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After having the plane, Dong Yongwei's report appeared on Yang Qiu's desk that afternoon, and after reading the method proposed by this YMCA member named Cheng Cheng, he was also attracted by his novel and bold thinking.

The industrialized responsibility contract system, which allowed the landlords to have only the ownership of the land and the right to manage and cultivate the land, was even reminiscent of the low and dilapidated thatched hut in Xiaogang Village. He also saw the huge gap in discourse between the landlords and gentry and the ordinary peasants, and could not prevent those black-hearted landlords from changing to increase rents and interest rates, and the situation of the famine year was even worse, so he wanted to use legislation to fix the contract. He also came up with the method of organizing peasant associations to let the peasants form a group to contend with the landlords and gentry. It's an ingenious solution! Once the peasants have the right to speak, it will inevitably impact the traditional gentry class, so that they will not dare to increase rents and exploit for no reason, and they will not be allowed to withdraw the right to cultivate land at will. In addition to the high rent rate and the inability to make money, the landlords never write the rent into the contract, and only at the end of the year the two parties make an oral agreement, resulting in many black-hearted landlords coming in the middle of the way, so that the peasants do not dare to invest in the land even if they have some money. With the advent of standardized contracts and the supervision of farmers' associations, this kind of thing will gradually decrease. This also has the great advantage of avoiding the problem that it will be difficult to promote small-scale agricultural tools in the future after the subdivision of the land, and improve production efficiency. In the same way, the gentry kept the land revenues from being completely dispossessed as the poor party.

Therefore, even Yang Qiu admitted that the organization of a peasant union was a very bold idea, and once organized, the peasant union would become the rights protection organ of the peasants themselves, and from then on share the right to speak with the landlords and gentry instead of being suppressed as it is now.

However, there are also problems here, first of all, the influence of the peasant associations is too small to win the trust of the peasants, because in most people's traditional concept, only the government can confront the landlord and gentry class, but the problem is that for thousands of years, the peasants generally believed that the government and the gentry were one and the same. As a result, there was a joint distrust of the government, so Cheng Cheng boldly proposed to launch a campaign, quickly expand its influence with a radical strike method, and cause a sensation throughout the country and erect the banner of the peasant association.

Motion.

Yang Qiu's fingers tapped on the table. Unless there is no way, he doesn't want to go down this path when there are still many means to go. Now that northern Jiangsu is making trouble, it is nothing more than worrying that everyone will go away and affect their interests. To use the simplest analogy, it is as if the workers of so many factories in the Pearl River Delta were attracted overnight by other areas that paid several times the wages and paid the fares. It is not easy to re-recruit workers and establish a new chain of interests, so they come up with contracts. And the "Migrant Land Law" is that people who pay several times or even dozens of times their wages, and even those ordinary yeoman farmers who have land but can't eat enough have moved their minds to join the army of immigrants. It can be seen that the attraction is huge.

The peasant union wanted to establish its prestige, but it was not what he wanted to grow directly through movement, at least not at will until it had a legal basis. The national society can support it, and it is not a big problem to support the peasant association with the current status of the national society, and it seems that there is no way to make a noise! Yang Qiu's tapping fingers suddenly stopped, and handed the report to the visiting Chen Guofu, Zhang Wenjing, and Song Ziqing, and waited for them to read it before asking, "Guofu, what do you think of the proposal of organizing a peasant association?" ”

Chen Guofu was very excited. He was much more enthusiastic about the political party than he was in government affairs, and he picked up the report as if he had written the plan himself, and his eyes were excited: "I think it's very good." Peasant associations can not only become organizations like trade unions and chambers of commerce. Balance the trouble of the gentry being too strong. If we can organize all the peasant associations in the country, then the 400 million peasants will know about the national society and know that we are helping them achieve justice, and no one will be able to shake it. ”

"Gofu is right." As soon as Chen Guofu's words fell, Song Ziqing stood up: "China is an agricultural country, and farmers are the main population of the country, even if it develops in the future, it will be difficult to overpower them." Looking at the current war in Europe, the scale and number of mobilized people are unimaginable, and in the event of a war of life and death, the peasants will become the decisive force. If they support the state, then we don't have any worries! ”

Yang Qiu nodded, agreeing with his opinion, and turned his head to look at Zhang Wenjing: "Wenjing, what do the president and the prime minister say?" ”

Zhang Wenjing was not as excited as the two, and said: "The president and the prime minister have not expressed their position. They all want you to come up with ideas. ”

"Two old foxes!" Chen Guofu interjected angrily. This kind of thing has gone down in history if it is done well, and if it is not done well, it will be stinky for thousands of years, so it is no wonder that they will avoid it. Zhang Wenjing smiled: "This is something that offends people, who in the officialdom is not born as a gentry?" Even you and I are the gentry class. If it hadn't been for the inducement of them to go to industry and commerce in the past few years, and the issuance of so many industrial stocks to eat dividends, this matter would not have been possible at all. Their tacit consent to doing it now is already a valuable progress! However, they are most worried about causing a nationwide confrontation, knowing that spring plowing will start soon, and the reserve grain will eat up to the summer, so before I came here just now, Premier Shaochuan said that the scale of the movement should be well controlled. ”

The three of them all understood what Tang Shaoyi was worried about, but in fact, this was also what they were worried about. Because the word sport is too difficult to grasp and is itself illegal. At the beginning of the founding of the Republic of China, the provisional constitution was emphasized, and after the constitution was determined, it was repeatedly emphasized that the constitution must not be violated, and the movement itself was a very vague word, and mild strikes were also movements, and fierce conflicts were also movements. And more importantly, will the movement involve the military? You must know that most of the Wehrmacht are the children of peasants. The armed forces must never interfere in their internal affairs, and this is the bottom line that must be adhered to, otherwise this trivial matter can be solved by casually sending troops.

