After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, the Mongolian steppes were also unified under the iron hooves of the brave Manchu Eight Banners, and became the northern border area of the Qing court. The Qing Dynasty implemented the eight-point system in Mongolia. Mongolian titles are divided into six ranks, namely prince, county king, beyler, beizi, zhenguo duke, and auxiliary guogong; There are also Taiji, Tabu Nang below the sixth class, and divided into four classes, Taiji, Tabu Nang have the same title, Tumut Left Wing Banner, Karaqin three banners are called Tabu Nang, and the rest of the flags are called Taiji. In Outer Mongolia and other places, there is also a khan, whose status is higher than that of Prince Heshuo, but there is no Tabu bag and only Taiji. There are two kinds of titles below the Khan, incumbent and idle, and the incumbent is Zasak. Generally, titles can be hereditary.

During this period, the so-called Mongolia was not the Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia that later generations said, and the Mongolia that was inherited from the Qing Dynasty was far greater than the sum of Inner and Outer Mongolia in later generations. After the establishment of the Republic of China, although there was a certain amount of turmoil in the Mongolian steppe, the system of the Manchu period is still basically maintained on the steppe. Feng Yong only attempted to annex the Mongolian steppes bordering Russia in the north, including the later Republic of Outer Mongolia and parts of China's Inner Mongolia Province. After all, the current Mongolian steppes were divided by the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and merged with the lands in Guannei to form the three provinces of Rehe, Chahar, and Suiyuan. Moreover, these three provinces are geographically wrapped in the north of the Zhili region, and have the convenient advantage of Gongwei Jingshi, and Beiyang zhèng fǔ is also extremely sensitive to it, Feng Yong has no appetite to swallow it at once now, and he can take the vast Mongolian steppe in a short period of time, Feng Yong is already very satisfied. After all, the situation in the Guannei is complicated, and without the power to unify the world, Feng Yong will never act. Rushing into the customs will only muddy the seemingly calm waters of the Republic of China. At that time, the entire Republic of China will be torn apart, and it is likely that the surrounding countries with intentions will be given an opportunity to take advantage of. In that case, the Republic of China will be completely detached from the trajectory of history, and it may even be completely carved up by the European powers. His own Northeast Security Army is also likely to repeat the mistakes of the warlords of the Feng Dynasty, and eventually retreat outside the customs with lost troops. This is what Feng Yong does not want to see. Moreover, in addition to the sparse population, the three eastern provinces have sufficient resources, convenient transportation, and great potential for agricultural development. Feng Yong will never let go of such a good place, stepping into the troubled waters of the Republic of China for the sake of false fame.

Although Mongolia is known as a natural cavalry production base, it is the place where the glory of Genghis Khan is inherited. After more than 200 years of evolution, the Manchurian Eight Banners, which dominated the land of Kwantung and beat Genghis Khan, have decayed, and it can even be said that there is no combat effectiveness of Si Aihong. However, although the Mongol cavalry was limited by the Manchu Qing Dynasty, it still maintained a certain combat effectiveness. However, the Mongolian steppe is vast and sparsely populated, and the herdsmen live in poverty, and it is difficult to maintain food and clothing, let alone to form a more powerful cavalry.

Because the Mongol princes were hereditary, there was a huge aristocratic force in Mongolia. Although most of them have no real power and are just idle aristocrats, the few who remain in power control the rise and fall of the entire Mongolian steppe. What surprised Feng Yong and others the most was that the population of the entire Mongolian steppe was not even one million. Genghis Khan's direct descendants have long been lost to history. With less than 600,000 people and millions of square kilometers of land, it is no wonder that the Mongols seem to be sparsely populated.

The Manchu Empire started on horseback, although it won a great victory against the Mongol cavalry. But perhaps it is because of the fear of the descendants of Genghis Khan, who are famous all over the world with his cavalry, for fear that they will suddenly develop one day and reproduce the glory of Genghis Khan, and then the first to bear the brunt of the Manchu Qing Dynasty's hard work will be the Qing Dynasty. So when the Manchus, in the name of goodwill, always wanted to weaken Mongolia. In fact, the successive rulers of the Manchu Empire were extremely strict in their supervision of the Mongolian steppes. They are trying their best to weaken the Mongolian population.

