Jingwen commented on an ancient king in front of Li Shimin, and Li Shimin only frowned, but didn't say anything. Then, Li Shimin motioned to Jingwen with both hands to continue. And Jingwen didn't care about Li Shimin's attitude, so he continued.

"As for the minister's ability, this is also something that has no definite answer. The ancients said that there was Bole first, and then there were thousands of horses. And there is another saying, called the south orange and the north orange. First of all, we must be able to identify talents, and the direction of talents is not necessarily in this area. For example, if someone is good at managing finances, then you ask him to manage Lile, which is obviously difficult for a strong man. This also depends on the ability bias, and it cannot be described in a general sentence that the minister's ability is strong. As for the loyalty of the people, there is no standard for this. If the people do not rebel, they are loyal, and if they pay taxes, they are loyal. But if some people are made to pay taxes that they cannot afford, and the people cannot afford to pay them, can this be said to be disloyal? ”

Jing Wen refuted those general answers as worthless, and was obviously very disdainful of them. And Li Shimin and those little officials were speechless for a while, because these answers were actually the standard answers in ancient times, but the standard answers were actually refuted by Jingwen, which made them a little helpless. However, at the same time, everyone is also curious about what kind of theory Jingwen can say.

"Let's not talk about the far, let's talk about the closer Wenjing after the rule. As you can see, under the rule of Wenjing, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the government taxes are relatively low, so there is a prosperous era. And our relatively recent prosperous era is also the people living and working in peace and contentment. Guangwu Emperor Guangwu Zhongxing of the Eastern Han Dynasty, although Emperor Guangwu was nominally a descendant of the Han Dynasty, but in fact it was no different from another era. In the prosperous era of Eguangwu, the people also lived and worked in peace and contentment. ”

But as soon as Jing Wen changed his words, he immediately said: "And the so-called prosperous era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, then the problem comes. Many people have seen the great cause of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty chasing the Xiongnu in the north, but some people have intentionally or unintentionally ignored a sentence. That is, the world account is halved. And this is amazing, the hukou is halved, and in a certain way, the population is halved! What kind of world can halve the population? If the population is halved, can it still be called a prosperous era? Although he has great martial arts, can the people be called prosperous when they are not happy? ”

"The halving of the hukou does not necessarily mean the death of the population, and according to the practice since ancient times, the slaves and maids of large families and the servants of the government are not counted as hukou." Immediately a minor retorted.

But Jingwen said, "Okay! Even if these people didn't die. If half of their population became the slaves of large families, could this also be called a prosperous age? If it weren't a last resort, who would want to be someone else's slave? One can imagine how miserable the people's lives were at that time! Even, judging from the fact that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also issued an edict of guilt in the later period, the scourge of witchcraft implicated countless people in the world. And the people also rebel from time to time, do you think this can be called a prosperous age? ”

Hearing that Jing Wen actually belittled Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty as worthless, this obviously made everyone very speechless. Judging from the previous historical evaluation, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a Ming monarch. are all a model of a prosperous monarch. But now Jingwen actually belittled Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty as worthless, but everyone had no way to refute it. Even Li Shimin, he can't refute it, because the world's household registration has been halved. It doesn't make sense. Just the six words "halved the world's household registration" represent a prosperous era that has become an almost chaotic era. If an era in which the world's household registration is halved can be called a prosperous era, then this prosperous era is too cheap, right? So. The period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty can definitely not be called a prosperous era. Before, everyone didn't pay serious attention to these numbers, and just took it for granted that the evaluation of the ancients was right, but now they find themselves so ridiculous.

And Li Shimin immediately said: "Then it can be seen from this." In order for the people to live and work in peace and contentment, it is necessary for the people to become a 'free man', a free man who can have his own property. With industry, it can be regarded as living and working in peace and contentment. ”

Li Shimin comprehended it quite quickly, and he was able to comprehend this point immediately. And everyone quickly thought that the most important industry in ancient times was land, and with land can be regarded as homesteaders.

"Your Majesty, how do you say that this common people can own land?" Jingwen asked.

Li Shimin pondered: "That is, land cannot be sold, and the new population must also have land to cultivate." And my Datang's Juntian system is like this. ”

But Jingwen immediately said: "Yang Jia, you are the leader of the household department, you should be very familiar with these livelihood materials, right?" You say, "How much grain can be produced in a year since ancient times?" Will this food be enough to make ends meet? ”

Yang Jia immediately said very familiarly: "I have been working under the ground for many years, and I know that my grain production in China has been all year round since ancient times, and the remaining grain after paying the tax burden is probably enough to make a living." If the taxes of the imperial court are too high, then you will go hungry. If it is really scary, then I am afraid that it will not be able to survive at all, and the food will be taken away by the government, because the people will not be able to resist and not pay, otherwise it will be a rebellion. ”

"Yang Jia, you have also been dealing with these people's livelihoods at the grassroots level for many years, you should know the information of the last years of the Sui Dynasty, when the people have no food and clothing, then what will they do?" Jingwen asked.

"When they really can't survive, they will sell their land. Land was the only thing they could get in exchange for a greater fortune, and they could only sell it for money to buy food. ”

"And who are they selling to?" Jingwen continued to ask.

"Sell to big dealers!"

And Jingwen went on to write down a few numbers on a piece of paper. That is, at the beginning of a dynasty, there were many yeoman farmers in the world who owned land. In the middle period, there were some people, especially officials, who made a fortune by various means. And if at a certain stage, natural disasters and man-made disasters occur, then you have to sell the land to make ends meet. As for the end, Jingwen used a few arrows to show that in the end, the land was transferred to a small number of people. However, Jingwen kept increasing the population, because the population was constantly increasing. However, Jingwen drew a horizontal arrow on the land, indicating that the land was constant and immovable. And then, these lands gradually belonged to a small number of people.

And Li Shimin looked at it more and more worriedly, because the people born after this situation also had no land, and the land before was becoming more and more concentrated. If these people encounter any calamity, how will they survive it? Because they no longer have land to sell and then exchange for money to survive.

But Jingwen then wrote something about the landless peasants, that is, the pressure that these people have to bear. What is the tax measured by the guò ding mouth, that is, the ding silver. Later, there are all kinds of forced labor, and in the process of forced labor, you have to bear your own food. And even, in the event of a war, he has to bear the military service of grain and grass by himself.

These things are like mountains, oppressing these landless peasants.

"Your Majesty, you see that if there is no land, it will be impossible to live and work in peace and contentment, and then add some major natural and man-made disasters, what will happen to these people who can't survive?" Jingwen asked.

Li Shimin looked at the number one by one, and then closed his eyes helplessly. (To be continued......)