The capital of the merchant gang and comprador has been flowing, and there are very few people who actually buy land, unless there is no successor to the business, and they do not wash their hands and buy land to become a rich man; Then there are the worries about business risks, so they buy land for insurance, but no matter how it is estimated, they are not the mainstream of landlords, and the amount of arable land they occupy is very small. Therefore, the final land reform plan is estimated to be within 100 million mu of cultivated land to be fully subsidized; Considering the problem of land purchase in disaster years, it is about 5,000 to 70 million mu.

Based on the calculation of 70 million mu, the average price of 20 mu is 1.4 billion, 3 becomes government loans or corresponding stocks, and 7 becomes tenant farmers to pay in 10-year installments, then the government needs to provide 420 million taels of silver or corresponding stocks. On the other hand, for cultivated land that is not to be compensated in full, the government not only does not take out 30% of the loans or stocks, but can get a lot of income (grain) from the difference between the in-kind compensation to the landlord and the price paid by the tenant farmers for ten years. According to the calculations of the Household Audit Office, for the sake of fairness, all the tenant farmers bought their arable land with grain in ten years, and the difference they actually paid to the landlords could fully cover the 420 million taels of silver or stocks, and even make some profit.

The land reform plan not only does not cost money, but also makes money, and it is fair and honest, thanks to Cen Chi's understanding of the squire, landlords and the countryside. For those gentry, as long as the cause of their origins and the annexation of the disaster year can be excavated, then morally they will be given an original sin, and since there is an original sin, then under the rural society of benevolence, righteousness, morality, and proximity, the land will be extremely smooth.

What really worries Cen Chi is the clan, that is, the clan field, which has been mostly in the south since the Song Dynasty. It is owned by the rural clans, and the tenants are mostly used for sacrifices and within the clan. And the most terrible thing is that the tenant race will never be the original surname. It's a foreign surname. If the clan land is also collected, and then sold to tenants, then the whole clan will strongly oppose it, if the clan forces such as Liangguang, Fujian, Hunan, Zhedong and other clans are strong, from time to time there is a fight, and more than a dozen people die, if they really want to collect the clan land, then the family will definitely be desperate.

It is the changed land reform plan that does not accept clan land, or according to the number of clan households, does not accept clan land of less than one mu per household. This standard is actually quite high, so that more than ninety percent of the country's clan land can be retained, and even if it is exceeded, it is only the excess part that is collected, and the part that has not been exceeded. Fortunately, the area of clan land accounts for less than 3% of the country's cultivated land [Note 1:], so it is not a big problem. As for the clan, Yang Rui wanted to completely eradicate the clan before, but in Cen Chi's opinion, it was not enough to eradicate the clan by only collecting the clan field, and four strategies must be taken to completely eradicate the clan. That is: collecting the clan field, abolishing the patriarch, occupying the ancestral hall, and burning the family tree. If any of these strategies are missing, the clan power will surely resurge in the future.

It is okay to collect the clan field, and it may be okay to abolish the patriarch, but it is necessary to occupy the ancestral hall of the family. Burning a person's family tree is not possible in the current situation. This is not the country that has gone through several revolutions and wars 35 years later, and now Confucianism and clans are not dead at all.

After Cen Chi finished offering advice, he talked about his understanding, that is, if you really want to disintegrate the clan power, the first person to thank the government must be the foreign church. After the imperial court was frightened by the foreigners, the only people who could really stop the spread of foreign religion were the clans and temples in various places. The clan is in ruins. The same goes for the church. The temple field cannot be collected, and if it is collected, the monks and nuns will run away without a livelihood, and the temple will immediately be bought by the missionaries and converted into a foreign church - the first choice of the missionaries to repair the church is to buy a local temple and then rebuild it.

It is different from the industrialization path of later generations, because there is no need to draw agriculture to supplement labor, and there is no need to completely crush clans in the countryside, so as to build a strong foundation for the implementation of a planned economy; At the same time, it was impossible to use violence to expel foreign religions, and these two factors eventually made the land reform only target private land and public land.

Zhu Jiande didn't know that the center had so many considerations, he only felt that it was too low for the Lu family's more than 1,000 acres of land to only make up 20 and a half percent, and it was calculated at 20 taels, which was only more than 7,000 taels.

"Isn't it... Is there no other compensation condition? Zhu Jiande reluctantly asked the cold arbitrator again, and he had to give the Lu family an explanation.

