readx; The noise of 2012 is still echoing in my ears, and 2013 is coming! This year, there is no end of the world, there is no global election, I look forward to a calmer year, and there will not be so many messy things!

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The second round of aid plans negotiated between the Nationalist Army and the U.S. side includes two aspects: the Navy and the Army, of which the Navy Aid Plan contains about four points:

The first point, which is the main content of this plan, is that the United States will continue to assist China in building the weapons and ammunition arsenal needed by the navy, and the previous aid plan has made a large-scale investment in the Shanghai Arsenal, and this time in the aid plan, the navy hopes to carry out a larger-scale technological upgrade of the Shanghai Arsenal, so that it has the ability to mass-produce and build six-inch naval guns, and even look forward to the production of eight-inch guns, and then improve the production of various types of ammunition, as well as the introduction of torpedo production from the United States. This makes the Shanghai Arsenal a large-scale and now exclusive arsenal for the Navy. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

The second point is that the United States will assist China in expanding its naval bases, including the ports of Fuzhou, Xiangshan, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, and carry out a certain scale of expansion, equipment addition, and refurbishment, so that they will have the ability to berth large and advanced warships. In fact, there are many large military ports suitable for China, but they are all occupied by foreign powers, such as Lushun, Weihaiwei, and Qingdao, which are all natural excellent military ports. Now if the Chinese navy wants to moor its own warships, it can only use those small ports, and then open up new military ports, such as the Xiangshan port opened in the late Qing Dynasty, but the Xiangshan port is too limited to be used as the main base of the Chinese fleet in the future. However, the future is still too far away, and in the past few years, Chen Jingyun has already taken back those military ports occupied by foreign countries, and now, the navy just needs to repair and upgrade the existing ports, and there is no need to do too much infrastructure work, as long as they can be used.

The third major content is that the Navy Department of the Nationalist Army has invited American experts to help design China's self-built destroyers and small 100-ton torpedo boats, and the United States will provide relevant technical support for China's self-built small warships. Although it has been decided to build destroyers and small torpedo boats independently, it will be easier to have the help of the United States in the process of localization, and the situation of hard work is only suitable for the absence of external technology sources, and now there is no country to carry out the so-called technological blockade of China, from the perspective of the international environment, the Chinese environment in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China is much better than the red China environment 49 years later, and you can basically buy anything if you have money, not to mention small destroyer technology, and even battleships can be bought back as a sharp weapon of the town!

The fourth main element is that the Chinese Navy will use this loan to continue to order a light cruiser from the United States. This is what the Navy is striving for, saying that after those American light cruisers return to China in the future, three light cruisers will not be enough to form a cruiser group, so it is necessary to buy another one, and make up four more ships, and divide them into two cruiser detachments, the third and fourth, to form the second cruiser group, and form a high-speed cruiser fleet together with the future heavy cruiser group and the second destroyer group.

The contents of these four major plans of the Navy are complicated, and except for the fourth one, the purchase of a light cruiser is a one-time transaction, the other three are long-term cooperation plans, and the various affairs involved in them are extremely complicated, and they will not be able to be completed for a while.

Compared with the complexity of the navy's aid plan, the army's aid plan is relatively much simpler, and last time Chen Jingyun spent a lot of money to basically buy everything that should be bought, such as the army's 75-mm field artillery and mountain artillery technology, and then the technology of 105-mm howitzer shells, 105-5 cannons, and even a set of 155-mm howitzer technology from France, all kinds of drawings are available, and in order to meet the material needs for manufacturing these artillery, Chen Jingyun also purchased a large number of steel patents and various technologies for the Southeast Iron and Steel Plant. It can be said that at the beginning, a huge amount of money was spent, and everything that could be sold was bought through the introduction of technology, and these technologies were not advanced goods for those military industrial enterprises in the United States, and the models of those artillery were not the latest models, they were all old and mature products. Therefore, although the introduction of these technical materials is very expensive, there is no hindrance.

But buying back these technical data drawings does not mean that China has the ability to develop and produce these large-caliber artillery, or go slowly step by step, with these technical drawings just to tell you how to go, where to turn around, not to say that you directly let you step into the sky, even if there are comprehensive technical drawings for you to see, do not want to establish a complete military industry chain in ten or eight years. Technical drawings, equipment, and even money are easy to say, the key is the lack of a large number of qualified industrial workers, but also a lack of middle and high-level technical experts, without these talents, you can't understand the technical drawings. Now the Fuzhou Arsenal has such a scale, which is inseparable from the many technicians and workers trained by the Mawei Shipyard before, and the later Guangdong Arsenal and Shanghai Arsenal can be quickly restored, and it also has the foundation laid before, and now if you want to expand on a large scale, even if you need to upgrade the entire China's industrial system, it is not a year or two that can be done.

