Chapter 508: Concentrate on the development of the establishment of the Saibei Bank

Chen Yun is a talent, Han Yunhua knows this very well in his heart, and it is an indisputable fact that Chen Yun's status in the party is high. As early as 1930 and 1931, at the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the Sixth Central Committee, Yijing was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee and a member of the Central Committee. Subsequently, he served as the secretary of the Central Special Section and a member of the provisional central leadership to protect the security of the central organs. In 1932, he served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Provisional Central Committee and secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. In 1934, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau and Standing Committee of the Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee. And Han Yunhua has just been appointed as an alternate member of the Central Committee, a full decade later than Chen Yun. Therefore, now that Chen Yun has come to the Inner Mongolia Ancient Military Region, how to arrange his work has become a difficult problem.

However, Han Yunhua still knows a lot about the party "nature" of this old **, and he knows that for an old ** like Chen Yun, no matter what work he does, he is working for the party, so he personally decided to set up an independent economic ministry "door" under the jurisdiction of Chen Yun, so far the military, political and economic troika of the "Mongolian" ancient military region is finally complete.

In addition to Han Yunhua, who focuses on the overall situation and takes into account both military command and strategic command, Luo Ronghuan is in charge of politics and Chen Yun is in charge of economy. In order to cooperate with Chen Yun's work, Han Yunhua deliberately divided the logistics department of the military district into two, and transferred a large part of the resources in Yang Ruihua's hands to the Ministry of Economic Affairs, only retaining the production of weapons and equipment and the supply of military rations, and all taxes and stocks in the funds were "handed over" to Cao Juru for management.

Chen Yun has a wealth of work experience, and after a few days of investigation, he quickly got into the groove. After communicating with the party committee of the military region, the Ministry of Economic Affairs finally decided to set up the head office of the Saibei Bank in Beiping, and at the same time set up 15 branches in Guisui, Baotou, Linhe, Dongsheng, Jining, Xilinhot, Zhangjiakou, Chengde, Qian'an, Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Tianjin, Baoding, Hengshui, and Shi'men.

Regarding the formulation of the leaders of the Saibei Bank, Han Yunhua and Luo Ronghuan tacitly did not participate, and Chen Yun was in charge of all the "handovers". Chen Yun also understood what Han Yunhua and Luo Ronghuan meant, and in order to ensure the smooth implementation of economic work in the future and the smooth implementation of his own work ideas, Han Yunhua appointed Cao Juru as the head president of the Saibei Bank, responsible for the operation of the Saibei Bank. In addition, more than a dozen subordinate directors have been appointed.

As the leader of the military region, Han Yunhua supported this economic construction, and also specially transferred a special combat team and an infantry regiment to defend the Saibei Bank, and at the same time authorized the Saibei Bank to issue banknotes that can be used in all ** base areas -- renminbi.

Han Yunhua is not good at currency issuance, so he "handed" the issue of currency to Chen Yun, because Chen Yun, Cao Juru and others had experience in issuing currency a long time ago, and Han Yunhua himself was relieved to "hand" it to them.

First of all, Chen Yun observed the economic development situation of the various military sub-districts of the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region and the living standards of the people, and in addition, he also inspected the gold, silver, and foreign exchange in the current inventory of the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region. It is worth mentioning that Chen Yun was taken aback when he inspected the vaults of the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region. The treasury of the military region was built in Guisui, and the two large warehouses were filled with boxes of gold and silver dollars, in addition to a large amount of foreign exchange, of which the yen and the US dollar were the most, and there were also a large number of cultural relics, calligraphy and paintings.

Originally, Chen Yun was still worried about the issuance of the common currency of the military region and the provinces at once, and he was afraid that the gold and silver with capital preservation could not meet such a large-scale issuance, but now it seems that this problem does not exist.

After solving these problems, Chen Yun began to prepare for the issuance of the renminbi, because with experience, plus all the machinery was ready-made, the military region had previously seized three sets of the most advanced printing equipment, and only the regiment that needed to design the new banknotes could start printing.

June 6, 1941, a day that must be remembered in China's economic history, was the day when the largest and most depositored bank in the world, the Bank of Saibei, finally began to issue its own currency, the renminbi.

Of course, the name of RMB was made by Han Yunhua, after all, it came from later generations, so Han Yunhua still has feelings for RMB, and Han Yunhua is happy to see this familiar thing appear as soon as possible.

