Li Yi suddenly became interested, and he hurriedly asked, "Does Wen He know what methods Mr. Wang has to deal with Xiliang?" ”

Jia Xu nodded and said: "My teacher once studied under Mr. Wang Fu Wang to learn the strategy of governing the country, speaking of which, I am still Mr. Wang's apprentice, of course I know." Would the lord like to listen? ”

"Willing to listen, willing to listen." Li Yi said with a smile, "The matter of Xiliang is very complicated, although Liaodong and Xiliang are thousands of miles apart, they are also equally complicated. The so-called stone of the mountain can attack jade, I very much want to know Mr. Wang's high theory. ”

Jia Xu thought for a while and said: "Xiliang is the western frontier of the Great Han Kingdom, and of course the governance of Xiliang is inseparable from the governance of the Great Han Kingdom, so I will first talk about the old gentleman's strategy for governing the country, what does the lord think?" ”

"That's for the best." Li Yi smiled, "It's just tired of Wenhe." ”

Jia Xu thought for a moment and said slowly: "After the middle of this dynasty, the relatives were in power, the eunuchs were autocratic, and the government was corrupt and dark. Especially after Emperor An, he used troops against ethnic minorities such as the Qiang and Xianbei ethnic groups for many years, and the frequent occurrence of floods and droughts led to the emptiness of the treasury, the lack of wealth and wealth of the people, and the starvation of the wilderness. The old gentleman believed that in order to revive the majesty of the Han Dynasty, it was necessary to respect the virtuous and competent, reform the administration of officials, pay equal attention to agriculture and industry, oppose extravagance and sexual pleasures, and attach importance to immigration and border affairs on the population issue. ”

Although he did not fully agree with Jia Xu's words, Li Yi knew very well that the fundamental reason for the treasury of the Han Dynasty was neither the use of foreign troops nor the frequent disasters, but the founding policy of the Great Han Dynasty -- too much attention was paid to the issue of the family gatekeeper, but this was obviously not the time to argue with Jia Xu and them on this issue.

Li Yi hurriedly said, "Can Wen He tell me in detail?" ”

Jia Xu smiled and explained: "The old gentleman has always adhered to the gas-based theory of cosmogenesis, and he believes that all natural phenomena are 'done without qi'. In terms of the relationship between heaven and man, Mr. Lao believes that 'mortals are good and evil, and they are determined by deeds, and life is decided', emphasizing the importance of man-made. In the perception of things. The old gentleman objected to the saint prophet, saying that even the most holy and the most material were not born to know and to be born to do anything. ”

Li Yi was stunned for a moment, and said in his heart that he didn't expect this Mr. Wang Fu to be a materialist, which was extremely rare in ancient times.

It is a pity that he was not a pure materialist, and his mainstream was Confucianism of Confucius and Mencius, mixed with some Taoist and Legalist thoughts. That is to say, the pre-Qin thought had a deep influence on him, and it was difficult to get rid of the influence of the Western Han tradition. For example, Dong Zhongshu's "unity of heaven and man" or "induction of heaven and man".

However, the reality he faced was compared with the virtuous literature of the Western Han Dynasty and the teachings of Dong Zhongshu. There are a lot of adaptations and developments.

Li Yi said loudly: "Yes, yes, the old gentleman said it well. Was Sage Kong born omniscient? But now many people talk about Confucius as if Confucius was born a saint, and no one can say anything disobedient. The old gentleman said it well. You go on and on, and you go on. ”

Jia Xu continued: "The old gentleman emphasized that 'the country is based on the people' and advocated moral and political education, but he also proposed to attach importance to the rule of law. He advocated that the monarch should 'obey the heart of heaven', that is, obey the will of the people. Based on this premise, Mr. Lao put forward the theory of enriching the people in the economic aspect. Take the enrichment of the people as the first righteousness. ”

"Really? Did the old gentleman really say that? Li Yi became more and more interested, and after a few shots, he said loudly, "Mr. Wang said it really well. Enriching the people. If the people are not rich, how can the country be rich? ”

Seeing that Li Yi agreed with this point of view, Jia Xu explained more energetically, and said loudly: "What the lord said is very true. If the people are not rich, the country will not be rich. The old gentleman advocated equal emphasis on agriculture and industry. Since ancient times, our Han Dynasty has always emphasized agriculture and suppressed business, and there has always been a saying that agriculture is the end of business. The old gentleman believes that agriculture, industry and commerce have their own roots, not that all agriculture is the foundation, and all industry and commerce are the end. Agriculture, industry, and commerce each keep its own roots, and the people are rich, and if they deviate from their roots, the people are poor. The 'this' mentioned by the old gentleman refers to the main business and business of agriculture, industry and commerce, that is, agriculture, use, and currency; The so-called end is the end of agriculture, industry, and commerce, and the end of the work, that is, the tour industry, the ingenious ornament, and the strange work. Although the old gentleman put forward the theory that agriculture, industry, and commerce all have the essence of the end, although it has a great effect on the prosperity of the people, it has been criticized by many scholars and famous Confucians because it deviates from the law of the Han Dynasty. ”

Speaking of this, Jia Xu glanced at Li Yi and said with some meaning: "Actually, in Xu's opinion, the lord's current politics in Youzhou have many similarities with Mr. Wang. Before today, I always thought that the lord was a believer in Mr. Wang's political philosophy, but I was surprised that the lord didn't know Mr. Wang's name at all. Especially in terms of heavy industry and commerce, it is even more intense than what Mr. Wang did. And now the vigorous development of the five counties in the western part of Youzhou also proves the foresight of the lord. ”

Li Yi laughed and said, "Okay, Wenhe, don't shoot my horses, let's talk about Mr. Wang." ”

Li Yi knows his own business, and the reason why he attaches importance to industry and commerce is only because of what he has seen and heard in later generations. But Wang Fu is different, as a native of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he can have such an understanding, which is really commendable.

