's second article is a bit complicated, and it is also looking for more people to do things.
In the second article, a complex deduction is made using gravitational force and the gravitational acceleration estimated by the pendulum method, which finds a place for astronomers and mathematicians to bury themselves in the world for ten years, and at the same time distinguishes scientific falsification from scientific "prophecy" and theological "prophecy".
"We can know that the acceleration due to gravity has been determined by the pendulum method. Similarly, assuming that the Earth is a pure circle, it is feasible to estimate the Earth's hemisphere based on latitude and solar shadow, and this has been calculated by Gakumiya before. ”
"If the Earth is a real sphere, then, and we know the radius, then we can know that mysterious, hidden, unmeasurable gravitational constant multiplied by the mass of the Earth and divided by the square of the radius of the Earth is the approximate value of the gravitational acceleration that we measure by the pendulum method."
"What is the mass of the Earth? Obviously this is not what we know now. What is that hidden, hard-to-measure gravitational constant? Apparently not what we know now. However, we can use this method to deduce a constant, which is the product of the mass of the earth multiplied by this hidden constant. ”
"Now, there's an interesting value."
"We deduce on the basis of the theorem that many have questioned and which leads to the basis of the whole gravitational system—that is, the cubic of the semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit of a planet divided by the quadratic of the period of operation is a constant."
"Suppose, then, that we could artificially create a 'little moon' so that it could always hover above our heads, in the same period as the Earth's rotation. Then the cubic of the semi-major axis of the 'little moon' divided by the quadratic of the Earth's rotation period is equal to the cubic of the semi-major axis of the Moon's orbit around the Earth divided by the quadratic of a standard astronomical month. ”
"Obviously, we can calculate the time of day with roughly precision, which can be verified with European and Asian astronomy."
"Obviously, we can calculate the time of an astronomical month with roughly precision, which can also be verified with European and Asian astronomy."
"Then, if the centrifugal force cancels the gravitational force according to the centrifugal force, this virtual 'little moon' can be synchronized around the earth, bringing in the radius of the earth that was estimated by the product of the earth's mass and gravitational constant and latitude according to the pendulum method."
"It can be calculated that if this virtual 'little moon' exists, it should be 72,000 miles away from us."
"The distance of the moon from us can be estimated by dividing the quadratic of the semi-major axis of the great moon by the quadratic of the astronomical month equal to the quadratic of the radius of the minor moon divided by the quadratic of the astronomical day, and this value is ......"
Next, let's use another method to estimate this value. That is, using the calculated product of the earth's mass and gravitational constant, and using the mathematical method of centrifugal force and gravitational force to cancel, the cube root of a distance can also be obtained, and the value after the square is about ......"
"These two values are so close, but there is no way to explain anything, because these two values are so close, although they do not use the same method, but use the same basic deduction, and it seems that the calculation method is different, but in fact, the essential calculation method is the same."
"For if there were no semi-major axis cubic for the ratio fixation of the period quadratic and the centripetal force differential formula, the calculation of gravity would not have been deduced for a long time."
"Therefore, this interesting, seemingly different algorithm is actually an algorithm with the same foundation, and it cannot verify each other."
So, the two algorithms can't prove each other. Even if the estimated distance between the Earth and the Moon is obtained, many people will still question that this is normal, and things that cannot corroborate each other can of course be questioned, especially since the basis of this value comes from the entire gravitational system and the radius system of the celestial body's orbital cycle. ”
"If, then, we can use trigonometry to calculate the approximate distance between the Earth and the Moon, can we prove that the gravitational system is correct, or at least can be 'predicted' or 'predicted' by mathematics? I think that's okay, unless the skeptics disprove the foundations of triangulation and the whole of algebra and geometry, which they obviously don't have. ”
"This is not the method of physics, but it can be used to confirm physics with astronomy and geometry, and to achieve logical self-consistency."
"Triangulation to measure the distance between the Earth and the Moon had no basis before, or it has no basis now. Because we can't know our longitude with certainty, the error of finding our way by compass is too great, and going to two places at the same longitude and different latitudes thousands of miles away will make the error too big to bear to look at directly. ”
"There are two ways to know the fixed longitude of a place. One is the extremely accurate nautical clock being tried by the Institute of Science and Practical Technology, and the other is the use of telescopes to observe Jupiter's moons. ”
"The nautical clock is far away, and telescopes looking at Jupiter's moons to measure longitude are not applicable on the sea, but they can be perfectly set up on the surface - you can't set up a telescope on the deck, but you can set up it on the surface."