According to the regulations of the Inner Mongolian Military Region, the renminbi is the legal tender symbol of all the ** base areas of the "Communist" Party and the areas directly controlled by the "Communist" Party. The unit of RMB is yuan, and the unit of RMB auxiliary currency is jiao and cent, and the conversion relationship between the main and auxiliary currencies is: 1 yuan is equal to 10 jiao, and one jiao is equal to 10 cents. …,

Han Yunhua still has a little understanding of the three principles of RMB issuance in later generations, namely, the principle of centralized and unified issuance, the principle of planned issuance, and the principle of economic issuance. Therefore, after consulting with Chen Yun, Cao Juru, and others, the entire military region, mainly the Ministry of Economic Affairs, unanimously decided that the right to issue renminbi would be concentrated in the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region, and then the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region would authorize the Saibei Bank to monopolize the issuance of currency, and no locality, unit, or individual would have the right to issue currency or disguised currency except for the Saibei Bank. At the same time, the issuance of currency must be incorporated into the development planning system of the entire base area, and it must be issued in a planned manner according to the requirements of the national economic development of the base area, so as to ensure the stability of the currency value and prices. Specifically, the head office of the Saibei Bank proposed a currency issuance plan, which was implemented after being approved by the Inner Mongolian Military Region. Second, the renminbi should also be issued through bank credit channels in accordance with the national economic development situation in the base areas and in accordance with the actual needs of commodity circulation, which is the most basic principle of renminbi issuance.

In addition to the principle of economic issuance, the renminbi also adapts to fiscal issuance, that is, the issuance of currency according to the fiscal revenue and expenditure. Although fiscal issuance can play a role in making up for the fiscal deficit, it undermines the stability of the currency value and is an irrational method of issuance. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of economic issuance.

Although Chen Yun and others also wondered how Han Yunhua, a military commander, could know so much, even the economic aspects, especially currency issuance, knew so clearly, and he still said it so professionally. After analysis, Danshi finally agreed with Han Yunhua's proposal, and the Ministry of Economic Affairs cooperated with Saibei Bank to preside over the issuance of RMB.

However, there are still many problems in the people's refusal to issue them, first of all, many base areas, including the central government, have issued their own currencies, which are divided into five categories, five flowers, and eight types. If the Inner Mongolia Ancient Military Region issued new currency, and it had to be issued in a unified and large-scale manner, then all kinds of currency issued in all the previous base areas would have to be recycled, and this project was not insignificant, which reminded Han Yunhua of the issuance process of China's first set of renminbi.

The first set of renminbi was the only legal tender printed and issued by the newly established head office of the People's Bank of China on December 1, 1948. The situation at the time of the issuance of this set of renminbi was the same as the predicament that Han Yunhua's department is facing now, and the situation was much more complicated then than now. This set of renminbi was issued on the basis of unifying the currencies of various base areas, and the issuance of a unified currency has gone through a tortuous process. Base currency is created when each base is divided and blocked by the enemy during wartime. After the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the People's Government of the liberated areas carried out the work of unifying the currency. For example, the Central China Liberated Region issued a unified Huazhong currency, and recovered and unified a variety of local currencies with different names and different values issued by the various anti-Japanese base areas opened up by the New Fourth Army. Similar measures have been taken in other liberated areas to unify their currencies. Danshi, before the work of unifying the currency in the liberated areas was completed, the Kuomintang reactionaries launched a full-scale civil war, and many places in the liberated areas were occupied by the Kuomintang troops, and the work of unifying the currency in the liberated areas had to be temporarily suspended.

However, with the smooth progress of the People's Liberation War, the scattered liberated areas have rapidly joined together, and in order to adapt to the development of the situation, there is an urgent need for a unified currency to replace the original currencies of the liberated areas, which are of a huge variety and inconvenient to convert. To this end, on December 1, 1948, the People's Bank of China was established in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, and on the same day began to issue a unified renminbi. Comrade Dong Biwu, who was then the "chairman" of the North China People's Political Government, inscribed the name of the People's Bank of China for the renminbi. Previously, the War of Liberation entered the stage of the People's Liberation Army's Shengli counteroffensive, and the field troops of the People's Liberation Army, with the cooperation of the people in the liberated areas, made major achievements one after another, and the liberated areas of North China, Northwest China, and East China were gradually connected, and the trade ties and material "exchanges" between the liberated areas were developing day by day. The currency of Danshi is not unified and the currency comparison is not fixed, which has become a major obstacle to economic development and trade exchanges, and has brought great difficulties to the field army's mobile operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to change the situation in which the currencies of the liberated areas are varied, varied, compared, and inconvenient to convert into each other, and unify the currencies of the liberated areas. On October 24, 1947, the North China Financial and Economic Office of the Central Committee was established to lead the financial and economic work in North China and start to carry out the work of unifying the currency. Soon, the bank currency of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region ceased to be issued, and the bank currency of southern Hebei became the unified currency of the liberated area of North China. This was the first currency of the "Communists" that could be used as a large-scale alternative, but danshi could not be used as the only legal tender. …,

