readx; The Tianshan aircraft carrier is the first attempt of the Chinese Navy to build a large armored aircraft carrier, and the expected design tonnage at the beginning is the standard displacement of 45,000 tons, and in the later specific design and construction, due to the Navy's aircraft carrier strategy and technological progress, etc., the Tianshan during the construction of the overall design has changed the detailed design many times, which not only extended the construction period a lot, but also led to the increase in the standard displacement of the Tianshan aircraft carrier from 45,000 tons to 47,000 tons. It is estimated that the full load displacement of the operation will reach 60,000 tons, making the Tianshan in fact the largest warship in service in the Chinese Navy, and the largest warship built in China and even the world. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

Before the launch of the Tianshan, the name of the world's largest warship was the Yamato-class high-speed battleship commissioned in October 1940, with a marked displacement of 45,000 tons, surpassing the standard displacement of 41,700 tons of the Bismarck-class battleships that Germany had just commissioned in August 1940 to become the world's largest battleship, and this probability is still maintained, and the Yamato-class battleships are still the largest battleships in the world.

But the title of largest warship was soon taken away by China's Tianshan aircraft carrier, which had a standard displacement of 47,000 tons more than 2,000 tons of Yamato-class battleships.

There are many reasons why the design of the Tianshan aircraft carrier has changed many times and caused the weight to exceed expectations, but in the final analysis, it is the progress of technology that has led to certain changes in the Navy's aircraft carrier tactics, and the biggest change in the Navy's aircraft carrier tactics is the development of aviation technology.

Aircraft carriers, carrier-based aircraft, this is a pair of combat teams that cooperate with each other, and there is actually only one reason for the existence of aircraft carriers, that is, carrying carrier-based aircraft, which itself is just a platform for take-off and landing, if there is no carrier-based aircraft, then it will not have any combat effectiveness, because specific operations, whether it is attack or defense, are carried out by carrier-based aircraft. Therefore, when it comes to the design of aircraft carriers, there are only two core points: how to carry more carrier-based aircraft, and how to make the carrier-based aircraft to maximize their combat effectiveness.

For example, the dive bombers that began to enter service in batches in the late 20s have completely changed the combat uniform of aircraft carriers and laid the position of aircraft carriers as the core of operations in the Chinese Navy.

It can also be seen from here that the development of aviation technology and the development of aircraft carriers are closely related, and any revolution in aviation technology may bring great changes to the combat mode and design of aircraft carriers.

During the construction of the Tianshan aircraft carrier, China's aviation technology or the world's aviation technology has undergone earth-shaking changes, between 1937 and 1940, in just three years, the aviation technology of various countries can be said to be described by leaps and bounds, all kinds of advanced fighters continue to emerge, almost in just two or three years, all countries have entered the era of all-metal monoplane aircraft, the weight of aircraft, especially the weight of carrier-based aircraft bombers, has risen very quickly.

In fact, since the beginning of World War I, the military aircraft of various countries have continued to develop towards large-scale and heavy-duty, taking the combat effectiveness series of the Chinese Navy as an example, the maximum take-off weight of the carrier-based F3 fighter that was put into large-scale service around 1931 was only two tons, but the maximum take-off weight of the F4 carrier-based type in large-scale service in 1936 reached 3.5 tons, and the maximum take-off weight of the latest air-cooled carrier-based fighter F8, which was put into service by the Navy last year, reached 5.3 tons. And the empty weight of the new generation of carrier-based dive bombers in the navy, which has already made its first flight and is still being tested, has reached more than six tons, not to mention the maximum take-off weight.

The weight and size of carrier-based aircraft are increasing, and the impact on the air force or naval shore-based aviation is not great, but it is a great problem for the naval carrier-based aviation, and the weight and volume of carrier-based aircraft have increased, which means that a higher take-off speed is needed, a longer take-off distance, and a larger space is needed to accommodate these carrier-based aircraft to ensure the number of carrier-based aircraft.

Among them, the increased take-off speed and take-off distance are not big problems for today's propeller era fighters, and these problems can be solved by increasing the power of the engine, but the increase in volume is not so easy to solve, especially when the B10 dive bomber of the Chinese Navy is in service, the volume larger than the B6 dive bomber makes the naval aviation at that time work hard to arrange various carrying arrangements, and even finally sacrifice the wing strength of the B10 bomber, and increase the folding length of the wing.

