When Liu Shu spoke, Yang Yuanzhao happened to see the tail of the outline of the First Five-Year Plan, which not only has a detailed description, but even some basic drawings, which look like a small black square, with a few metal wires, and it doesn't look big, which is completely different from ordinary things, and looks weird.

Hearing Liu Shu's question, Yang Yuanzhao said calmly: "This is a transistor!" ”

Different from Liu Shu's glimpse, Yang Yuanzhao has seen more deeply, his knowledge level and vision, can see more things, each of which basically has his guidance, more or less, especially in the end, proposed by him, the study of transistors, directly let the Northwest cross the era of electron tubes, towards the era of transistors, in his opinion, this is the entire First Five-Year Plan, the most important research, and even his role is still in commercial aircraft and strategic bombers.

The chip in Yang Yuanzhao's hand, that is, the chip of the calculator and the chip of the copycat mobile phone, the latter has more outstanding performance, it is already equivalent to a small computer, the chip in 2014, how could it have exploded 5 years ago, or 10 years ago, but such a chip has a very limited use, and it can only play the most basic computing function, and the ability to modify it slightly is not there, this is the disadvantage of pulling seedlings, the northwest just relies on the all-in-one machine, copied the chip, and does not have the research on the chip, There's also a modification based on the chip, so you have to start from scratch, starting with the tube, followed by the transistor.

This is the progress of the electronics industry, which seems to be only a small step, but it represents more reliable and stable electronic products, and the research is a little more difficult, but in the future, especially in a few decades. The electronics industry and the semiconductor industry almost represent a newer and more powerful system, which is a huge system project, which will be used in almost all fields of military and civilian use, especially the military. As long as the weapon is pretended to be a chip or a control system, it can play a better role, and it doesn't seem to have changed much, but the combat effectiveness is almost heaven and earth.

From the popularization of the electronics industry, derived from radar, missiles, early warning aircraft, these things. To air combat or even world wars, the newer experience, the difference can no longer be described by how far behind and how advanced, over-the-horizon attacks, can even make the aircraft truly undamaged, you can't see it, how can you attack the other side. One plane, take out the opponent's entire flight force. On the basis of the generation difference, it has become a very possible thing.

This is the case in later generations, in terms of aircraft performance, many fighters in the Soviet Union have quite strong overload capacity and combat ability, but they have shortcomings in avionics. Many Soviet planes did not have avionics, or the avionics were extremely weak, and the measurement distance and guidance distance were not strong. It is easy to be interfered with, maybe in a face-to-face fight, Soviet aircraft can have the upper hand in the battle, but in the over-the-horizon range, it is far behind.

It stands to reason that the Northwest has come up with a computer and surpassed this era, but that is only fueled by the seedlings provided by Yang Yuanzhao for chips, and the real foundation of the Northwest in the electronics industry is just the tube, and even the tube is just starting, relying on the more powerful processing capacity of the Northwest, it has become outstanding, and the First Five-Year Plan is based on this tube and entered the era of transistors.

Transistor project, in the entire First Five-Year Plan, occupies a very large proportion, mainly because with Yang Yuanzhao to provide large-scale integrated circuits, directly out of the computer, the electronics industry has formed an upside down, with the current processing capacity, may, decades, or even more time, to be able to catch up with the current electronic hardware, but such a computer, can only be used as a computer, for other places will not work, only step by step, starting from the tube, transistor, step by step development, In order to be able to understand everything, the electronics industry is not only about computers and networking, but also in the military, in countless civilian fields, have a prominent role.

The transistor project, in the outline of the First Five-Year Plan, is not particularly high-level, and the driving role is not strong. The future is the era of electronic products, a country that has not studied electronic products, there is no future, the current northwest, whether it is scientific research, or production, has its own unique system, Yang Yuanzhao has a lot of influence on research and production, has formed a system, Yang Yuanzhao is not easy to change, even if he knows that this is correct, at most can only guide, he thought for a long time, and finally in the first five-year plan, put forward a military project sub-project radar project.