"No, according to the regulations." The arbitrator said coldly. After she finished speaking, she saw that Zhu Jiande was speechless, so she said again: "If you have no other questions, then please go back, please remember to notify the people of the Lu family to come and sign and draw." ”

After the arbitrator finished speaking, someone outside asked Zhu Jiande to go out, and when he came out, he saw a receptionist who he had never seen, more than forty years old, who seemed to be an official, and greeted him politely as soon as he saw Zhu Jiande come out, probably because he wanted to have a family affair with him and soothe his feelings, but he didn't want Zhu Jiande to be a landlord at all, so he took a cigarette and came out with a few words of greeting.

As soon as he came out of the barbed wire, Lu Zhan, who was in a hurry just now, suddenly ran over, grabbed his sleeve and said, "Brother Yujie, what did the adults of the imperial court say?" ”

Lu Zhan was so anxious, Zhu Jiande's brows tightened, and said, "There are a lot of people here, so let's go back." After he said that, he took the horse led by the Lu family, got on the horse and went to the Lu Mansion.

In Lu Shouye's study, after listening to Zhu Jiande's introduction, Lu Shoudao's face was pale, his body was trembling, and Lu Shouye cried a few words, like a wood that didn't know where to go. Zhu Jiande said: "Uncle, don't think about it." Possessions and property, don't bring them with you when you are born, don't take them with you when you die, don't take them too seriously. Since even the field army has been dispatched to carry out the land reform this time, it can only be said that the government has carried out it with great intensity. Before I left, an official told me: The government also knows about the situation of the Lu family, and those who can be treated and taken care of will definitely be treated and taken care of. By the way, the yamen also said that it would be better to ask my uncle to do his best to draw a book. ”

"Hey......" Lu Shoudao sighed, wanted to speak, but he didn't say it after a few breaths, and finally he smiled bitterly: "Hey......, virtuous nephew, you don't know, the land of this tenant is in the hands of the rental company, and every year they send money or grain to the Lu Mansion, and the yamen wants to collect the land, so you only need to change the number on the books, and signing and drawing the mortgage is just a formality." ”

Zhu Jiande didn't know that there was such a thing, so he had to get up and say goodbye under the difficult persuasion. He didn't see Lu Shouye that night, and when he left early the next morning, he didn't see Lu Shouye. Lu Shoudao, who sent him to the train station, apologized to him while giving him some small gifts. said that his brother-in-law was sick again.

Zhu Jiande didn't know whether it was true or not, but he excused himself from the thin gifts he sent. "Uncle, they are all their own people, and these Jiande really can't be accepted." There are a lot of things going on in the house, so please go back. ”

Lu Shoudao saw that Zhu Jiande was polite, and he had to stuff the thin gift into his hand, and the two were in a stalemate, when Lu Zhan, who was crazy, suddenly ran over and shouted, "Admit it!" Father, the court has recognized it! I admit it!! ”

Lu Shoudao thought that his younger brother died in a hurry. But he didn't want to 'admit it', he was puzzled: "What did you recognize?" You are crazy, and you are not afraid of outsiders seeing jokes. ”

"I admit it. Father. Just that Zhaoxin stock, the court recognized it. 100,000 taels!! Lu Zhan was not afraid of his father's reprimand at all, but he still shouted as if no one was around. The household department of the imperial court admitted that Zhaoxin had the stock and said that it would be paid on time. ”

The former Qing Dynasty perished, and the 20-year Zhaoxin stock immediately became a piece of waste paper, and Lu Shouye almost burned the waste paper at the beginning, not wanting to recognize the stock of the old dynasty in the new dynasty.

"Really? Are you not mistaken? A steady Lu Shoudao, the thin gift in his hand fell to the ground. He looked at his son, and he was stunned, unable to believe it.

"Father, it's true! This is what is said in the decree and in the proclamation. There is also the name of Lu Mansion on it. Lu Zhan said happily. I don't want him to be sure here, and Lu Shoudao's body shook a few times, just like returning to Lu Shouye. Fell down.

Zhu Jiande sat on the train, just waiting for a long way out of Jinan Railway Station. He still had a smile on his face, although this time he did not complete the Lu family's entrustment. But at least the Lu family's family business has not been lost, at least if what they say is true, then the Lu family has a huge stock of 100,000 taels, which is more than ten times more than the compensation for the acres of land, and Lu Wan's father will never be bedridden anymore. Thinking of this, he thought of Lu Shoudao who had just fainted, and just thought about how the people of the Lu family were so weak and unwinded, no matter whether it was good or bad, they had to faint once.

