readx(); Since the Tang Dynasty's forces entered Japan, because the country was relatively small and the economic structure was more single and fragile, the Tang Dynasty's power fermented much faster in Japan than in the Qing Dynasty.

In 1783, two volcanoes, Mt. Tsugaru Iwaki and Mt. Asama in the Kanto region, erupted one after another, causing widespread ash in various regions, causing widespread crop failures, and the Okuwa Overseas Prefecture under the jurisdiction of the Tang Dynasty was the most affected. However, after the disaster, Datang quickly made a judgment that the disaster might seriously affect the harvest of local farmers, and transferred a batch of grain from China to Oyulai, and used the grain as a reward to gather the locals to carry out various construction work.

The Great Famine of Tenmei, which caused tens of thousands of people to starve to death in the other plane, had almost no lethality in the main plane, and there were no recorded starvation deaths, and the Okuba Consulate also succeeded in converting a group of rural laborers into urban laborers to engage in other jobs through this method.

However, unlike the "smooth sailing" in Ou, natural disasters also caused widespread agricultural failures in the Kanto and Kansai regions. Since the shogunate's main policy was to develop industry and commerce, and agriculture was relatively neglected, a large number of retainers who had a grudge against Tanuma Yoshiji jumped out and began to attack him. In the end, Tanuma Yoshiji could not resist the pressure and resigned, and some of the policies he implemented during his tenure, such as the monopoly of goods and the small number of factories opened by the purchased Datang Machinery, were basically canceled and suspended

After four or five years of reform and construction, Japan finally faced a comprehensive failure. In the era of Tanuma Yoshiji, Matsudaira Toshinobu vigorously opposed Tanuma Yoshiji's mercantile policy, and after Matsudaira Toshinobu became the political core of the shogunate, he immediately abolished the various policies of the Tanuma era and began to use the traditional Confucian heavy agricultural policy in an attempt to maintain the authority and rule of the shogunate.

In 1788, Matsudaira issued a frugality decree requiring Shinong and industrial companies to strictly adhere to the hierarchical status system and prohibit extravagant pleasures. The shogunate's expenditures12 were reduced for the shogun's internal expenses13, and 70% of the funds cut by Edo Castle were used as relief expenses for the poor and low-cost loans, which was called the seven-cent accumulation method. At the same time, the samurai were rewarded for practicing martial arts, prostitution and geisha were banned, and mixed bathing with men and women was prohibited; In 1789, a renunciation decree was issued, announcing the abolition of the debts of the Hatamoto family.

In Matsudaira's administration, the most influential was his policy of heavy agriculture. Because Tanuma Yoshiji made many reforms in Japan after witnessing the strength of the Tang Dynasty, coupled with the fact that the Tang Dynasty seized Okuwa and imported its own goods and other influences into Japan, the old and new cultures of Japanese society clashed for a while. After the establishment of Datang and the Corps, it helped Datang stabilize its overseas territory in Southeast Asia, obtained outstanding military achievements, and the soldiers received relatively generous remuneration. For a time, Japanese society was full of impetuousness, and many farmers hoped to go to Ou and be selected as "samurai" in the Yamato Corps, so as to improve their living conditions and social status. The development of commerce led some peasants to try to make a fortune through commerce, and speculation in society emerged one after another, and many samurai also abandoned the traditional way of life and devoted themselves to this process. This is also the reason why Matsudaira Dingxin later introduced a series of policies such as the thrift order, the revitalization of the samurai family, and the discipline and agriculture policy.

In the new policy, the planting of grain crops will be rewarded, the planting of cash crops will be restricted, and grain will be stored for famine, afforestation and water control. In response to the new situation, when population movements and commercial activities increased greatly, Matsudaira not only did not accept it, but also adopted exclusion and restrictions, and the shogunate was preparing to issue an edict to reward the return of farmers to Kuzato, set up a "camp for drifters" in Edo, persuade urban homeless people to return to their hometowns to work in agriculture, and prohibit farmers from leaving their hometowns to enter the cities, so as to secure rural labor.

In fact, grain from Datang, the world's largest grain producer, has already entered the Japanese market and has seriously impacted the local agricultural economy. Adhering to the old system and old ideas, in a period of rapid social transformation, is no different from death.

In particular, although Japan is not a very important part of Datang's overall national strategy, Datang's top brass has never ignored Japan and has the ambition to gradually control Japan. After all, it has a population of more than 20 million people, and although the economy is poor, labor is also a resource that can be used.

The Ou region controlled by the Tang Dynasty was originally a relatively sparsely populated area in Japan, and as soon as Matsudaira Dingxin's decree was issued, it restricted the flow of population, and naturally also restricted the development of Ou by the Tang Dynasty. Moreover, Songping Dingxin's policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business also hurt Datang's profits. In the second era of Tanuma Yi, Japan encouraged trade with the Tang Dynasty, and although some of the local products produced in Japan were not of high value, they still supported a number of small and medium-sized trading companies. Moreover, some businessmen also purchased Datang commercial goods and even machinery, which brought a lot of profits to Datang. However, after Songping Dingxin's policy of valuing agriculture and suppressing business, unlike many of Datang's trade partners, the trade volume between Japan and Datang actually declined. Based on the above two points, Datang began to be very dissatisfied with the politics of the Japanese shogunate.

In fact, it was not only the Tang Dynasty from outside that was dissatisfied with the shogunate Matsudaira's policies, but there were also many different voices in Japan. During the Tanuma period, a group of merchants made a fortune through commerce and established a certain amount of capital strength. However, as soon as the Matsudaira New Deal came out, it seriously infringed on their interests. Some upper-class samurai were more economically powerful, and they also made a fortune through business and industry, after all, due to the influx of grain from the Tang Dynasty, the profits from farming and farming were very meager. Matsudaira's anachronistic policies also discouraged these high-ranking samurai, including some of the feudal lords.

For example, the Satsuma Domain, the Choshu Domain, was relatively broad-minded, and after the founding of Japan, it absorbed more beneficial ingredients from the outside world, especially the Tang Dynasty, and its strength was also enhanced. In particular, the Satsuma Hizen and other feudal domains had a lot of trade contacts, and the policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce dealt a great blow to them.

As a result, at a time when almost no one liked the new shogunate's new policies, these forces gradually converged, especially some feudal lords who embraced the new ideas, and proposed the 18th-century version of the "Taisei Restoration", and the entire political situation in Japan began to move towards a bizarre and difficult to grasp context.

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