readx; Although the development of China's light industry has been partially developed before the Gengzi year, the development speed is very small, at that time the Qing court did not completely release the control of industrial and commercial construction, many industries are dominated by bureaucratic capital, or official supervision and commercial management, in short, it is inseparable from an official word. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info Before the Gengzi year, most of the capital controlled by the bureaucracy was also invested in heavy industry, such as the provincial machine manufacturing bureau, Hanyang Iron Works, coal and iron mines, etc., the main core of which was the military industry, although due to limited capital and institutional restrictions and other restrictions caused by these industries did not get much development, but Ren Lao laid the foundation for China's modern industry, after Xinhai until the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's heavy industry ate the old foundation laid in the late Qing Dynasty, not only did not advance, but regressed a lot.

Relatively speaking, the development of light industry before the Gengzi year was not large, but the Qing court implemented a series of economic, educational, political and other reforms after the Gengzi year, although the Qing court was buried by itself, but it also brought great opportunities for the development of China's modern industry and commerce, made the development of light industry extremely rapid, and even laid the foundation for Chen Jingyun to implement the revitalization of industry and commerce in the southeast coastal area after Xinhai.

The southeastern coastal provinces have the support of Chen Jingyun, and there are also a number of high-ranking officials from the industrial and commercial class, such as Hong Zitai and Zheng Zuyin, who have made the industry and commerce in Fujian, Zhejiang and even southern Jiangsu completely free from the various prohibitions of the pre-Qing Dynasty, so that businessmen do not have to worry about various political restrictions when making various investments.

At the same time, Chen Jingyun's tax reform in order to centralize fiscal power not only allowed the Ministry of Finance to control all fiscal power, but also caused the subordinate local political axes to lose the financial power of various taxes and other financial powers in the former Qing Dynasty, and guaranteed the authority of the central government. Moreover, because the integration of the tax system makes the tax system more reasonable, especially in terms of the extremely important centimeter, Chen Jingyun has integrated the centimeter between the provinces during the period of the Southeast Xuanfu Embassy, abolished a large number of repetitive and obviously unreasonable centimeter gold checkpoints, and set up a new commercial tax, called business tax, which is collected at two ends, one is collected from the factory where the product is produced, and then the business tax is collected at the end of the product sale, etc., trying to slowly use this way to replace the centijin of each level.

Although this plan has not been fully implemented, and it is unlikely that the centigold will be cancelled in a short period of time, it has now shown the benefits of the new tax system, and the domestic goods have effectively reduced the transportation costs, and the centigold is mainly collected along the way, and the most direct reduction of transportation costs can be achieved after the abolition of some centigold checkpoints, and ultimately affect the retail costs. However, the tax revenue of the political axe has not been reduced because of this, because the price of commodities has decreased, the market has been extremely vigorous, and the competitiveness of various domestic light industrial products has been greatly increased.

Tax reform is only superficial at present, and it will take some way to complete the real domestic tax reform, and more importantly, the tariffs will have to be taken back before the real tax reform can be completed. It is not much easier than it is to recover the many concessions from the great powers, because the right to formulate customs tariffs is the most powerful weapon for the countries to regard China as a dumping ground for their products, and the tariffs on many imported goods are extremely low, and the effective cost reduction squeezes the market for China's domestic goods.

It can be said that if we do not take back the autonomy of customs tariffs, China's industry and commerce will never be able to develop. And to take back the autonomy of customs tariffs, the current Nanjing Generalissimo Mansion or Yanjing's Beiyang political axe cannot do, and this matter related to the strategic interests of the country requires a powerful unified political axe!

Despite many ups and downs, Hong Zitai and other officials in the industrial and commercial departments are still very optimistic about the industrial development in the second half of the year and next year. He also explained that according to the current state of development, the industrial development of several coastal provinces, including Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong, and southern Jiangsu, will maintain a rapid growth momentum, especially the number of factories in Shanghai (excluding the concession) will increase by more than 50 percent next year, because a large number of factories and enterprises have settled in the economic development zone of Shanghai Huajie, some of which are newly established factories and enterprises, and some of them are factories and enterprises that have been relocated from the concession or other places. Many of these newly relocated or newly established factories are under intense construction, and a large number of factories will start operating next year, so there will be a bold talk of increasing the number of enterprises by half.

The reason why the economic development zone advocated by Chen Jingyun has achieved such great success is that in addition to the tax incentives for entering the economic development zone, there are other reasons that attract many businessmen, such as Chen Jingyun has publicly stated many times that he will ensure the continuation of the surname and the first surname of the economic development zone, and will never be affected by the turbulent situation in the country, and more protect the freedom of capital in and out. This is the so-called political guarantee.

In addition, the economic development zone is a centralized industrial production zone, and the development zone itself will carry out large-scale infrastructure investment and construction, including road transportation, water and electricity supply, and even the special wharf of the development zone. When the economic development zones of Fuzhou and Hangzhou were first built, the steps were not big, although there was the support of Chen Jingyun, but Hong Zitai and others were still cautious, the scale and area of the development zone were not very large, at most it was an ordinary industrial park. With these two successful examples, the Shanghai Economic Development Zone planned by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce is huge, covering an area of tens of square kilometers. Föhler Electric has even set up a power plant specifically for this economic development zone, deploying the power supply network of the entire economic development zone. In terms of economic development zones, a branch railway has even been built to connect to the Shanghai-Nanjing line, Shanghai-Hangzhou line and other railway lines. In addition to railway transportation, the more important thing is naturally river transportation and sea transportation, and the economic development zone has built a special wharf on the Huangpu River, so it can be said that the hardware conditions of this Shanghai economic development zone are the best in China.