In January 1948, the Northwest Liberated Region stopped issuing bank currency from the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region, and the Northwest Peasant Bank currency became the unified currency of the Northwest Liberated Region. In October, the Beihai Bank currency of the Shandong Liberated Area and the currency of the North China Liberated Area circulated with each other. In November, the Beihai Bank currency was uniformly circulated in the liberated areas of North China. Since then, the Beihai bank currency has become the unified currency of Shandong and the liberated areas of central China. At the end of 1948, with the exception of the Central Plains and Northeast China, which had their own independent monetary systems, the unification of the currencies of the three liberated areas of North, Northwest, and East China was basically completed. In order to meet the needs of the development of the situation and further unify the currency of the Liberated Areas, the People's Government of North China, the People's Government of Shandong, and the People's Government of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Jinsui decided to merge the North China Bank of the North China Liberated Area, the Beihai Bank of the Shandong Liberated Area, and the Northwest Peasant Bank of the Northwest Liberated Area, and established the People's Bank of China in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province on 1 December 1948. The first general manager Nan Hanchen, deputy managers Hu Jingyun and Guan Xuewen. At the same time, the issuance of a unified renminbi began, which was the first set of renminbi issued after the establishment of the People's Bank of China...... The first batch of RMB coupons was issued in three categories: 10 yuan, 20 yuan and 50 yuan, which were first circulated and used in the three liberated areas of North China, Shandong and Northwest China. Subsequently, three types of RMB were issued: 1 yuan, 5 yuan and 100 yuan. Since then, the renminbi of various types and layouts has been gradually extended to all liberated areas across the country.

At the same time, in order to cooperate with the issuance of the first set of renminbi, after the issuance of the first set of renminbi, the local currencies that were originally in circulation in the liberated areas were stopped one after another, and they were withdrawn according to the prescribed price comparison. Before all of them are recovered, they will be circulated as usual at a certain price. The price comparison is: the ratio of RMB to the South Hebei Bank currency, Beihai Bank currency, Central China Bank currency and Zhongzhou Farmers' Bank currency is 1:100; The ratio of RMB to the bank currency of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region, the Bank of Northeast China, the Bank of Rehe Province and the Bank of the Great Wall is 1:1000; The ratio of the renminbi to the currency of the Northwest Peasant Bank and the commercial circulation notes of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region is 1:2,000, and Han Yunhua's department must now consider the issue of recycling the old currency if it wants to issue the renminbi, otherwise there will definitely be other currencies circulating in the market, and at the same time, it is not conducive to the unity of the people in the base areas.

Although the issuance of the first set of renminbi was difficult and experienced many setbacks, the first set of renminbi played a big role. As far as the social reality is concerned, the law, which is the legal tender of the government, has collapsed, the currency has depreciated, prices have skyrocketed, and the people have been living in extreme hardship.

In the economic sphere, money not only acts as a medium for the circulation of commodities, but also acts as a tool for credit activities as a representative of property. The earliest "exchange" of commodities in human history was the direct "exchange" of goods, the exchange of goods. If A needs B's goods, but B doesn't need A's goods, the two cannot make a "transaction". Its shortcomings have become more and more obvious with the expansion of the scope of commodity exchange, and now the predicament faced by the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region and all the base areas is the same, that is, several or a dozen currencies can only circulate in a small area, and there is no currency that can replace the use of gold and silver in a large area, and this has produced a huge resistance to the economic development of the base areas.

The issuance of the first set of renminbi not only ensured the needs of the liberation war, but also promoted the recovery and development of the economy, and eventually became a unified national currency, ending the history of "chaos" and "chaos" of the currency system under the rule of the Kuomintang for decades. It is a later story to put an end to the Kuomintang's decades-long history of "chaos" and "chaos" in the currency system, but Danshi's promotion of the war and economic recovery can be seen at a glance.

At present, not only the fiat currency of the national government and dozens of side currencies are circulating in the base areas, but there are also dozens or hundreds of foreign currencies circulating in the base areas. Therefore, it is imperative to issue a currency that can be widely circulated like gold and silver, and the issuance of the renminbi must be carefully considered and implemented in a planned and step-by-step manner. Of course, the most important thing is to obtain the support of the Party Central Committee and the support of all military units.