As early as the Manchu or the Later Jin period, the Mongolian steppe was the Later Yuan period, the entire Mongolian steppe was divided, and the various departments attacked each other, never wanting to let go, and it was also at this time that the Manchus without Mongolian suppression began to rise rapidly. and defeated the Mongol cavalry in several encounters. But at that time, although the Mongols were in turmoil, the total population was much more than 10 million more than the Manchurians. This led the Manchus to consider Mongolia to be a great threat. For this reason, the Manchus got along with several households and tried in vain to eliminate the Mongols without spending a single soldier.

The first plan to eliminate households is that the Manchu Qing Dynasty implemented a policy of reducing the number of people in the Mengu steppe. The size and population of the Mongol tribes were extremely tightly controlled. And taking advantage of the strong illusion in the hearts of the Mongols about the combat effectiveness of the Mongol cavalry, every year the young and strong of the Mongols would be drawn into the army, and then become the vanguard and cannon fodder of the Manchu Qing battles. According to the survey of the Mongolian steppes released by Yuan Shikai in the early years of the Republic of China, until the establishment of the Republic of China, there were only a few hundred thousand Mongols in the entire ethnic group. Before the establishment of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, the Mongols had more than 12 million people, and the Manchu rule of the Manchu Qing for more than 200 years reduced the number of Mongols by 20 times. Although to a certain extent, the formation of a huge force on the steppe was prevented from posing a threat to the Manchus. But on the other hand, the Manchus almost wiped out the Mongols. According to some historical records, the Manchu Qing Dynasty has always been exterminated for the rebellious Mongols, during the period of the Qianlong Yellow Emperor, the Mongols in the Jungger area rebelled, and the Qianlong Emperor issued an order to kill them all, relying on strong national strength, the Manchu Qing Dynasty won the war, and the final result was that hundreds of thousands of young people in the Junggar area were killed, completely turning a large Mongolian tribal settlement into an empty place name.

Another way the Manchus depleted Mongol power was by vigorously promoting Lamaism in Mongol-populated areas. Lamaism was introduced to Mongol society in the 15th century by Alda Khan. When the Qing Dynasty established power, it was at the time when Lamaism was flourishing in the Mongolian steppes, and the Manchus recognized this weakness of the Mongols in time. So they worked to control religion and thus Mongolia. At that time, there was a Manchu saying: "Building a temple is better than 100,000 soldiers", and with the superiority of the Qing Dynasty in military force, Lamaism in the Mongolian steppe also extended its tentacles to all corners of Mongolian society with the support of the Manchu Qing Dynasty. According to Mongolian historical records, the Manchu Qing Dynasty succeeded in turning 46.8% of Mongolian male xìng into barren lamas. Coupled with the strict control of other sources, it is understandable that Mongolia's population is declining year by year.

Since the establishment of the Republic of China, the Mongol princes have united to form the "Mongolian Princes' Federation". "Through the united forces of the entire Mongol princes, he negotiated with Yuan Shikai and the Jiangnan revolutionaries in the hope of maintaining his rule in the Mongolian steppes. At the same time, many Guannei people entered the Mongolian steppe with the soldiers and took root in the Mongolian steppe, with the addition of this part of the foreigners, the entire Mongolian steppe barely reached one million people.

Originally, in the face of the Mongolian steppe, which had a population of less than one million, Feng Yong did not need an army of 100,000. Because even if the decaying Mongol princes armed all the young men on the steppe, it was impossible for them to be the opponent of Jīng Rui's Northeast Security Army. What Feng Yong was really afraid of was the Tsarist forces hidden in the Mongolian region. According to the exact information obtained by Feng Yong, the infiltration of the Russians into Mongolia in the past two years has been extremely serious, since the death of Yuan Shikai, the Republic of China has fallen into the whirlpool of power struggle, and the Russian old Maozi, who is extremely greedy for land, has sent a lot of soldiers to infiltrate the Mongolian steppes despite his frequent defeats on the western battlefield, including the most famous Cossack cavalry of Tsarist Russia.

On the Western battlefield, cavalry has almost become the target of modern machine guns, and several Cossack cavalry with glorious historical traditions have been completely disabled in less than half an hour on the battlefield, which makes Tsarist Russia feel pressure. Although Tsarist Russia does not take ordinary soldiers in its eyes, after all, according to the current serfdom system in Russia, wanting soldiers does not abound. But the attrition of weapons was something that Tsarist Russia could not afford. Although Tsarist Russia was the largest major power in the world, its domestic industry was not developed and could not even meet the needs of front-line soldiers for rifles. Plus the Cossack cavalry, a complete set of cavalry equipment is worth a lot. Tsarist Russia was reluctant to let them worship and consume on the European battlefield. If so, it would be better to let them go to the more backward Chinese border, and perhaps the glory of the Cossack cavalry would flourish again.