Even so, when the size of the Navy's various carrier-based aircraft has increased one after another, it will inevitably lead to a decline in the number of carrier-based aircraft on aircraft carriers, and at the time when the F4 fighter and the B10 dive bomber were first put into service, the number of carrier-based aircraft of the Chinese Navy's aircraft carriers has dropped to a record low, and the two Songshan-class aircraft carriers that were commissioned in the early thirties are okay and can still maintain more than 70 aircraft, but the number of aircraft carried by the four old aircraft carriers that were in service in the early 20s cannot even reach 60. It was not until later that the folding wing technology was greatly improved, the folding wings of the subsequent F4 and B10 carrier-based aircraft were increased by folding angles, and then the experience of groping and testing various placements and arranging aircraft positions was finally increased to the number of Songshan-class aircraft carriers to eighty-two, and the four older aircraft carriers were also raised to seventy-two, but compared with the previous one, it was still reduced.

The main reason for this situation is, of course, that the size of carrier-based aircraft has increased, and the best way to solve the problem of carrier-based aircraft is to limit the size of carrier-based aircraft, but the navy is also trying to find other ways to increase the number of aircraft-carrying aircraft, such as increasing the number of aircraft parked on the deck, and increasing the number of aircraft parked on the deck will involve the major issue of aircraft carrier deck operation.

It is said that among the combat elements of an air carrier, aside from the carrier-based aircraft surname and the aircraft carrier surname, the flight deck scheduling that has the greatest impact on combat effectiveness is actually the flight deck scheduling, the deck on the aircraft carrier is just a little bit, and there is no vast space to use like on land, so every inch of space on the deck of the aircraft carrier is extremely important, and this small space should provide aircraft take-off, landing, etc., and whether the deck scheduling of an aircraft carrier is smooth, It reflects the level of training and combat effectiveness of an aircraft carrier.

Due to the tremendous increase in the size and weight of carrier-based aircraft, China's six old aircraft carriers and two light aircraft carriers have fallen into an extremely embarrassing state, because the size and weight of carrier-based aircraft are definitely getting larger and larger, and these eight aircraft carriers will be more and more incapable due to the influence of the design age.

If this is placed in peacetime, it is actually not a problem, because two of these eight aircraft carriers are more than 20 years old, and two are already 16 years old, in fact, after serving for a long time, they are almost relegated to the second line, but now it is during the world war, and these aircraft carriers, no matter how old they are, they are still fleet aircraft carriers, and they are still the core combat strength of the navy.

You must know that these eight aircraft carriers are not as glamorous as the newly commissioned Tianshan-class aircraft carriers and Qingshan-class aircraft carriers, but they are still the undisputed main force of China's aircraft carriers.

In order to maximize the combat effectiveness of these eight aircraft carriers, the Aviation Division of the Naval Administration Department proposed a number of solutions, including changing the position of the elevators, increasing the number of elevators, and expanding the deck area.

As soon as this concept was proposed, it was pursued by Rear Admiral Han Tonglin, the Secretary of the Naval Administration, and immediately proposed a variety of modification plans, which are expected to modify the deck of the existing aircraft carrier and convert the through deck into an inclined deck.

However, although this concept is very creative, there is some hesitation within the Navy, although they also found the benefits of beveled decks, but they also found that this causes the center of gravity of the aircraft carrier to shift, and after trimming, it will lead to a decrease in speed, and the increase in deck area also represents an increase in the area of the hit bomb. And the most important thing is that it is not possible to open your mouth to convert through deck aviation into an oblique deck aircraft carrier, this is a big project, which not only requires a lot of military spending of the Navy, but also requires a lot of refit time, and after the outbreak of World War II, the world situation is so tense, every aircraft carrier of the Navy is precious, and it can be freed up to come to the slipway for refit for a year and a half.

Besides, although it is said that aviation technology is developing rapidly, but at present, although the number of aircraft carriers carried by these through aircraft carriers has been reduced, the navy is also acceptable, the reason why the oblique deck should be modified, that is, the future carrier-based aircraft will be heavier, the volume will be larger, and the take-off speed will be higher. The most important thing the Navy needs at the moment is to maintain the combat effectiveness of every aircraft carrier to be ready for war at any time.

Therefore, the navy directly vetoed the refit of the existing aircraft carriers, and this negation is something that even Chen Jingyun cannot control, and the navy has a naval strategy, and since Guan Shijie and others unanimously believe that the large-scale refit of the existing aircraft carriers will pose a major challenge to China's naval strategic security, Chen Jingyun has no choice but to listen to their opinions.

