readx; In 1933, Hitler in Germany through a series of political interests exchange and compromise, and many political factions within Germany to achieve cooperation, Hitler successfully became the German Chancellor, Hitler came to power after the means and things to combat political opponents to control power will not be talked about, but Hitler came to power after the implementation of a series of economic policies are successful to pull Germany out of the abyss of economic crisis, a series of policy facts to revitalize the German economy, and even achieved rapid development. From this point www.biquge.info of view alone, Hitler was still very good at playing the economy.

In the same period, it was also in 1933, the American Ming Cook Party Roosevelt won the U.S. presidential election and ascended the throne of the U.S. presidency, Roosevelt implemented a series of economic policies as soon as he came to power, although many of them are similar to the economic policies implemented by China, but each country has its own special circumstances, and it is basically impossible to completely copy the economic policies of other countries, and can only implement different economic policies according to their own circumstances.

However, whether it is Roosevelt of the United States, Hitler of Germany, or Chen Jingyun of China, the economic policies pursued by these three countries all adhere to the same principle, that is, the political axe intervenes in the economy and uses the lever of the political axe to promote the development of the market economy.

It's also a little funny to say, the political systems of these three countries are completely different, but the economic reforms are the same, maybe some of the terms are different, maybe some of the details of the means are different, but in the end they are actually the same, such as abandoning the gold standard to stop the outflow of gold, artificially creating the depreciation of the national currency, domestic inflation to raise the price of domestic agricultural products, but also to have greater competitiveness for exports. The political axe directly invested a huge amount of money in large-scale infrastructure construction, such as the giant hydropower station in the United States, China's railways, and Germany's autobahn.

Beginning in 1933, the economies of various countries slowed down the rate of decline to varying degrees, and even a few countries began to grow slowly, as if the most difficult moment for the economy had passed.

Although the economic crisis that has been spreading for three or four years is far from over, it has bottomed out in 1933, and what has happened since then is that it has slowly recovered, and no one can say how long it will take to completely get rid of the effects of the economic crisis.

Benefiting from the beginning of a steady upturn in the economies of the United States and Europe, China's exports grew by 25 percent in the first quarter of 1933, mainly from the United States and European countries.

After the signing of the commercial reciprocal treaty in 1931, China's export trade began to recover, but the main exporting countries were called 'Ben', followed by North Korea and Russia, although there was a slow increase in the past two years, but limited by the small market of Ben's and Russia and North Korea's own market, although the growth rate was okay, but the total increase in exports was not much. Now that the economy of the United States and Europe has begun to improve, it has also directly led to the growth of China's stagnant export trade, and the export volume of raw silk, tea, and porcelain, which were once China's traditional export commodities, has also begun to increase, and the export of electrical products in emerging industries has also begun to rebound.

In 1933, it seemed that people saw the hope of ending the economic crisis, and even US President Roosevelt had advocated convening a conference on tariffs to try to get countries to return tariffs to the level before 1929, but everyone knew that the United States was the world's largest exporter, and the United States wanted countries to reduce tariffs again in order to open the way for American products to re-enter the East Asian and European markets. Although China and Europe also have a lot of exports to the United States, there are not many responders, thinking that China and Germany are now the kind of people who have set up high tariffs and used the expansion of domestic demand to stimulate the economy, and as soon as these tariffs are lowered, American products will re-enter in large quantities, and it will not be a good thing for China or Germany at that time.

In Chen Jingyun's view, if tariffs are agreed with the United States for reciprocity, China will certainly be able to regain a large number of markets in the United States, and China's previous exports of raw silk and other commodities will be able to bring China a large amount of foreign exchange, but there are also advantages and disadvantages, and China will also reopen a large number of markets to the United States, thus allowing many industrial products of the United States to crowd out a large number of domestic markets.

And now China's domestic situation is different from 20 years ago, at that time China needed to obtain valuable foreign exchange through exports, and then use these foreign exchange in exchange for the purchase of advanced industrial technology equipment and even military equipment, in China's early economic development, Sino-US trade brought China very big benefits, so that China earned enough foreign exchange through the export of a large number of low-grade industrial products and agricultural products and ore products, and used these foreign exchange to buy back a large number of industrial equipment that China urgently needs. Thus it has made great contributions to China's industrialization.