Jia Xu paused for a moment, sorted out his thoughts, and then said: "Like the lord, Mr. Wang also strongly advocates moral and political education, and he attaches great importance to educating the people. He believed that educating the people was not only the foundation for the founding of the country, but also the foundation for improving the moral sentiments of the Han people, making the social atmosphere simple, and stabilizing the social order. He believes that the king rules the world, and he must observe the people and set up teachings, so that he can change customs and customs, so that the world is peaceful. The old gentleman believed that there was a distinction between the root and the end of education, and he said that only by educating people in integrity and inducing them to do good could they not break the law and discipline. On the other hand, if people are taught treacherous and evil, 'learning prostitution leads to deceitfulness,' will corrupt the integrity of society and be detrimental to the stability and prosperity of the Great Han Kingdom. ”

"Ma Rong and Zhang Heng and other great Confucians believe that the old gentleman's advocacy of strengthening the education of the people is inheriting the views of his predecessors, but the old gentleman's education also has the saying that there is a distinction between the original and the end, which is unprecedented and a great innovation."

There was silence in the military tent, and everyone was thinking about Wang Fu's theories and propositions.

"Wenhe, can you tell us more about the old man's method of governing Xiliang?" Li Yi pondered for a long time and asked slowly.

Jia Xu nodded and said, "Just now the lord said that the situation in Liaodong is very similar to that in Xiliang, and Xu feels the same way. If the lord has been in the military administration of the governor of northern Xinjiang, with the old man's methods and some improvement methods of the lord, he will definitely be able to stabilize the northern Xinjiang within ten years and let the people of the northern Xinjiang live a good life. ”

"Mr. Wang is a frontier citizen of Xiliang, and he specially used four chapters to discuss the border problems of the empire in "The Theory of Hidden Husbands", which were named "Persuading Generals", "Saving Bian", "Bian Discussion" and "Shibian". The old gentleman believed that in the war with the Qiang and other foreign peoples, the imperial court made a mistake in adopting the policy of abandoning the border land and forcing the border people to move inward. This policy of retreat not only brought great losses to the lives and property of the people in the border areas, but also created an opportunity for the enemy to take advantage of. ”

The old gentleman believes that the root cause of the repeated invasions of the Qiang people outside the Saiwai and the great rebellion of the Qiang and Han people in the whole of Xiliang is that the Great Han State adopted the wrong policy of abandoning Liangzhou from the beginning. This policy of Gou'an retreat was originally proposed by the ministers at that time when the Qiang people rebelled in the early years of Emperor Yong'an, and they even proposed a compromise method of donating Liangzhou and surrendering the three auxiliaries for their own selfish interests. ”

Li Yi immediately became interested in Jia Xu's words. He suddenly asked, "Wenhe, then do you know why my Han Dynasty adopted such a compromise strategy for Western Xinjiang?" ”

Jia Xu pondered for a long time, and said slowly: "My Han Dynasty's strategy of giving up on Xiliang began after Emperor Guangwu recovered the dynasty. This is very different from the style of the Han Empire founded by Emperor Gao, especially from the heroic spirit of Emperor Xiaowu who attacked the Xiongnu in the north and opened up the Western Regions. ”

In terms of national strength, this dynasty is not inferior to the former Han Dynasty, and this dynasty has also used a small army and a few brave envoys to successfully force Wang Mang to rebel against the Han Dynasty and surrender to the Xiongnu during the Han Dynasty. This is the great cause of Ban Chao, the youngest son of the scholar and historian of this dynasty, Mr. Ban Biao, who, when he was young, was unwilling to inherit his father's business and become a literati like his elder brother Ban Gu, so he threw away his pen and put on a military uniform. In addition, the nephew of Dou Rong, the Marquis of Anfeng, Guangluxun, and Dou Gu, the commander of Chedu, and his great-grandson, the general Dou Xian, all broke the treason of the Xiongnu and the Western Regions in the Xiaoming Emperor and the Xiaohe Emperor and achieved brilliant victories. ”

Geographically, these conquered areas were still in the northwest of Liangzhou, and the Han Dynasty also set up administrative institutions and garrisons in these areas. In addition, compared with the Xiongnu and the Western Regions, the Qiang people living in Liangzhou are far behind in terms of civilization evolution, tribal population, and armed forces. The old gentleman said in the "Treatise on the Hidden Husband" that when the Qiang people began to rebel, 'the party members were not formed, the people were not united, the weapons were not prepared, or they held wooden branches, or fought empty-handed, the grass was scattered, there was no governor, and it was easy to break.' He also said: "The captives either hold bronze mirrors like weapons, or carry boards like shields, and they are afraid of disturbances, and they cannot hold each other." ’”

"But why can't my big man deal with such a weak opponent? Why did they willingly let the Qiang people disturb Liangzhou for decades and hundreds of years, once again cut off the passage to the western part of the Han Dynasty, and lost the vast territory built by Ban Chao and Dou Xian and countless soldiers with their lives and blood? Why is it that now even the people of the Han Dynasty in my Xiliang have participated in the rebellion in Liangzhou? (To be continued.) )