Orphans, widows, martyrs.

When the middle-aged woman finished speaking, it was not just Liu Xing who was slightly moved. Lei Zhen, Liang Xing and Chong Yanling, who were standing behind Liu Xing, also showed strange expressions.

Pulling a little girl over from his middle-aged woman, Liu Xing half-squatted down and asked kindly, "Tell Uncle, how old are you?" What's your name? ”

"If you go back to the big officials, the slave family is called Erya, and she is six years old this year." The little girl knew how to be polite, and she didn't directly open her mouth and obediently call Liu Xing "Uncle", but obediently called the big official.

Seeing that the little girl was so well-behaved, Chong Yanling took a step forward and took out a string of jade beads from her arms when she squatted down.

Putting the bead directly on Erya's wrist, Yanling said: "The girls' school should be enrolled, why don't you go to school?" ”

"The family is now understaffed, my brother is going to school, and my younger brother will soon be ready to go to school. I'm a wicked girl, it's nothing if I don't go to school, only if my brother and brother are successful in their studies, can I better make my family's life better. That's why I didn't apply for the girls' school. Erya spoke very decently, and did not forget to look back at her mother when she spoke.

Seeing that this little girl was so sensible, Yan Ling couldn't help but take him into her arms, and at the same time looked at Liu Xing meaningfully.

What his wife is thinking, of course Liu Xing knows.

Today, how many families are like the family in front of them!

Men are out on the road, women are at home plowing the fields and weaving, and children are toiling to live.

Although today's various military pensions and subsidies in the Northern Dynasties are already very rich, money and food are not everything, and no matter how much money and food there is, it is difficult to have a man in the family as the pillar.

This is the feudal era. It's not the equality of men and women after a thousand years. Even the fact that women's rights are higher than men's rights has almost returned to the era of women's rights in primitive society.

In such an era. There are no men and women in the family, they don't have so many ideas, and they don't have the ability to really support a family independently.

Just like the woman in front of her, although her husband died in battle, she and her four children were left with ninety acres of land.

If there is a man, ninety acres of land are harvested every year. According to the calculation of the yield of less than three husks per mu in the northern part of the Great Song Dynasty, the income of 2,780 hu that year was enough for the family to live a rich life.

The key problem is that there are no men in the family, and women are weaving and farming. Women who are not good at farming can only rent a large amount of land to families who still have strong laborers in their families to cultivate.

The tenant rent it can receive. In the Northern Dynasties, when the household department clearly stipulated that each mu should not exceed three buckets, sixty acres of land could collect rent of up to 18 hundreds.

From the point of view of quantity, eighteen husks and eighteen stones should be a lot. But the four children in the family are all growing up and eating the most.

In addition, both boys go to school, even if all kinds of expenses are borne by the imperial court, there will inevitably be some expenses that need to be borne by the family, which makes the family income seriously insufficient.

If there is another illness, the medical expenses will be borne by the imperial court, but the patient needs to be supplemented during the illness, and the money is not within the scope of the imperial court. A sick and poor thing does not happen. But it will still seriously drag down the quality of life of this family......

For these, Liu Xing, who was only a small citizen class in his previous life, has a deep understanding. After this era. After coming up with so many new laws, Liu Xing did not forget his roots and still remembered these situations.

She wanted to see what she was going to do, of course, she wanted herself to help these five orphans and widows.

However, as the prime minister of the past, Liu Xing knew that he could not just use Tzu Chi to help the people, because in the long run, he would raise a large number of lazy people who would eat Tzu Chi in a different way.

In later generations, many people were able to work, but they changed their methods to receive the minimum security payment issued by the state through various means, which was something that once left a mark on Liu Xing's heart.

Knowing that that kind of thing will only delay and restrict the development of a country and a society, Liu Xing naturally does not want that kind of situation to occur in the world he dominates, so that the social development promoted by the new law will be reversed.

So what to do? Frowning and looking sideways at the golden waves of rice fields in the distance, Liu Xing quickly searched his mind for memories of agriculture in later generations.

Soon, Liu Xing turned to look at Lei Zhen, and said: "I said that you will write it, and order the world to set up peasant cooperatives and mutual aid cooperatives in rural areas around the country to carry out mutual aid agriculture in villages. Under the farmers' cooperatives and mutual aid cooperatives, a new agricultural production system under the contract system of joint production was introduced. ”

The words stopped slightly, and after Lei Zhen began to take out the pen and lick it on his tongue, and began to quickly record it in the small notebook, Liu Xingjiang began to say what came to mind in his heart.

Since fighting the landlord and dividing the land, today everyone has land, and every family has no shortage of land. However, after many years of warfare, most of the strong laborers have gone to the city, and they are employed in various trading houses and shops to earn money to support their families.

This is a good phenomenon of social development, but it is not a phenomenon worthy of long-term support.

Because all the strong laborers in the countryside have gone to the cities, who will plant the land? The imperial court killed the landlords and heroes to distribute the land, but the efficiency of use was reduced after it was distributed to the common people.

Therefore, from now on, all the rural laborers in the northern dynasties who have entered the cities must set aside a certain number of days of agricultural holidays in the spring and autumn of each year. All the rural laborers who had moved to the city had to rush back to their hometowns during that time to plant and harvest the fields that they had kept for themselves.

Of course, there will be some professions with high incomes, which will make some strong laborers prefer to give up their farm leave and stay in the city to continue working.

In order to cope with this situation, it is necessary to introduce the system of farmers' cooperatives and mutual aid cooperatives in rural areas.

What is a farmer's cooperative? It is to gather the fields of each village and each household as equity capital. For example, 200 households in the East Village and 15,000 acres of land were all gathered together and cultivated in a unified manner.

During the period of cultivation and autumn harvest, all the men and women of the 200 households in this village who have the ability to work go to the field together, and the head of the society will deploy them at the same time according to their physical abilities and skills, so as to make the best use of people and all kinds of agricultural tools to enhance their farming ability.

During the autumn harvest, the total amount of grain produced on all the land in this village is remitted, and the special personnel of the county government are responsible for supervising and counting it, and then collecting the land taxes and grain taxes that should be paid. Eighty percent of the remaining part will be distributed to the families of the members according to the share of land and manpower in the mutual aid cooperative.

The remaining 20% were jointly managed by Lizheng, Baozheng and the head of the society, as the village's self-reserved reserves. (To be continued.) )