When Zhu Jiande finished thinking about the Lu family, he couldn't help but ask when he saw the waiter passing by: "When will this train arrive in Shijiazhuang?" ”

The Lu family bought him a first-class ticket, the end point may be wrong, he bought the terminal Beijing, Zhu Jiande sighed pity, but he didn't know when he could get to Shijiazhuang, so he had to ask the waiter.

"Sir, are you going to Shijiazhuang?" The waiter looked at him very strangely.

"Yes, first to Shijiazhuang, and then to Xi'an. When can I get to Shijiazhuang? Zhu Jiande suddenly felt that something was wrong.

"Sir, you are now on the Jinpu line, Shijiazhuang is on the Jinghan line, and there is no railway intersection between the two lines. If you want to go to Xi'an, please buy a ticket from Beijing to Xi'an directly after getting off at Beijing Zhengyangmen Station. First take the Beijing-Zhangjiakou line, and then follow the Zhangpu line from Houma to Xi'an, which is the most convenient. The waiter saw that although Zhu Jiande was wearing a training uniform, his epaulettes were school officials, so he replied very carefully.

"Ahh Zhu Jiande was taken aback, he originally wanted to go from Shijiazhuang to Taiyuan, he didn't want it to be a line at all, and now he actually wanted to sit in Beijing, he suddenly panicked.

The officer was stupid and didn't tip, and the waiter secretly sighed in his heart, nodded and smiled, and left. As soon as he left, Zhu Jiande was a little crazy, Beijing was not in the itinerary, and there was an unfamiliar ...... there, but it seemed that Chief Cai Songpo and Cai were in Beijing, Zhu Jiande suddenly remembered a person in his mind, that is, Cai Yi, he entered Beijing as the director of the General Staff as the director of the Reserve Bureau, and the two often exchanged letters.

Jinan to Beijing is less than 400 kilometers, Zhu Jiande got on the train in the morning, arrived at Zhengyangmen Station in the afternoon, he went to find Cai Yi according to the address he had sent the letter before, he didn't want Cai Yi to be at home, he waited in the living room for half an hour, only to see a young man in a brocade jacket, white and thin, and with a slight smell of alcohol came in.

"Xiaguan Zhu Jiande has seen Cai Xietong." Zhu Jiande looked at Cai Ye with an indescribable excitement, and when he saluted, he said the title of the previous dynasty.

Coughing lightly twice, Cai Yi smiled and said, "The jade step is really a rare guest." Aren't you in Taiwan, why did you come to Beijing? Is there official business? ”

"Xiaguan ......" Zhu Jiande said embarrassedly: "Xiaguan took the train for the first time, and got the wrong way, and he wanted to go north to Shijiazhuang in Shanghai, but he didn't know how to get to Beijing." ”

As soon as Zhu Jiande said this, Cai Yi laughed, and he said: "Fortunately, you didn't get the wrong way when you hit Taipei." Otherwise, you'll have to run away and fight the dogs. cough cough ......" Cai Yi coughed as he spoke, but there was no phlegm for half a day. He asked Zhu Jiande to sit down. Then he said: "Then the jade step will stay in the capital for a few days, and I will take a leave one day." Take you around and around. ”

"How can this be so annoying sir......" Zhu Jiande hurriedly excused himself, he wanted to go home early, but now that he has come to the capital, it is good to go shopping, as long as it doesn't cost money. But now that Cai Ye wants to take him out for a walk, he suddenly feels bad.

"Hey, I'm a director, but I don't have anything to do on weekdays. It doesn't hurt to take a leave of absence. Cai Ye said, "You haven't eaten yet, have you?" Today happens to have some old friends from Yunnan, let's go, I'll take you with me. ”

"Ah..."Zhu Jiande didn't want to come to the dinner, and his old friends in Yunnan didn't shirk at the moment and followed Cai Ye out.

In the private room of the Donglai Shunshabu Mutton Restaurant in Beijing, Zhu Jiande really met the instructors of the Yunnan Lecture Martial Arts Hall: Li Xiaru (Liejun) Chief, Shen Shiquan (Wang Du) Chief, Zhao Jihou (Kang Shi) Chief, and there is another one he doesn't know very well. Cai Ye introduced: "This is Jiang Baili, an instructor at the Army University. ”

Zhu Jiande saw that the previous instructors were all saluting, and he also wanted to salute this person named Jiang Baili, but he was stopped by the deal, and Jiang Baili sighed: "Songpo." This is really a generation of new people better than old people, seeing you as a subordinate, I suddenly feel old. ”

Jiang Baili said. Li Liejun also said: "Yes." Among us, Songpa's military rank is higher than that of our students. Others......"