Why has China and Bendu paid so much attention to the export of raw silk in the past few decades, because it is one of the few commodities that they can export in large quantities in exchange for foreign exchange?

However, today, China's industrialization has been largely completed, although the technology is not as good as the West with a hundred years of power, but it is good to say that it can be made, not to mention low-tech light industrial products, even if it is a need for high-tech industrial products can also be manufactured, the textile machine produced by Nanjing Machinery and Equipment Company has been enough to replace similar foreign products. Sincerely, these domestic goods and German goods, compared with American goods, the surname can be slightly worse, and the price will not be too cheap, in this case, once the tariffs are lowered again, these domestic enterprises will be in a predicament, which Chen Jingyun does not want to see.

To put it mildly, apart from grain, China now doesn't have much to import! Even if there were, there would only be a few high-tech products, and others would not easily sell such products, and even if they were sold in China, they would not say that they would need too much. Almost all other low-tech products can be produced in China, and the competition of these products from domestic enterprises is already big enough, and if there are still foreign products, then it will make domestic enterprises even more sad.

In the years from 1930 to 1933, due to the existence of trade barriers between the major powers, China, China, North Korea, and Russia had evolved into a relatively readable economy, which could provide almost all products and raw materials, and at the same time had enough markets to form a nearly perfect internal circulation. The reason why it is said that the technology will not be reduced after separating from the United States and Europe, this is not too worried, although China and Ben are backward countries, but as one of the few industrial countries in the world, although there are some gaps in technology, but these gaps are mainly reflected in cutting-edge industries, especially military equipment, and other civilian technology is not too bad.

In fact, the economy of the East Asian region has another big effect, that is, it greatly restricts the choice of surname, making the economy more and more dependent on China. It's easy to say, because of the existence of trade barriers, it is impossible to export a large number of products to the United States and Europe, so it is impossible to obtain enough foreign exchange such as dollars or pounds, and without foreign exchange, it is impossible to buy enough industrial products or raw materials from these countries, but if you trade with China, you can obtain enough Chinese dollar reserves, and then use these Chinese dollars to buy China's raw materials and industrial products to maintain the economic cycle.

If this situation continues, and the world situation remains unchanged, it is not certain that China and Ben will really become allies of fraternal countries.

For example, China doesn't want to renegotiate tariffs with the United States, but they naturally understand that in recent years, Ben's economy has shown signs of being heavily dependent on China, and the large number of Chinese products in China's domestic market is also very worrying, because they know very well that once a conflict breaks out between Ben and China in this case, then Ben will suffer a big loss. So they have to create other national markets and sources of raw materials.

The matter of international tariffs and trade agreements cannot be done in a day or two, and although they are all being discussed, not even a single country has clearly stated that it wants to participate.

Regardless of whether these things can be done or not, but the necessary time will not be less, for these, Chen Jingyun is naturally handed over to the following people to do, and Chen Jingyun's focus is still on the domestic situation, after all, although international trade can open up the market for products, but China's demand for foreign exchange is not as big as before, and now China needs to improve the scale of domestic industry, and the construction of China itself is the most critical.

"The hybrid rice in Hainan has achieved certain results!" The deputy minister of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry handed over the report to Chen Jingyun.

Chen Jingyun also paid more attention to hybrid rice, and sighed after taking it over and looking at it: "Although there are results, there is still a certain distance from a large-scale increase in grain production!" ”

The person from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry said with a wry smile: "The research on hybrid rice is much more difficult than we imagined, and it has been more than ten years before and after, but we still haven't been able to find a rice seed that can greatly increase the yield!" ”

Originally, Chen Jingyun was counting on the early research of hybrid rice, and then China's grain output could be greatly increased, and the problem of food shortage that had plagued China for many years would be solved, but now it seems that it is even more difficult than he expected.

"To increase food production, our goal in the short term should still be on chemical fertilizers!" Chen Jingyun has said this more than once.

The deputy minister of agriculture and forestry said: "The promotion of chemical fertilizer in China is still good, in the early years limited by the technical level of the domestic chemical industry, the output of chemical fertilizer has not been high, but in two years our fertilizer production has increased significantly, the domestic fertilizer use rate is also increasing rapidly, the output of grain can be further improved in recent years!" ”