However, the inability to refit the existing aircraft carrier does not mean that the design of the aircraft carrier under construction cannot be modified, and whether the navy cautiously proposes to design the beveled deck of the fourth ship of the Aoyama-class aircraft carrier. The attitude of the Navy is undoubtedly conservative, in the view of Guan Shijie and Chen Shaokuan and others, if the beveled deck can be a great success, then the follow-up aircraft carrier plan can directly join the design of the beveled deck, but if it is not as easy as the group of people in the Ship Administration Department said, then only one will not have much impact on the expansion of the Navy's armaments, and then it will be changed back.

As a descendant, he knows very well what the aircraft carrier in the future will look like, and he knows better that the navy is worried that the future carrier-based aircraft will be faster, heavier and larger, and things will come very soon, which is not only the carrier-based aircraft of the propeller era, but the carrier-based aircraft of the jet age. In February 1939, China's first jet test aircraft, the CZ-16X, made its maiden flight, becoming the world's first jet aircraft, a full year before the German HE178. On the day of the first flight of the test aircraft, Chen Jingyun personally wrote a letter to the jet aircraft research and development team of the Chuzhou Aircraft Company to praise them for their contributions to the development of China's aviation technology.

From that day on, Chen Jingyun knew that it would not be long before jets would be flying in the skies of China.

In order to meet the advent of the jet age, the navy must be prepared in advance, and Chen Jingyun does not want the air force to use jet fighters by then, and the navy will not be able to use jet carrier-based aircraft because of the design limitations of aircraft carriers and other technical limitations.

Therefore, he directly approved a warrant to the Navy, urging the Navy's Naval Naval Administration Department and Navy Ordnance Director to attach importance to the progress of new technology, and to attach great importance to the changes in the design of new naval aviation combat platforms that may travel in the future.

"Aircraft carriers are a weapon of the town, the service life is measured in decades, when we refit the Taishan aircraft carrier, would we have thought that the current aircraft will become so fast, these decades of changes are enough to subvert our consistent cognition. As for the specific design of aircraft carriers, I hope that the Navy has a strategic vision for the future, rather than being limited to the current state, and how can this conservative attitude allow us to compete with other countries for future sea supremacy? Regarding the Navy's conservatism in the design and construction of aircraft carriers, Chen Jingyun unceremoniously criticized Guan Shijie back then.

Although there was no swear in his mouth, Chen Jingyun did not even improve his tone when he spoke, but the meaning of the reproach in his words was known to everyone.

To say that the Chinese navy is conservative, in fact, only Chen Jingyun would say such things. In the eyes of the world's navies, the Chinese Navy is an extremely aggressive navy, and all kinds of new things are emerging one after another, they were the first to advocate the use of aircraft carriers as the core of the navy, the first to put forward the concept of over-the-horizon strikes, the first to put forward the concept of beveled decks, the first to be equipped with radar on a large scale, and the first to put forward the concept of electronic warfare.

In fact, so far the navies of various countries have already agreed with this, and the United States, Britain and even Germany all believe that aircraft carriers have an important role, but the decisive factor in the victory or defeat at sea is still the battleship, and the role of the aircraft carrier is still to cover the main fleet for a decisive battle, conduct air defense operations, harass and weaken the enemy, and finally create favorable conditions for the decisive battle of the battleship.

After the Second Sino-Chinese War, no one thought that aircraft carriers were no longer important, and now the focus of controversy was whether the battleships came first or the aircraft carriers came first.

Affected by the development of aircraft carriers in the Chinese Navy, the navies of various countries have also accelerated the development of aircraft carriers, but their development of aircraft carriers does not mean that they realize that aircraft carriers are the core of future naval warfare, but because of the balance factor, that is: if the enemy has it, we should also have it, if this thing is good, everyone will play together, if this thing is bad, then everyone will be finished together. In the late twenties of history, countries were deceived by China and built aviation warships on a large scale was also affected by this mentality, but at that time people thought that China was going to build aviation warships, but they did not expect others to build China but did not build them, and after entering the thirties, all countries found that aviation warships were purely a pit of goods, and then they all stopped the relevant development plans.

Connecting the Chinese Navy, which has put forward various new tactical concepts, no one will say that the Chinese Navy is a conservative navy, and Guan Shijie, the bigwig of the Chinese Naval Aviation School, is regarded by the naval commanders of various countries as the most radical general in the Chinese Navy, and there are many people who say that he is a madman.

But it was the same kind of navy that was accused by Chen Jingyun of being conservative, which made Guan Shijie a little speechless.