These generals of the Yunnan Lecture and Martial Arts Hall were originally self-contained in Yunnan. But after Cai Ye went to Beijing, they were also transferred to the capital by the General Staff. Although they entered the center, none of them had real power, they were all cold yamen, so everyone felt that they should not have entered Beijing in the first place. Zhu Jiande didn't know what was going on, he heard Li Liejun say this, and said embarrassedly: "Sir......, the students can have today, and it is also due to the help of the prefects, so kind, I will not dare to forget." ”

"What and what," Zhao Kangshi, who was a little drunk, said, "If we can have such ability, we will ......"

"Ahem......" Zhao Kangshi's words were suddenly interrupted by Cai Yi, and he said: "There are everyone in the restaurant, how can you talk about this kind of thing?" As soon as Yujie got off the train, he was pulled by me, and everyone asked him to eat first. ”

As soon as Cai Yi greeted him for dinner, everyone also invited Zhu Jiande to eat, and halfway through his meal and toileting, Jiang Baili asked quietly: "What is the origin of your students?" became a colonel at a young age, and he was in the front-line army again, and he was afraid that he would be promoted to major general next year. ”

"The commander of the 1st Brigade of the 1st Marine Division, he is the one who regained Taipei." Li Liejun was more aware of Zhu Jiande's situation and was the first to answer. "His family is poor, and we don't know what he has to do with him, he came out of the Yunnan Lecture Wutang, and he is leading the troops alone, and he also said that the General Staff directly wants to ask Luo Rongxuan (Peijin) for the person."

"The person directly asked by the General Staff?" Jiang Baili was even more surprised, "Did he join the Revival Society before?" ”

"Where?" Zhao Kangshi said: "Before he applied for the martial arts examination six years ago, he only worked as a physical education teacher in a new school in Yilong County, and he didn't understand anything. Besides, if he is really a member of the Revival Society, why doesn't he continue to be installed in Yunnan? You still don't want to fight him, since the General Staff will pay attention to him, how can we pull him over? ”

"But none of us are leading soldiers." Jiang Baili said, "If we really want to respond to the call of Ren Gong to protect the law that day, except for Yunnan, we don't even have an army." I've been to Shouqing's side, and his army has been hollowed out by the Revival Society at all, he is nominally the military commander, but the bottom is full of people from the Revival Society, except for the guard class, he can't pull anyone. ”

Cai was a student of Liang Qichao, and Jiang Baili also regarded Liang Qichao as a teacher[note 2:] and respected him all his life. Now Mr. Huang set up the Constitutional Protection Party in Shanghai for the purpose of defending the Constitution, but it is useless to just talk about it, and if the revival will violate the Constitution that day, it will be extremely necessary to fight with force.

"Baili, don't act rashly!" As soon as Cai Yi heard that Jiang Baili was going to use force, he hurriedly stopped him, "The Revival Association is not unconstitutional today because of selfish interests, but for the ......people of the world."

"Jokes. Songpo, you were deceived by them, where is the Revival Association not for personal gain, they were elected to power by the mud legs, and now they are grateful to report and distribute the landlord's land to the mud legs, isn't this for personal gain? This is not the self-interest of Yang Jingcheng alone, but the self-interest of the Revival Society. Li Liejun, who has a fierce personality, said. As long as Ren Gong raises his arms in Shanghai, I don't have a single soldier. is also going to turn against him, Yang Jingcheng ......"

