readx; Xinhai Great Warlord 485_Xinhai Great Warlord_

The Army Reorganization Program is not a short-term plan, but a long-term plan with a time span of nearly a year, and even if it were to be implemented from September 1914 now, it will not be fully completed until at least next year, that is, at the end of 1915. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info: The crux of the delay for such a long time is not the difficulty in adjusting the troop establishment or the difficulty in replenishing personnel; the reserve soldiers of the national army are still quite sufficient; the national army is currently adopting an all-recruitment system, setting up many recruitment stations in various provinces, and then setting up two or three recruit training camps in each province, and at present these recruit training camps are enough to replenish the national army with more than 60,000 recruits who have undergone three months of training every three months.

At present, the main source of recruits for the Nationalist Army is still mainly concentrated in the southeastern provinces, especially the two provinces of Fujian and Zhejiang, as well as the southern Jiangsu and southern Anhui regions, which are the main sources of soldiers of the Nationalist Army, and the main factor here is naturally because Fujian is the place where Chen Jingyun started, and Chen Jingyun has controlled the two provinces of Fujian and Zhejiang for more than three years, and the Kuomintang has deep roots in these two provinces, and as the first two provinces to implement land reform, the Kuomintang has a very high support rate in the rural areas of these two provinces. Therefore, the active surnames of the rural children of these two provinces to join the national army are incomparable to those in other provinces. The area of southern Jiangsu and southern Anhui, as the focus of Chen Jingyun's rule, has developed rapidly, and the people's living standards have improved faster after the war, so the ordinary people in the Yangtze River Delta region have strong support for the National Socialist Party.

Comparatively speaking, other provinces, especially those that have only been occupied in the past year, still have a relatively poor identification with the National Socialist Party and Chen Jingyun. Although the Nationalist Army controls these areas, it is still in the process of rectifying and reforming the local political environment, and has not made many measures and policies to develop the economy as in the southeastern provinces.

Even if other provinces have poor identification with Chen Jingyun and young people are less active in joining the army, relying on the military resources provided by the southeastern provinces and other provinces has kept the reserve soldiers of the National Army sufficient.

The divisions of the Third Army, which suffered nearly 10,000 casualties in the Battle of Qingdao, successively replenished a large number of troops in just one month, especially the 28th Division, which suffered more than 3,000 casualties, began to accept new recruits the day after it withdrew from the front line, and within three days it accepted more than 1,000 recruits. Of course, the Qingdao Campaign was still going on at that time, and if the Nationalist Army units in the second phase could not conquer Qingdao, then the 28th Division would still be on the battlefield again.

Therefore, when the army reorganization plan was first implemented, the units were quickly replenished with personnel, because strictly speaking, the national army was still in a period of war, and there were still a large number of warlords in the country to be cleaned up, so the establishment of each unit still maintained a wartime establishment, and the strength of the whole division would reach 15,000 if the whole division was fully established.

However, it is relatively easy to replenish personnel, but it is not so easy to replenish various equipment, and the most fundamental core of the new type of army reorganization program is to reduce riflemen and increase machine guns and mortars. The number of heavy machine guns and mortars is almost about to increase exponentially, and this problem comes, the Nationalist Army does not have so much equipment now, in fact, the Nationalist Army can not even meet the amount of equipment that allows the units to maintain the old establishment, and the only divisions that can achieve full establishment in the past are the divisions that participated in the war in Shandong, and the other units are basically short of two pounds.

Fortunately, the period of large-scale battles between the National Army and the Beiyang Army has passed, and the arsenals do not need to spend a lot of production capacity to replenish the loss of various equipment on the front line. However, judging from the output of the two major arsenals currently owned by the Nationalist Army, the Nanjing Light Weapons Arsenal and the Wuhu Heavy Weapons Arsenal, in order to achieve the full complement of all the existing units of the Nationalist Army, it is necessary to go all out for more than half a year. In addition, in order to maintain the production lines of several arsenals without stopping, instead of starting work overnight for a few months to produce weapons and equipment and then stop production, so the procurement of equipment must also make long-term plans; equipment procurement in peacetime and equipment procurement in wartime are two different things; what is needed in wartime is to be fast and more, and in peacetime, in addition to maintaining the combat effectiveness of the troops, what is more important is to maintain the normal operation of the arsenal, to put it bluntly, it is to maintain the arsenal.