In order to set up this economic development zone, the Ministry of Industry and Commerce has spent a great deal of effort, because the infrastructure project of the development zone is extremely expensive, the local government axe in Shanghai is simply not able to afford it, after all, Chen Jingyun vigorously promoted the tax reform has greatly suppressed the financial space of the local political axe, so that the income of the local political axe is only a very small part, and even most of the local political axes need financial subsidies from the Ministry of Finance, so the current Shanghai municipal axe simply cannot take out too much money to carry out the construction of the development zone. At present, the central finances of the Generalissimo's Office are all worried about fighting the war, and they simply cannot come up with millions of funds to carry out local infrastructure construction, so Hong Zitai and other officials of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce decided to create a new model and directly set up a Shanghai real estate company, inviting capitalists to take shares, and be responsible for the development and construction of the entire economic development zone.

In addition to Huaxia Bank's investment of 500,000 yuan and Southeast Bank's investment of 600,000 yuan, the remaining nearly 3 million shares of capital were all taken over by other merchants, and many of them were even foreigners' capital. But this economic development zone is a long-term investment, once the money is invested, although the future income is a lot, but in the short term is not to want to get out, so Hong Zitai and others do not prevent foreign capital from entering, with a huge capital to do the capital, this economic development zone is booming.

Chen Jingyun also saw these things done by Hong Zitai, although he himself had no good impression of Hong Zitai, and even a little disgusted, but Chen Jingyun also had to say that this person's ability to run a business is absolutely top-notch, looking at China, I am afraid that I can't find a second person as capable as him, when Hong Zitai used his power to expand the family industry, Chen Jingyun thought about getting rid of this person in the future, but time passed slowly, Hong Zitai completely restrained his money and devoted himself to the work of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. Chen Jingyun also put it down.

People, they can't all be perfect, there will always be some defects, as long as they are used well, they can also be helped.

"Chief Hong, although you have to pay close attention to the affairs of the Guangzhou Economic Development Zone, the top priority of your Ministry of Industry and Commerce is Shanghai, and the semi-annual report of the Ministry of Finance also said that now the financial revenue of southern Jiangsu has accounted for more than a quarter of us, and southern Jiangsu is focused on Shanghai, and this city alone can bring more than 10 million financial revenues! Don't take it lightly! Chen Jingyun closed the report handed over by Hong Zitai, which was a plan proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce to establish the Guangzhou Economic Development Zone.

Hong Zitai said: "Don't worry, Dashuai, we also know the importance of the matter, southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang are the financial lands of the temporary political axe in my south, and the Ministry of Industry and Commerce will never let these two places slip away!" ”

The areas now controlled by the Nationalist Army included eastern Guangdong east of Guangzhou, Fujian, Zhejiang, southern Jiangsu south of the Yangtze River, southern Anhui, and Jiangxi.

Among them, southern Anhui and Jiangxi have only been fought for more than two months, and even the tax reform has not yet been completed, and the national army is still integrating in these two places, and it is still mainly military strength, and it is not completely included in the national army, so it is impossible to provide too much tax revenue for the national army in a short period of time, at most it will be about 10 million yuan in the second half of the year.

Although the southern Jiangsu region is at the forefront, because of the location of Shanghai, a very special city, and the developed agriculture in the southern Jiangsu region, the land endowment of one county can be compared with the income of a government in poor provinces such as Fujian, so after the national army controls the southern Jiangsu region, the income has risen sharply, not to mention that it can contribute more than 20 million taxes.

At the beginning of the year, the Ministry of Finance expected that Zhejiang would be able to contribute more than 40 million yuan of fiscal revenue in 1913, but in fact, after the implementation of the tax reform, a large number of local political axes were concentrated in the hands of the Central Ministry of Finance, which made the fiscal revenue increase greatly, and the Ministry of Finance has expected that this year's financial revenue will exceed 50 million, and the growth mainly comes from the financial concentration and the rapid development of light industry, especially the textile industry.

Fujian was originally a poor province, and no matter how much it was squeezed, it was still tens of thousands, but because Chen Jingyun built many enterprises in Fuzhou, such as Fuzhou Arsenal, Huaxia Bank, Fuzhou Aircraft Factory and other related enterprises, these enterprises have also created a certain amount of tax revenue for Fujian, and the Ministry of Finance expects that it will be able to reach 20 million yuan in fiscal revenue next year.

The only embarrassing thing is Guangzhou, although the Nationalist Army and the Gui Army have now formed an alliance, and even ostensibly have formed a joint political axe, that is, the Generalissimo's Office. However, in fact, the Gui Army and the Nationalist Army are still two systems, although the two sides did not deploy heavy troops in Guangdong, but Chen Jingyun still deployed the 14th Mixed Brigade in Guangzhou, and Lu Rongting also left a division in the direction of Wuzhou, and Guangdong is still divided into two parts, both the Gui Army and the Nationalist Army are very rational and did not break this balance. In the past two years, the main direction of industrial and commercial development of the Nationalist Army was not placed in Guangzhou, but concentrated its efforts in Zhejiang and Shanghai, so the income of Guangdong did not change much from that of the former Qing Dynasty.

Looking at the financial situation of the above provinces, it can be found that Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu have become the financial pillars of the national army.