"Xia Ru, ahem......" Cai Yi interrupted Li Liejun again. Since it is a legal matter, it should be resolved within the scope of the law. Why do you need to use knives and guns? ”

"I just don't like it, we people are also graduates of regular military academies, why can we only squat in the cold yamen? Why can't you bring troops? We are not even as good as Baoding non-commissioned officers. Li Liejun is still disdainful, "The revival will be able to have today, I only see one fact, that is, if you want to have a good future, you have to rely on yourself." If the revival will be able to sit in the world, why can't we sit in the world? Just because they have a fake emperor? ”

"Good! Well said! Before Cai Yi could refute, Shen Wangdu and Zhao Kangshi called out. Zhao Kangshi said: "I can see that as long as they are non-commissioned officers and students studying in Japan, the Revival Association is worried that they will be involved with the alliance, and they will all be cold yamen." I don't care what you do, anyway, I'm unwilling, everyone is a revolutionary party, why can their revolution sit in the world, and we can only sit in the cold yamen? Isn't Ren Gong strategizing in Shanghai just to oppose Yang? But is it useful to rely on the pen alone? If it is useful, Yang Jingcheng does not need to engage in central flowering. Although the Yunnan Revival Association sent a lot of people. But those people in the old nineteen towns are still in control of Rong Xuan, and it is easy to move things over there. ”

Originally, I just wanted to bring Zhu Jiande to catch up with you, but I didn't want a group of people to talk about it again. Cai Ye said unhappily: "What you said, I want to too." I don't want to sit here in the cold yamen. But if you want to do something, although there is an excellent reason to protect the Dharma. But where is the military spending? Where's the ammunition? Do the Great Powers support it? No military spending, no ammunition. Without the support of the great powers, how can this war be fought? Fight bayonets? ”

Cai said that there is no way to find military spending and ammunition. Zhao Kangshi was deflated, and Li Liejun asked: "Didn't Ren Gong contact the Japanese in Shanghai, and didn't they always support our revolution?" Is it ...... this time?"

"This is not the same as in the past, although Japan and Yang Jingcheng have contradictions, but the Renaissance Army is stationed in Korea, if they really support us to launch the Protectorate War, they are not afraid that the Renaissance Army will kill Pusan in one day?" Cai Ye looked at Li Liejun reproachfully, very angry: "So Mr. said that the Dharma protection movement can only fight in literature and not in martial arts." It's not that there are no excuses, but that there is no support. If there is support, I can flee the capital under the cover of Xiao Fengxian in the name of curing the disease, and go to Japan first; After discussing the details with the Japanese government, using Yunnan minerals as collateral, borrowing military funds and ammunition, he could go to Yunnan to launch a war to protect France. I don't believe that if it is the righteousness of protecting the law, we cannot let Yang Jingcheng step down. [note 3]

As soon as Cai Yi said Xiao Fengxian, the people present suddenly realized that he had befriended Xiao Fengxian for this, and he was really scheming. Shen Wangdu said: "Songpo, Yang Jingcheng has mobilized troops to settle in various counties, planning to use force for land reform, but before he can do it, he has made the people's grievances boiling, and disasters are continuous, so ...... good opportunity for him to step down, will Ren Guild not misjudge?" ”

"Sir has been in Japan for many years, has many contacts in the Japanese political arena, and has a deep understanding of the international situation, so his judgment will not be wrong. Although there is an excuse to do something now, but it doesn't have the strength to do it, so if you act rashly, you will be defeated. We'll have to bear with it. Cai said.

"What about this Zhu Yujie? You are going to ...... him" Jiang Baili, like Cai Yi, is also convinced that his mentor Liang Qichao is absolutely right, but he doesn't know what Liang Qichao will do in the future.

"Zhu Yujie suddenly became in a high position, even if he didn't have a good impression of revival before, but after a long time, he would be grateful to them; He is an honest and honest person, and if he really wants to involve him in our affairs, I am afraid that he will not be able to fully integrate into the party, so he should maintain a good relationship. Cai said.

"That's a pity." Li Liejun said, what he said said said to everyone's heart. Now Zhu Jiande is in charge of a brigade, and he is in Taiwan, if the Japanese also support it, then the anti-Yang will definitely succeed, otherwise Taiwan and Yunnan can become independent. (To be continued......)

PS: Note 1: Wang Ruifang, "The Confiscation of Clan Land and the Disintegration of the Feudal Clan System: An Investigation of the Soil Reform in Southern Jiangsu in the Early Period of the Founding of the People's Republic of China". In southern Jiangsu, where ethnic fields are the most densely populated in the country, ethnic fields account for 6.54% of the total cultivated land, while ethnic fields in the northern provinces are scarce, and ethnic fields in southern provinces are also lower than this proportion.

Note 2: "Biography of Mr. Jiang Baili", p14

Note 3: Wang Fuyi, "The Inside Story of Secret Discussions with Japan on Borrowing and Purchasing Weapons during the Uprising of the Protector Army" - published in Selected Cultural and Historical Materials of Yunnan, vol. 46, p. 29