As for those domestic warlords, Chen Jingyun is Shen Gang and the others did not regard them as a land of life and death, with the current number of troops and firepower density of the national army, let alone continue to increase firepower, even if it is reduced by half on the existing basis, those generals of the national army are also completely sure that many warlords in the southwest will be leveled. So to some extent, the current national army is in a period of war, but it is not in a period of serious threat.

In this case, there is no need for the production of the arsenal to start working overnight to increase output as in the era of the Fuzhou Arsenal, and it is more important to maintain the appropriate output and maintain the equipment upgrading and technology research and development of the arsenal.

Of course, the generals of the army naturally have their own plans, even after the completion of the army reorganization plan this time, the army still has a lot of miscellaneous and old weapons that need to be replaced, such as the Hanyang rifle, the 88 rifle and the rifle that the national army is still equipped with a large number of rifles, the number of these rifles has reached nearly half of the active rifles of the national army, and these are all need to be replaced one by one with the standard rifle 1912 rifle of the national army, and the artillery models in the national army are also very messy. This product is available, and after the 1914 75L31 artillery and the 1915 75L17 artillery of the National Army are successfully put into production, it is necessary to replace those miscellaneous artillery that do not match the model from the front-line troops. The replacement of these pieces of equipment is enough to feed those arsenals for many years, not to mention that after the Nationalist Army completely reunifies China, it is bound to carry out a large-scale military expansion, after all, the current 35 divisions and brigades of the Nationalist Army are not enough to form a strategic deployment on a national scale, and the army will inevitably be expanded at that time.

In this way, China's arsenals will be able to get sufficient orders for ordnance for at least the next five years.

Although Chen Jingyun vetoed the plan to increase the number of new troops, due to the implementation of the new type of establishment, the total strength of each division and brigade has increased to two or three thousand compared with the previous one, and each division has reached 15,000 troops, which has led to a further increase in the total strength of the Nationalist Army, and it is expected that the total strength of these troops will exceed 500,000 when they are fully manned, including 400,000 field infantry division troops, 20,000 cavalry division troops, about 100,000 local garrison troops, and a number of reading artillery regiments. Personnel of the garrison regiments of the fortress, as well as the command structures of the ministries.

You must know that the current National Army is not the National Revolutionary Army and the People's Liberation Army in later history, and the National Army, which implements the policy of elite soldiers, far surpasses the two in terms of the quality of soldiers and the level of equipment, and the initial goal of the National Army is to confront the Beiyang Army, and the current goal of army building has put the potential opponent above the army.

After conquering Qingdao, although Vice Admiral Pace of Germany ordered the German ** ships in Jiaozhou Bay to sink themselves, it was better to say that the Scharnhorst was rescued anyway, and the armored cruiser Gneisenau also rushed to the beach to avoid sinking, and after the initial repair of these two warships, the navy could not wait to incorporate the two armored cruisers into the battleship formation of the First Fleet. And renamed the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. In addition, the three light cruisers sunk in Jiaozhou Bay have also started salvage work, and they will also join the national navy sequence after the salvage is successful.

The addition of this batch of German captured ships has greatly increased the strength of the Nationalist Navy, especially the addition of two armored cruisers has increased the number of warships of the Nationalist Army of tens of thousands of tons from four to six.

The Navy's harvest is not only as simple as capturing a few warships, but more importantly, after the Nationalist Army recovers Qingdao, it also means that the Navy has regained a large and excellent deep-water military port.