"Jupiter's moon orbit is very stable, and it is a natural, natural clock, more accurate than a nautical clock, that requires a telescope to observe."
"We can use this clock to measure the longitude of a certain place, and for this I consulted the Observatory's Mr. Hatohashi, who can guarantee that the longitude is accurate to within ten tenths—only on land that does not shake, of course."
"Then, under the condition that the octant can determine the exact latitude, and the moons of Jupiter can determine the exact longitude on land, we can not only get an accurate and unprecedented complete map of the Republic, but also use parallax triangulation to estimate how far away the Moon really is."
"If the city of Min and the capital were at the same longitude...... Only if, of course...... And we can use the North Star and the Sun to know the latitude of the two places, and calculate the distance between the two places at the same time. Then, at the same longitude, the inevitable time zone is the same. But in the same time zone, the position of the Moon in the starry sky is definitely different...... Suppose it is eight o'clock in the evening in Min County, and the moon is near the female hostel; But at eight o'clock in the evening in the capital city that we hypothetically have the same longitude as Mincheng, the moon may be near Xusu. ”
"Longitude is very important, because there is no means to transmit sound for thousands of miles, so you can't be sure if the eight points in your eyes are the eight points elsewhere, the same eight points can only appear on the same meridian."
"When the same eight points are determined, the angle between the moon and the surface can be measured with an octagon, and the latitude of the two places and the distance at the same longitude are known, then the distance of the moon from us can be estimated by trigonometry."
"Obviously, it will take the old gentlemen of astronomy to come forward, it will take about three thousand silver coins to measure, and it will take about a year...... I do not mean to measure the entire map of the Republic, but to find the time when the north is the same longitude as the city of Min and calculate the distance between the Earth and the Moon using the parallax method. ”
"In a year's time, we will know whether the distance between the Earth and the Moon calculated by the mathematical method of the gravitational system is about the same as the distance between the Earth and the Moon estimated by the trigonometric method, which is recognized by everyone."
If so, then it proves that the gravitational system can be proven by the world system that everyone recognizes and has been recognized before. Until there are no counterexamples, this can be self-contained and explain the world. ”
In other words, if the opponent thinks that all the theorems of trigonometry, addition and subtraction, sine and cosine, similar triangles, and so on, and claims to be wrong, then the opponent can of course declare the gravitational theory wrong with the basis of the world they have defined. If they don't want to be so shameless, they have to accept that the theory of gravity can explain the world, and that it is a self-consistent system with internal logic that can withstand verification, and uses geometry and algebra as tools that everyone agrees on. ”
…… At the end of the article, there is a set of pure mathematical formulas, but they are all very simple, the only difficulty is the simplified version of the centripetal force formula that has been completed several years ago using the original calculus method, and the only thing left is an enlightened mathematical formula for the square radius of the velocity.
As for the rest, it is all addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and the most difficult is only the last step of the written arithmetic, which is equivalent to the level of "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic" in the Warring States Qin and Han dynasties, and the specific formula has long been formed.
The important thing in this article is that the mysterious moon was broken by the telescope, and finally knew how far away it was, and with so many zeros, it also made people feel the vastness of the universe.
For those who already agree with the theory of gravity and have a foundation in trigonometry and algebra, it is impossible to know how much it is, but it is possible to know the approximate mass ratio, and it is a very frightening mass ratio.
For those astronomers, it is just right to officially draw a complete map of the Republic and calculate the approximate distances of many planets, which are all so-called meritorious deeds that can go down in history.
For those who are immersed in the logical world of mathematics, they will feel that the world of the future needs more convenient tools, and mathematics as a tool has been somewhat unable to keep up with the development of other disciplines.
For those who have not yet figured out what corroboration is, those two calculation methods that seem to be different but have been picked out by Jian Chen are purely the same thing, can tell them that the essence of one thing needs to be taken into account to confirm something.
For those who are bent on explaining the world, the idea of rigid mechanical materialism will overwhelm the strange worldviews that preceded it, and those who will believe that the universe can be explained by mathematics, mechanics, and motion.
That "prophecy" made by mathematics and calculations will also begin a new way of thinking about the future, a way of imagining the future in an internally logical and self-consistent way. A form of "astrology" and "great prophecy" called physics and mathematics will replace any previous idealistic form of prophecy.
Among the many thicknesses, the only thing that is very thin is that in the real world at this time, you can only get a map with roughly correct latitude and longitude.