Qiu Beizhao has his own small courtyard in the glass business, in addition to the two apprentices of the helper, there are also two small servants who are specially sent to take care of their diet and daily life, and the daily treatment is better than that of the petty officials in charge of glass affairs. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

The glass business was built by the three divisions, but the management model is roughly the same as that of other private farm services. The promotion officer is the lowest-ranking petty military attaché, who mainly manages the day-to-day affairs outside of production and operation, and of course, personnel supervision. It is the hired supervisor who manages production, not the officials, and the production affairs, as well as the craftsmen and miscellaneous servants, are in charge, and the promotion officer does not interfere. Only some key places, such as warehouses, finance, and auditing, are managed by the officials of the three divisions.

Most of the field affairs under the three divisions are in this mode, and the more technically demanding, the less directly involved the official is, and most of the personnel are hired from outside. And the lower the technical requirements, the deeper the degree of official involvement, to a certain point, it is all official personnel. For example, in some quarries, there are no expatriates, and the bottom is the army and the prisoners, and the upper level is the officials and officials.

This dualistic management model has gradually developed and has become the mainstream in some field affairs related to the people. The wine shops in the state capitals and the Wensi Institute in the capital are basically like this. In this case, the remuneration of the hired personnel is basically the same as that in the market, and some skilled craftsmen are often paid more than the officials who manage them.

Xu Ping did not copy the model of cane sugar business, and the field affairs in the capital still followed the model in the capital.

This has the advantage that it is easy to expand when the market is good, and it is easy to shrink when the market is bad. Anyway, if you hire a person, you can't say that you can't be dismissed, just like the people, and the situation is not good to be dismissed. As for the diffusion of technology to the people, the three divisions built these field affairs originally had this purpose, and the private production was taxed the same, and the meat was still rotten in its own pot. And there is competition in this way, so that it will not become a backwater in the end. Not to mention the craftsmen in the field work, even the edicts in the Hanlin Courtyard are rarely done for a lifetime, and many will still come out to open shops.

The other is that officials and managers of field affairs can supervise each other, so as not to become an independent kingdom that no one else can interfere in. A few days ago, in the case of collusion and fraud by public officials, Xu Ping was also a little apprehensive.

When they arrived at Qiu Beizhao's small courtyard, Xu Ping and Yan Su were waiting in the living room, and the little girl hurriedly rushed to report, and after a while, Qiu Beizhao hurriedly returned to the living room.

Seeing that Qiu was still grinding glass gouache on his hands, and his face was also dotted, Xu Ping said: "Work hard to wait for the edict." ”

"How dare you be? The small one is a craftsman, what kind of character is the deputy envoy, how can he be worthy of your hard work? ”

Qiu Zhizhao said as he washed his hands in the enamel basin next to him, wiped it, and stepped forward to salute.

The little guy served tea, and the three of them sat down.

After taking a sip of tea, Yan Su couldn't wait to ask Qiu Beizhao: "To be edicted, how many lenses have been sharpened by Deputy Envoy Xu?" But can it be used? ”

"There are five or six pieces, and they can be used." Speaking of this, Qiu Beizhao couldn't help complaining. "In the past, when I was cutting jade, I was most afraid that the jade material was not pure, and at the critical moment, there were mixed things. I didn't expect that glass is not as good as jade, because there are miscellaneous materials or bubbles in the middle, I don't know how much grinding is wasted, otherwise where will I waste so much effort! ”

There is no way to do this, now the process is at that level, and the thicker glass is prone to impurities and bubbles, and it will not be able to solve this problem for a while. This is still Xu Ping's best method, and after careful calculation, he used glass to cast a rough blank, which greatly reduced the thickness of the glass and reduced the amount of grinding labor, otherwise Qiu Beizhao would have to spend more time.

Yan Su was more concerned about this matter than Xu Ping, and after listening to Qiu Zhizhao's words, he couldn't wait to say: "In this case, when Zhao drinks tea and rests, let's go over and see how it goes?" ”

In the face of the two to be controlled, Qiu Zhizhao couldn't afford to hold the shelf, drank the tea in the cup, got up and said: "Since the two officials are so anxious, let's go and see where there are any disagreeable." ”

"Okay, good, wait for the edict first!"

Yan Su hurriedly got up and walked out of the living room with Xu Ping with Qiu Bei.

When I arrived at the small room next to Qiu to work, I was greeted by the choking smell of dust. Although it is a water mill, it is still unavoidable to make dust all day long.

Xu Ping frowned, this working environment is really a bit difficult, thinking in his heart, when the cotton yarn is spun in a few days, he must find a way to make some masks for these people, so as not to absorb dust all day long, which is not good for his health.