In China's long coastline, there are countless ports of various sizes themselves, but there are only a handful of ports that can berth more than 10,000 tons of warships and have good terrain suitable for building as military ports, and most of these military ports were occupied by foreign countries before, such as Port Arthur, such as Weihai Weijun Port, such as Qingdao, and many ports in the south are not suitable for the berthing of large warships, Guangzhou Port, Fuzhou Port are shallow water ports, so that the National Navy has been stationed in Shanghai for a long time since its establishment, In fact, at that time, only the port of Shanghai could berth the two former dreadnought battleships and two heavy cruisers that the Nationalist Army received from the American army. Before conquering Qingdao, the Nationalist Navy also invested heavily in preparing to build a naval base in Xianggang, Zhejiang, but the cost of building a new military port was not small, and later the Nationalist Navy found that the Zhoushan Islands in the southeast of Hangzhou Bay also had many deep-water ports, and the islands were densely packed and were very suitable for the concealment of warships, so they were ready to change the investment plan and prepare to build a military port on the Zhoushan Islands.

However, the construction of the Zhoushan military port will take a long time, and it will not be usable for at least two or three years, and after the capture of Qingdao in this case, the Nationalist Army will have an excellent military port, instead of having to anchor all its warships in Shanghai as before, although the port of Shanghai is excellent, Shanghai is an open port, and it will not only face the threat of the Far Eastern Fleets of various countries at any time, but also not mention any military secrets to speak of.

Therefore, as soon as Qingdao was seized, the Navy took the construction of Qingdao as a key task, and the Admiralty directly set up the headquarters of the First Fleet in Qingdao.

At the same time, because the coastal defense fortress and land fortress originally built by the German army on Qingdao have experienced countless large-caliber naval artillery strikes by the Chinese and British fleets, and the coastal defense forts have already been ten years old, so if the navy wants to use Qingdao as a military port, then Qingdao's coastal defense fortifications must be rebuilt, for which the navy has issued an order for the production of large-caliber coastal defense guns to the Shanghai Arsenal, and has also urgently ordered 12 12-inch coastal defense guns from the United States.

In addition to future construction, the navy also dismantled the naval guns on some old warships and deployed them to Qingdao, such as the Austro-Hungarian cruiser Elizabeth, which was originally old and unbearable, and after the sinking, the national army also gave up the idea of repairing and continuing to use, but dismantled all the naval guns on it, and moved several remaining 150-millimeter naval guns to the shore as shore defense guns.

According to the thoughts of the admirals of the Admiralty, Qingdao was to build Qingdao into the largest naval base in China, with strong coastal defense fortifications, and the last few coastal defense batteries added together should reach at least six 12-inch coastal defense guns and 10 8-inch coastal defense guns. As for the source of these coastal defense guns, those 12-inch coastal defense guns were imported from the United States by quoting the terms of Sino-US naval cooperation, but the Americans did not give new goods to the Chinese Navy, but directly transferred some inventory of 12-inch naval guns to the national army to use, these years when the US Navy and the navies of other countries engaged in an arms race, as the first generation of dreadnoughts used on the 12-inch naval guns produced a lot, but the arms race developed rapidly, and the caliber of naval guns soon increased to 14 inches, 15 inches and even 16 inches, Therefore, many of the remaining 12-inch naval guns were mothballed, and most of them were used as shore defense guns, and this batch of 12-inch coastal defense guns imported by the National Navy this time belonged to this type of naval guns. Of the 12 12-inch naval guns that are expected, half will be used in Qingdao Fortress, and the remaining half will be in Wusong Fortress, which is ready to be deployed at the mouth of the Yangtze River.

From the perspective of the whole national strategy, Qingdao Fortress is far less important than Wusong Fortress, Wusong Fortress is responsible for guarding Shanghai and the Yangtze River estuary, as long as Wusong Fortress is not lost, then Shanghai will not be in danger. After all, the current downtown Shanghai is not the same as in later generations, Shanghai in this era was mainly concentrated on the north bank of the Huangpu River, and the newly built Shanghai Economic Development Zone is located in the western part of the city. The important surname of Wusong Fortress is known not only to the navy but also to the army, otherwise the army would not have deployed heavy troops here.