Chen Jingyun also knew that it was not good for him to directly use words to pressure him, so he said: "You should know that the Air Force is now developing a new fighter, using a jet engine!" ”

Guan Shijie was puzzled: "I know about this, but as far as I know, the research and development progress is not very smooth, and the current focus of the Air Force is still on liquid-cooled engines!" ”

Chen Jingyun said: "The power department of the Air Force has reported to me that they have made breakthroughs in the research and development of jet engines, and the maximum thrust has reached 350 kilograms, and the matching jet fighter has now completed the test flight work!" ”

Guan Shijie, as the absolute core senior of the Chinese Navy, knows that China has the research and development of jet aircraft, and also knows that the speed of this jet aircraft is very high, but he believes that the research and development of jet aircraft will continue for a very long time, after all, there is actually only one difficulty in jet aircraft, that is, the research and development of jet engines, and the technical difficulty required for the research and development of jet engines is much greater than that of propeller engines.

Now that I heard that the Air Force has made a breakthrough in the development of jet engines, Guan Shijie has to re-examine the design and development of new aircraft carriers.

Based on this factor, the Navy has increased the promotion of the beveled deck, and it is also based on the development of the steam catapult proposed by Chen Jingyun.

It was in this context that the design of the Tianshan aircraft carrier was changed several times, and finally it was decided to modify the design to the beveled deck halfway, and it was the first to be completed and put into service, becoming China's first beveled deck aircraft carrier.

The twists and turns in the design and construction of the Tianshan aircraft carrier represent the continuous exploration of the Chinese Navy's future naval warfare mode, and it is also the first to create many new designs, not only with the beveled deck, but also with more details such as underwater protection, such as the armor of the flight deck, such as the newly designed fire management and damage facilities, such as the first large-scale use of fireproof coatings, etc.

The design of these new details is also maturely applied to the construction of many follow-up ships of the Aoyama-class aircraft carrier.

However, for the beveled deck, despite the pressure of Chen Jingyun, there are still great differences within the navy, which has led to the construction of both oblique deck aircraft carriers and through deck aircraft carriers in China, the two Tianshan-class aircraft carriers are beveled decks, and the fourth, sixth, and seventh ships of the Tsingshan-class aircraft carriers are also oblique deck aircraft carriers, while the other Tsing-class aircraft carriers continue to use the design of the straight deck.

This is mainly to reduce the technical risks brought by the beveled deck, and even Chen Jingyun can not disagree with the reason he said, the beveled deck is better than the straight deck, and it is based on the high-speed, large-scale and heavy-duty carrier-based aircraft in the future, and Guan Shijie believes that this is based on the premise that a large number of jet carrier-based aircraft are in service.

However, the navy does not know when it will be able to use jet carrier-based aircraft, and under the current circumstances, the use of a conservative through deck and the use of a large number of propeller aircraft can also maintain the combat effectiveness of the Chinese navy to the greatest extent.

To put it simply, one is the future design direction, and the other is the current mature application direction.

After such twists and turns, the standard displacement of the Tianshan aircraft carrier has increased from the previous 45,000 tons to 47,000 tons.

At the Wusong Naval Base in Shanghai, Chen Jingyun boarded the largest warship of the Chinese Navy and the largest in the world amid the support of a large group of military and political dignitaries.

"This is the pride of our Chinese navy, and this is the pride of our Chinese nation!" Chen Jingyun did not hesitate to praise himself, as a leader of a country, as a scholar who dreams of competing for global hegemony and establishing a hegemony that has never been seen before or since, he is more excited than the admiral to serve the Tianshan.

The successive construction and commissioning of two Tianshan-class large armored aircraft carriers and numerous Qingshan-class aircraft carriers represent the complete rise of the Chinese Navy and the hegemony in Chen Jingyun's heart.

The reason why so many rulers in history have rejoiced in their achievements is because this feeling of achievement is so good that they have repeatedly ignored the lives of the people and continue to wage wars.

Chen Jingyun is also one of them, participating in the world war for Chen Jingyun is a necessary process to realize the grand plan and hegemony in his heart, and for China is actually not a good thing, and it may even be a disaster, in case China is defeated, then China will fall into a place of no return, even if it is a victory, then victory also needs to pay a huge price, it is almost predictable that even if the world situation has been developing according to Chen Jingyun's prediction, even if it is smooth sailing, But the casualties of millions of soldiers are inevitable.

In the future, these Chinese sons and daughters may be for the ideal of Chinese rejuvenation, maybe because of the national conscription order, or maybe just for the better life of their families, but no matter what the reason makes them go to the battlefield, when they die on the battlefield, when their parents receive the death notice, the tears of their parents will make everything they do meaningless.

When Chen Jingyun stood on the Tianshan with great pride and used exaggerated language and gestures to make empty and meaningless speeches to the pilots of the carrier-based aircraft wing to which the Tianshan belonged, he knew very well that most of these young people with excited faces would die!

But he didn't care in the slightest!