Although the issue of currency is very important, Danshi Han Yunhua does not have much time to pay attention to this matter now, because the command of the Far Eastern Military District of the Soviet Red Army sent an urgent telegram. It turned out that at the end of May, the first batch of strategic materials aided by the United States and Britain to the Soviet Union arrived in the Soviet Union and were sent to the front line as soon as possible.

Although the first batch of supplies from the United States and Britain to aid the Soviet Union was not much, only more than 200 tanks and some light weapons, and when fully equipped, it was the equipment of a tank brigade and an infantry division. This not only indicates that the Soviet Union is not fighting alone, but also indicates that there is a consensus among the anti-fascist countries of the whole country, and the ideological struggle can be put aside for the time being, which is good news for the entire Soviet Union. …,

Although the United States and Britain supported the Soviet Union, it had little to do with Han Yunhua, but Danshi had to do with the cooperation between the Inner Mongolian Military Region and the Far Eastern Military District of the Soviet Red Army. The arrival of the first batch of aid also provides a foundation for cooperation between the Far Eastern Military Region and the Inner Mongolia Military Region, and the two sides can finally carry out the next stage of cooperation.

This news was very exciting, and immediately Han Yunhua said that he would immediately move the two cavalry divisions of the Northeast Army Division north, with the goal of attacking the Japanese puppet army entrenched in Hailar and Manchuria. It is ready to accept weapons and equipment supported by the Soviet Union at any time, and at the same time, it is also in order to clear the only few Japanese puppet strongholds in the Suiyuan area.

At the same time, Ilanova truthfully reported Han Yunhua's matter to Stalin, who was surprised by Han Yunhua's keen judgment of the ** little comrade, and specially sent a telegram to the ** Central Committee praising Han Yunhua, which really surprised the ** Central Committee and the "chairman" and others.

However, Han Yunhua was not as excited about this as he imagined, to be honest, the praise of the bearded man in the Soviet Union was not as affordable as a tank in Han Yunhua's eyes. Now that the aid materials from the United States and Britain are in place, Han Yunhua also knows that cooperation is about to begin, and the Inner Mongolia Ancient Military Region is about to usher in a new development.

In the past year or so, the Soviet Union has stabilized the crazy offensive of Nazi Germany, although the Soviet Union's losses are astonishing, and the war potential of the Soviet Union has also been fully tapped, so Han Yunhua judged that the Soviet Union would carry out a strategic counteroffensive this winter, of course, the possibility of a successful counteroffensive is not easy to say, Danshi Han Yunhua believes that even if the counteroffensive is unsuccessful, then at least there is no problem at all to stabilize the front in Moscow. At that time, the Soviet Union will gradually usher in the turning point of the war, and the military industry of the Soviet Union, which has turned over, will also be rejuvenated, and a large number of new weapons and equipment will be equipped to the troops, and at the same time there will be a large number of old weapons and equipment will be eliminated, especially those armored units that have been defeated by Germany's powerful Leopard and Tiger tanks will be eliminated.

These weapons and equipment eliminated by the Soviet Union will greatly improve the troop structure and tactical system of the Inner Mongolian Military Region, and at the same time, it will also change the political and military pattern in Asia, and China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression will also enter a process of rapid development, and this process will undoubtedly be beneficial to China.

Han Yunhua can't understand the current situation of the Soviet Union the most, although the current Soviet Union is full of difficulties, the potential of the Soviet Union is still there, not anyone who wants to bully can bully, Nazi Germany can't do it, Little Japan can't do it, and the post-war American empire can't do it, so now Han Yunhua doesn't want to and can't 'befriend' this behemoth, so although he is "quite annoying", he still called back to the Central Committee and asked the Central Committee to greet Comrade Stalin, the general leader of the "Comintern" International, on his behalf. At the same time, he thanked Comrade Stalin for his support for China's War of Resistance Against Japan.

In addition, Han Yunhua sent a telegram to the central authorities on the distribution of part of the current troop strength of the Inner Mongolian Ancient Military Region in northern China, which then passed it on to the "Comintern" International, so that they could see the sincerity of the Chinese; of course, what is the actual purpose, Han Yunhua said that others also know that hundreds of thousands of troops in the Northeast Military Subregion are on the border with Manchuria, and even if he is a fool, he knows the help to the Soviet Union, and it will be impossible for Stalin to have some blood at that time.