But Yang Qiu was moved, really! In later generations, the government wiped the ass of both labor and management too much, because of the imbalance of power between the two sides, which eventually led to problems with the credibility of the government, and the trade unions and rural cooperatives he was familiar with in later generations were difficult to say, except for organizing movies, they did not have the checks and balances of Western trade unions at all! However, at present, this peasant association can balance the balance between labor and management, and the government will only need to uphold the justice of the law in the future, so it can also promote the popularization of the legal system in the country. In addition, once the peasant associations are established, the concept of rural cooperatives can also be introduced, and through them, more advanced farming methods can be imparted, and the problem of funds and guarantees in farmers' self-employment can be solved. Even if we don't talk about solving the problem of the distribution of land interests between the peasants and the gentry, the prestige of the central government alone is too much to give. For once the peasant guilds and the gentry became a balanced force, then both sides would have to rely on the government and the law to solve the problem in the future, and from then on gradually break the situation in which the clan power ruled the locality. Lay the foundation for further rural autonomy! Some people may say that those who become officials are all born in clans, but with the development of free and compulsory education, more and more children of peasants will definitely enter the government in the future, and it is very likely that there will be a civilian president.

Of course. The organization of peasant associations is only the first step in agrarian reform, and it cannot completely solve the problem of land distribution rights, but can only ensure that the peasants' burdens are smaller in terms of legislation and supervision. But its significance lies in keeping agrarian reform within the framework of the law, thus laying the groundwork for the imminent introduction of new laws such as the Agrarian Reform Act and the Collection of Land Tenure Tax. With the support of 400 million peasants, the gentry landlords must weigh the consequences if they want to block the new law! Just this is the first step.

Yang Qiu put down his pen and made a recorded gesture: "Order the 3rd Division to prepare to cross the river into northern Jiangsu, and order An Guoliang and Feng Guozhang to go to Xuzhou to stand by." Wenjing. Transferred part of the grain reserves to northern Jiangsu and Xuzhou. ”

"Wait!" Before he finished speaking, Song Ziqing stood up suddenly, and he transferred troops and used reserve food, which made his face a little blue. interrupted: "Commander-in-chief, I am afraid that such a big transfer will cause misunderstanding, and the dispatch of troops itself is unconstitutional!" ”

Yang Qiu, who was suddenly interrupted, didn't react at first, and saw that the three of them were a little solemn in their eyes before they knew that their orders were vague, but Song Ziqing's first disagreement with him on the issue of the army itself showed that the constitution had gradually penetrated into the bones of these people. That's a good thing. So he laughed: "Ziqing, don't worry, I didn't think about using military means." ”

"What do you mean?" Song Ziqing asked.

Yang Qiu took a deep breath and picked up this report, which was heavier than Qianjun: "Guofu." You go to Huang Yuansheng immediately. **The judge was set by us at that time, and since it was decided, we can't interfere, so you let him prepare for the trial. After going to Xuzhou, he told Cheng Cheng that he had done a good job, and asked him to immediately organize the Xuzhou Peasant Association first, and then go to the court to determine that the long-term work deed, tenant deed and other deeds are invalid! Without waiting for everyone to speak, he continued to ask: "Wenjing, the reserve grain in hand is transferred to Xuzhou and northern Jiangsu, and the peasants must let them eat first if they want to fight!" Besides, I asked you to prepare the money to buy the land, right? ”

After getting the Anglo-American loan, Yang Qiu asked Zhang Wenjing to intercept 1 billion yuan to be used to acquire private land, so Zhang Wenjing immediately nodded: "The money is still there." Moreover, in the past two years, the fiscal and tax revenues have skyrocketed, and more land can be invested to build farms. ”

"No national farms are a special case and are used to promote mechanized farming. Similar to the Immigration Land Law, the cultivator pays grain instead of rent, and the land will be owned by the cultivator after ten years. It's a long-term plan. You should be prepared, buy some land from the market every year for the construction of public rental land, and in the future, form a three-headed situation of state-owned farms, public rent, and private ownership, and jointly promote the contract responsibility system. Therefore, when the high land retention tax is levied, those excess landlords will definitely sell off some of the land, and you and Xu Xiujun must be prepared to absorb this batch of land to establish public rental land. Ziqing, you also go to the Ministry of Justice immediately, the police and taxes must take action, lawsuits are just a means, and deterrence is also necessary! Find some thorns and come out and hit a dozen. Newspapers and reporters also went to say hello and build momentum for this lawsuit, so that the whole country would know that the peasant associations and landlords were unconstitutional! ”

None of the three dared to slack off, this is a major event related to the country for a hundred years, and whether the first step is good or not will be directly related to whether the following series of land reform laws can be implemented. Soon after they left, Fang Rui also saluted and walked in, and put a thick stack of materials on Yang Qiu's table: "Report, this is the evil deeds and information of those rich and unkind landlords in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, involving millions of acres of fields. ”

"Leave it to the Department of Justice." Yang Qiu didn't look at it, picked up the pen and prepared to personally draft the standard contract for land contracting and cultivation in the Republic of China, Fang Rui suddenly took a step forward when he saw this: "Commander-in-chief, there are always people who will take risks, is it beside Cheng Cheng." ”

Yang Qiu's hand paused, and a drop of thick ink melted around. After the corners of his mouth twitched slightly, he raised his head in a voice that he himself felt scared: "No need! ”…… (。 If you like this work, () vote for recommendation, monthly pass, your support is my biggest motivation. )