For the swaggering entry of the Cossack cavalry into the Kulen region of Mongolia, the Mongol princes were mixed. After all, the greed of the Russians is well understood. In just a few decades, China has been swallowed up millions of square kilometers of land. However, looking at the turbulent revolutionary situation in the country, in order to keep their rule long-lasting, the Mongol princes hoped to use the power of the Russians to make the Republic of China jealous, so that they did not dare to send troops to them. After all, Feng Yong, the military strongman in the Northeast, is the nominal Mongolian overseer, and God knows if this position is not prepared by the Northeast for westward expansion. With Feng Yong's plundering of everything, the Mongol prince did not dare to guarantee that the wealth accumulated by his family over countless years would not tempt him. Therefore, the best result is to use the influence of the Russians to make Feng Yong dare not go west, so that they can continue to maintain their rule in the mutual fear of both sides.

These Mongolian princes are not fools, they know the great ambitions of the Northeast for Mongolia, and there are no heroes who can inherit the glory of Genghis Khan in the Mongolian steppes except for such waste as lamas and monks. Since the invasion of China by the Eight-Nation Alliance, the Mongolian prince Zeng Lingqin led more than 100,000 Mongolian cavalry to be defeated by the advanced firearms of the West, and at that time, these Mongolian princes had already woken up from the glory of Genghis Khan. They knew that Genghis Khan was outdated, and that in order to maintain their luxurious life, the output of the whole of Mongolia was now somewhat beyond their means, and there was no money to build a strong military force to defend their rule. This is also an important reason why the Mongol princes have always oscillated between feudalism and republicanism.

In addition to the internal vampire of the lama temple in the Mongolian steppe, there is also a big tumor that threatens the stability of the Mongolian steppe at all times, and it is a large number of horse bandits on the Mongolian steppe. These so-called horse bandits are basically dilapidated people who can't live in the Mongolian tribes, or declining nobles who don't want to live a life of exploited paupers, so they take risks and fall into the grass and become bandits. It's like the grass falling in the Northeast. However, the green forests of the Northeast pay attention to rules and morality, and the horse bandits on the Mongolian steppe do not pay attention to morality at all. Their murderous hordes roared past on their horses, and the men of the tribe who were attacked by them were almost all killed except those who were valued and joined, and the women and children were prepared and plundered as their trophies.

The Mongol princes organized troops to encircle and suppress these horse bandits many times, but unfortunately, the whereabouts of these horse bandits were too ercareless, and although there were quite a few of them, the number of each group was not very large. After all, they are not regular troops, and the larger the number and the greater the target, the more dangerous they become. Although the Mongol princes also had some captures, many children and women were saved. But the root of the emergence of horse bandits is still the cannibalism system in the Mongolian steppe, with the encirclement and suppression of the Mongolian princes, a large number of horse bandits will be killed every year, but at the same time, more people have become new horse bandits, challenging the authority accumulated by the Mongolian princes for hundreds of years.

Because of the need for mobile movements, coupled with the endless terrain of the steppe, the horse bandit gate rarely has a long-term fixed base, but each horse bandit has a few or a dozen temporary stations, which can not only settle the plundering women and children, but also distract the attention of the Mongol princes, so as not to be entangled in death. To tell the truth, the steppe horse bandits' rì is not very good, after all, they are the descendants of Genghis Khan, and the fierceness in their bones cannot be concealed. Whenever a horse bandit attacks a tribe, the men, women, and children of the tribe will take action to resist the horse bandits. So, every time they break a tribe, the bandits pay a price. Therefore, after plundering a large amount of property, they will find a remote place where people will not be aware of it and lie dormant quietly for a period of time, restore their lost strength, and when the limelight passes, they will go out to commit crimes again.

Of course, where there are people, there are rivers and lakes, not to mention that in this chaotic era, heroes are born in troubled times, this sentence is not false at all, even among the murderous horse bandits, they will form idols they admire. And at the junction of Outer Mongolia and Heilongjiang, there is a big man with a face among the horse bandits.

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