After entering the house, Qiu Zhizhao carefully took a transparent lens from the table, wiped it with the silk cloth placed next to it, handed it over carefully, and said: "Please see the officials to be controlled, do you still like it?" ”

Yan Su took it, took it in his hand and turned it over, and then raised it in front of his eyes to look at it, and the scenery he saw through the lens was deformed strangely, which made him feel extremely novel. However, it was the first time he had seen this kind of strange thing, and he had no bottom in his heart, so he looked at it twice and handed it to Xu Ping: "Xu Ping is to be made, do you think this thing can be used?" ”

Xu Ping took it, saw that the lens was crystal clear, without a little impurities and bubbles, and the quality was excellent, and nodded: "It's excellent, there is no flaw in it." However, Qiu waits for the edict, have you ever measured the spotlight? ”

"That's natural, the deputy envoy ordered, where dare the little one not do it?" Qiu Zhizhao said, pointing to a black box behind him, "The two officials to be controlled can see for themselves." But now that the sun has set, it may not be accurate. ”

"It's good to wait for the edict to be tested, so why bother doing it again?" Xu Ping said, carefully placing the lens in his hand on the table, "What else is there besides this piece?" Can the edict mark the spotlight clearly? ”

The focal length of the lens is very important, and if you don't measure it clearly, you can only mess around with a telescope.

The black box was made by Xu Ping to measure the focal length, with a lens on one side and a mobile lens on the other, with a ruler underneath. The other two sides are boarded with a wooden plank on one side, and open on the other side for observation. During the day, when the sun is just right, attach the lens to be measured, slowly move the focused side, and use the ruler to read the focal length of the lens when focusing.

Sunlight can be thought of as parallel rays, and the measured focal length can be used in this way. If you don't use sunlight, you need to use optical means to create parallel light, which is too cumbersome.

Qiu Zhizhao pointed to a few lenses on the table and said: "There are five or six pieces in total, according to Deputy Envoy Xu's instructions, there are fewer convex lenses and more concave lenses, see how to use them." ”

Xu Ping stepped forward and saw that there were six lenses on the table, four convex lenses, and two concave lenses, and the focal length was carefully marked with a pen next to them, and the lenses were generally crystal clear. Not far away, there were a large number of worn lenses, and Qiu Zhizhao had obviously put a lot of effort into it. The main reason is that the quality of the glass is not good, and the glass formula with high light transmittance and good stability is still being explored.

Yan Su leaned in, looked at the lenses and asked Xu Ping: "What kind of telescope is that, how do you make it?" ”

Xu Ping picked up two lenses, one convex and one concave, from the table, roughly estimated the focal distance, took it in his hand, and said to Yan Su: "Come forward to take a look, and look out of the house along the lens." ”

"Oh, how come the things you see are suddenly bigger!"

Yan Su glanced at it and then stepped back abruptly, glaring and shouting.

Xu Ping put away the lenses and said, "That's it, otherwise how can you see things in the distance?" ”

He asked Qiu Zhizhao on the side: "Didn't the lens barrel I made a few days ago put it here for you?" Take it and use it. ”

Qiu Zhizhao instructed his apprentice to take the mirror tube made by Xu Ping and hand it over to Xu Ping.

It is a long cylinder, the main body is cast in brass and polished, divided into several sections, quite delicate.

Xu Ping looked at the focal length of the lens in his hand, took off the lens barrel in two sections, and the rest was just right to use, so he put the lens in, with a convex lens at the big end and a concave lens at the small end.

After installing and fixing it tightly, Xu Ping raised the lens tube in his hand and looked into the distance.

At this time, the sun had completely set down, and only the afterglow of the setting sun was still smearing the world, and the light was not too dark.

Looking south, all kinds of houses and buildings block the view, and they can only be raised a little, just to see the Nancheng Tower in the distance. Several of the soldiers defending the city walked listlessly, and the little leader was dozing with his hands against the female wall in boredom.

Xu Ping suddenly remembered a question, holding this telescope and standing on the commanding heights in the city, such as the tower of Xuande Gate, you can directly see Ouchi to the north. This question is not big, but it is not small, the emperor's private life must not be seen by others, not to mention that it also involves the security of the palace. The former privy envoy Zhang Qi's family was close to the imperial city, and once built a pavilion in his home, which was higher than the walls of the imperial city. After the death of Empress Dowager Liu and his loss of power, this became a crime and was ordered to be demolished. With a telescope, isn't the height of Jiangong in the city still limited?

Yan Su saw that Xu Ping was fascinated by it, and his heart was itching, and he said to Xu Ping: "The deputy envoy has seen it, let me see it too." ”

Xu Ping put down the binoculars, handed them to Yan Su, and said with a smile: "Yan waits to take a look at the Nanxun Gate Tower, see what those soldiers look like, and then compare them with Wanshengmen." ”

"Laughing, it's so far away, how can you see it? The capital is not a small county below, and the city can be seen at a glance! Not to mention the Nanxun Gate Tower, you can see the willow tree by the Bianhe River is a sacred object! ”

Yan Su said as he put the binoculars to his eyes.

"Ah, did you really see the Nanxun Gate? That's really the Nanxun Gate! This time, Yan Su didn't take the telescope away, and kept looking at it while shouting. The novelty that Xu Beizhi ordered to make was really magical. (To be continued.) )