After all, theoretically, after the emergence of radio, there is the possibility of making radar, but to a certain extent, the reliability is not strong, in the radar, computer such projects, if only the tube is used, it may be a few minutes, or even ten minutes need to be replaced, unless it is to enhance the processing capacity, the unique use range of the tube, so that it is difficult for him to use this. Transistors as the representative of semiconductors, in later generations, proved to be suitable, and relying on the radar project, a transistor project was specially carried out in order to increase the accuracy and service time of radar.

Radar, as a key project in the First Five-Year Plan, has a huge influence, Sun Tzu's art of war knows oneself and knows the enemy, and is invincible in a hundred battles, this sentence is definitely a wise saying, even in modern warfare, the sequence of special forces and scouts in the northwest is to find the enemy's layout faster, so as to anticipate the enemy's opportunity. At this time, Yang Yuanzhao put forward a radar theory, with the help of electromagnetic wave emission and reflection recovery, detection and ranging of a machine, which has a very wide range of military uses.

The Northwest has conducted quite in-depth research on radio, the basic theory has been perfected, and even a wireless portable radio has been developed, which has a tremendous role in the military field, and it can be said that it has the basis for the development of radar. When military experts followed the theory put forward by Yang Yuanzhao and gradually deepened, they discovered that radar has a more effective role in enhancing combat effectiveness than radio.

Radio, to put it bluntly, is a liaison tool, which can combine the scattered and divided troops into various parts into a whole, so as to play a greater role in breaking up the whole into parts, and in a sense, it is a booster of combat effectiveness, and how much role can it play, because of the relationship between the battlefield and dispersion, the reduced role can be made up, and at most it is the combat effectiveness of the troops.

However, the radar is an amplifier, with the radar, the role of the scouts will be reduced, or a small number of scouts, in the radar found to carry out key exploration, reduce the scouts' fatigue, but also, to a certain extent, reduce the casualties of the scouts. With radar, no matter how complicated the situation is, in a complex environment, the commander can clearly know the layout of the opposite side, and this is extremely useful for concentrating forces to strike at the opponent's weak links. Radar can be used not only on land, but also on ships, such as fog, night and other weather, when the naked eye and optical observation are not found or difficult to find, radar can easily detect the enemy, and then accurately attack the enemy. When the radar function reaches a certain strength, it can quickly calculate the direction of the opponent's artillery group through the direction, position, and rate of fire of the opponent's shells, guide the local artillery group, find the enemy faster, and accurately clear the local target.

In short, in many senses, the role of radar is extremely critical for the military, so the military almost supported it and agreed to this seemingly difficult project. The research of radar, as early as the end of 1912, has begun, the prototype has been made, is based on the tube simple radar, that is just a toy, the reliability is extremely low, the false alarm rate reached more than 67%, such a ratio, it is almost impossible to harvest valuable intelligence from the middle, because there are too many clutter, there are many false alarms, so that each of them may go to reconnaissance, which does not show the huge role of radar. In addition to the false alarm rate, the stable working time is also short, no more than 40 minutes, and there is no role in use.

With the progress of the process, the gradual reliability of the electron tube, the misjudgment rate has been reduced to 28%, which has been increased by almost half, and the boot time has been extended to 4 hours, but it is far from the military standard, there is still an unreachable distance, the military standard, at least the boot time should be extended to more than 36 hours, and the misjudgment rate can not be higher than the 5% requirement, which is far behind.

In order to achieve this, radio and electromagnetic experts have invested a lot of research, but they can't improve the controllability and increase the process as much as possible, but the reliability of the tube is not high, which is a natural problem, and in addition to the reliability, the power consumption of the tube is huge, in addition to the land, the external power supply is fixed, and the battery is used for a very short time. There is no role to use.

This result made the military extremely disappointed, and the research institute also lost the courage to continue the research after successive failures, because there was not much gain from continuous research for a long time, and the false alarm rate reached 28%, just like a difficult oxcart, marching in the thousandth, or even the thousandth, to reach 5%, not to say impossible, but it will also waste decades of time.

Such a simple radar, but in terms of reliability and power is limited, even the problem of electricity can be put aside, reliability is not solved, radar will always be a theoretical thing, it looks very good, but there is no possibility of realization. (To be continued......)