Although there are many artillery pieces in the current Wusong Fortress, there are not many large-caliber new coastal defense artillery, so when the Wusong Fortress is reorganized in the future, it is necessary to strengthen the deployment of the large-caliber new coastal defense artillery in the Wusong Fortress. According to the navy's predictions, the Wusong Fortress will be built into a large coastal defense fortress with at least six 12-inch coastal defense guns and 15 8-inch coastal defense guns as the core.

The 12-inch coastal defense artillery was imported from the United States, but the navy of those eight-inch caliber coastal defense artillery was prepared to make its own in the Shanghai Arsenal, the predecessor of the Shanghai Arsenal was the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, and after accepting that the navy had invested a lot of resources, a large number of new machinery and equipment were added, and the technical capability was rapidly improved, which is evident from the fact that they quickly imitated the four-inch naval guns and five-inch naval guns according to the drawings provided by the United States. You must know that the two naval guns imitated by the Shanghai Arsenal are not old models, but new naval guns that have only been developed by the United States for a few years, and the four-inch naval guns with a caliber of 50 times are the main guns of the destroyers of the Nationalist Army's active years, while the five-inch naval guns with a caliber of 51 times are the secondary guns of the Xingshang heavy cruisers, and this five-inch naval gun is also the secondary gun on many active battleships in the United States.

Although it is unlikely that they will now copy the newly developed eight-inch naval gun of 55 times the caliber of the United States, the coastal defense artillery is not as demanding as the new naval gun, after all, the naval gun also has to consider many factors such as weight and power, and the coastal defense artillery first of all does not have to worry too much, and it must also need those eight-inch naval guns of 55 times the caliber, not to say not to use, but too good as a waste of coastal defense batteries, The navy is reluctant to invest so much money to equip these new naval guns on land as coastal defense guns.

Therefore, after the requirements were lowered, the technical standards were naturally lowered, and the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, the predecessor of the Shanghai Arsenal, had rich experience in manufacturing large-caliber naval guns, and now the technical ability has been greatly improved after getting a lot of equipment, so after referring to the 55 times the caliber eight-inch naval guns in service in the Nationalist Navy, I felt that the thing was too expensive and the technical requirements were too high, so I aimed at several other eight-inch naval guns equipped by the Nationalist Navy, including the eight-inch secondary guns on the two former dreadnought battleships, Also reference was made to the eight-inch guns on captured German armored cruisers. Then the design standard was soon formulated, that is, a 203-mm naval gun of forty times the caliber was designed based on the 210-mm main gun on the captured German armored cruiser, and the reason why the German 210-mm caliber was not directly adopted was because the Nationalist Navy formulated the caliber on the warship in inches, not the German metric system.

Although the length of the barrel of this eight-inch coastal defense gun is only forty times, it has a high elevation angle so that its range is higher, and its rate of fire is very high, reaching between four and five rounds per minute, this rate of fire is even the same as the American MK9 eight-inch and fifty-five times the naval gun in service in the National Army, although its armor-piercing surname can not be compared with the latest 55 times the diameter of the eight-inch naval gun equipped in the National Navy, but its muzzle velocity of 780 meters per second, 100 and 8 kilograms of semi-armor-piercing projectiles make it more than enough to use as a coastal defense gun.

According to the German 210 mm 40 times the naval gun imitation design of this eight-inch coastal defense gun, it can be said that the Shanghai Arsenal of large-caliber naval artillery research and development of a new starting point, and after absorbing the construction experience, then the Shanghai Arsenal will be able to integrate the advantages of the German and American naval guns according to these experiences, so as to design and build a large-caliber naval gun that can keep up with the pace of the world powers' navies.

The order of more than 20 eight-inch caliber coastal defense guns is enough for the Shanghai Arsenal to gain sufficient experience in the manufacture and research and development of large-caliber naval guns.

When the Navy was building the Wusong Coastal Defense Fortress and the Qingdao Coastal Defense Fortress, the first domestically produced 1,000-ton destroyer of the Nationalist Army had officially started construction at the Jiangnan Shipyard.

Xinhai Great Warlord 485_Xinhai Great Warlord_