The Fuzhou Arsenal and its subordinate Shanghai Arsenal and Guangzhou Arsenal will not say that they have changed a lot in a short period of time, and they have produced a large number of various large-caliber artillery for the Nationalist Army at once, and you must know that so far, the artillery that can be mass-produced by the Fuzhou Arsenal is only 75 mm or 14 times the caliber mountain artillery, and even the 75 mm 30 times caliber field artillery are still undergoing small-scale trial production. The 105-mm howitzers and cannons of larger caliber are still being developed in the early stage, and other 125-mm heavy howitzers and heavy cannons, and even 155-mm heavy howitzers, have not even been developed in the early stage, and they will not be needed in a short time.

Here you may be confused about mountain artillery, howitzer, field artillery, cannon and many other terms, to put it simply, the mountain artillery in the early Republic of China is the howitzer, the field artillery is the so-called cannon, but the name of each person is different. For example, most of the howitzer barrels in 1913 were between 10 and 20 times, the land cannons of the same period were about 30 times, and the naval guns used by the navy were longer, generally more than 40 times and 45 times, and a few naval guns were even as high as 50 times or more. And their manufacturing difficulty also becomes more difficult with the length of the barrel, simply put, the short-barreled howitzer has the lowest requirements for the barrel, the simplest technology, the naval gun has strict requirements for the barrel material, and the requirements for the rate of fire are extremely high, so it is also the most difficult to develop.

In this way, you can also see that excluding design factors, the main technical difficulty of artillery lies in the barrel, that is, the steel used to make artillery, in other words, special steel. Therefore, no matter what artillery the national army wants to build, it needs to depend on the progress of the Southeast Iron and Steel Plant, and when it will be able to come up with qualified special steel, then the Fuzhou Arsenal will be able to imitate it according to those drawings at any time, and now, it can only mass-produce 75 mm mountain guns first.

These heavy weapons and equipment are not in a hurry, and the national army does not have an urgent need for these large-caliber artillery, but needs a large amount of military expenses to buy ammunition, whether it is for training or for the storage of combat materials, a large amount of ammunition needs to be purchased.

Now the Nationalist Army needs money, and there are so many troops, it is already very difficult to maintain it alone, and it is foreseeable that there will be a large-scale war with the Beiyang Army, which cannot be fought without money. The Beiyang Army is supported by a large loan for the aftermath, but the Nationalist Army does not have so much cash support, so Chen Jingyun has a request for this army aid plan, that is, to ask for cash, more and more, and then he uses the money as military expenses.

At the request of Chen Jingyun, the people of the Nationalist Army and the United States have started negotiations one after another, and after more than a month of negotiations, there is not much difference between the navy, and the total cost of the plans in several aspects is about 10 million US dollars, but the aid plan of the army is that the two sides have great differences, and the Americans naturally want to bypass China and use the aid loan to buy a large amount of arms and other industrial equipment from the United States, but Chen Jingyun wants a lot of cash, so the differences have delayed the negotiations for more than a month. In the Army Aid Program after the completion of the negotiations, the United States will provide a total of $40 million in loans, of which $10 million will need to be used to purchase arms or other industrial equipment in the United States, and the remaining $30 million can be used for internal military spending under the supervision of the United States, but it cannot be used to purchase arms or industrial equipment from other countries, and can only be used for internal military spending and domestic material procurement.

The navy and the army were united, and the total amount reached 50 million US dollars, and this time the 50 million yuan was not an unsecured loan, but a mortgage, and in order to get this money, Chen Jingyun took out the salt administration of Zhejiang Province to mortgage. It also pledged to open up markets in areas controlled by the National Army, to ensure the smooth circulation of American-funded enterprises and American products, and not to set up discriminatory taxes on American products.

"Our Congress has approved this aid package!" Although the second round of China's aid plan is very important to Chen Jingyun, but for the United States, it is just the price paid to open the Chinese market, and he doesn't care much, plus at this time the European continent is already turbulent, and war can come at any time, so the United States' attention is not as concerned about the situation in China as last year. So after hastily approving this plan, it was handed over to Jia Leheng and those people to deal with, and it did not cause a lot of waves like last year.

After hearing that the plan was approved, Chen Jingyun was also relieved! Yuan Shikai got a large loan of nearly 100 million yuan in his hand for the aftermath, and he was already sharpening his knife and ready to go south at any time, although the national army was already making preparations, and various military supplies were also increasing purchases, but there were more and more materials in the frontline reserves, and more and more money was spent.

Now that I have the second batch of aid loans from the Americans, I have tens of millions more money in my hand, and with this money, I don't have to worry so much about fighting in the future!

In April, May, and June of 1913, both the Beiyang and the Nationalist Army were spending money, and a huge amount of money was spent to buy all kinds of guns and artillery, bullets and artillery, and even military rations and uniforms, etc., and they were buying all kinds of war materials! Spending so much money on large-scale hoarding of military supplies is naturally not for nothing, but for preparing for a life-and-death decisive battle!

With the end of the battle of Anhui and Jiangxi, after the revolutionaries were finished, the contradictions between the Nationalist Army and the Beiyang Army had become more and more obvious, and the decisive battle between the two would break out at any time, and once it broke out, it would be a great war that would determine the future fate of China.